Nanostructured biomedical selenium at the biological interface (Review).

This paper critically reviews the current evidence of research in biomedical applications of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) and their effects at cellular and tissue levels. In recent years, interest in SeNPs as a natural trace element nanomaterial for nanomedicine has resulted in a number of studies evaluating their bioactivities, such as anticancer, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties. Significant data have been generated to demonstrate the effectiveness of SeNPs alone or in combination with other reagents.

Convection Enhanced Delivery: A Comparison of infusion characteristics in ex vivo and in vivo non-human primate brain tissue.

Background: Convection enhanced delivery (CED) is emerging as a promising infusion toolto facilitate delivery of therapeutic agents into the brain via mechanically controlled pumps. Infusion protocols and catheter design have an important impact on delivery. CED is a valid alternative for systemic administration of agents in clinical trials for cell and gene therapies.

Convection enhanced delivery to the Brain: preparing for gene therapy and protein delivery to the Brain for functional and restorative Neurosurgery by understanding low-flow neurocatheter infusions using the Alaris(®) system infusion pump.

Background: Convection enhanced delivery (CED) is an emerging form of direct brain infusion therapy employed in human functional and restorative neurosurgery clinical trials delivering protein, viral vectors for gene therapy, and siRNA.

Purpose: Pressure monitoring has become a vital tool in ensuring infusion safety and success. We report details of this benchmark first trial of the use of a leading syringe infusion pump system capable of low-flow infusions.

Strategies for the delivery of multiple collinear infusion clouds in convection-enhanced delivery in the treatment of Parkinson's disease.

Background: Delivery of multiple collinear payloads utilizing convection-enhanced delivery (CED) has historically been performed by retraction of a needle or catheter from the most distal delivery site. Few studies have addressed end-infusion morphology and associated payload reflux in stacked and collinear infusions, and studies comparing the advancement with the retraction mode are lacking.

Objective: To compare advancement versus retraction mode infusion results.

Gene-based therapy of Parkinson's Disease: Translation from animal model to human clinical trial employing convection enhanced delivery.

The existing treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) is directed towards substituting dopamine loss with either dopamine replacement therapy or pharmacological therapies aimed at increasing dopamine at the synapse level. Emerging viable alternatives include the use of cell-based and gene-based therapeutics. In this review, we discuss efforts in developing in vitro and in vivo models and their translation to human clinical trials for gene-based therapy of this distressing and prevalent neurodegenerative disorder.

Benchmarking the ERG valve tip and MRI Interventions Smart Flow neurocatheter convection-enhanced delivery system's performance in a gel model of the brain: employing infusion protocols proposed for gene therapy for Parkinson's disease.

Convection-enhanced delivery (CED) is an advanced infusion technique used to deliver therapeutic agents into the brain. CED has shown promise in recent clinical trials. Independent verification of published parameters is warranted with benchmark testing of published parameters in applicable models such as gel phantoms, ex vivo tissue and in vivo non-human animal models to effectively inform planned and future clinical therapies.