Incorporation of a Comorbidity Index in Treatment Decisions for Elderly AML Patients Can Lead to Better Disease Management-A Single-Center Experience.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a form of cancer originating from precursor cells within the bone marrow. Elderly patients with acute leukemia require a personalized approach, considering age, performance status, and comorbidities, to determine suitability for intensive treatment. We studied the results of intense chemotherapy in 46 elderly, fit individuals with AML at a cancer center in Romania from January 2017 to December 2023.

Delineation of Molecular Lesions in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients at Diagnosis: Integrated Next Generation Sequencing and Cytogenomic Studies.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous disorder characterized by a wide range of genetic defects. Cytogenetics, molecular and genomic technologies have proved to be helpful for deciphering the mutational landscape of AML and impacted clinical practice. Forty-eight new AML patients were investigated with an integrated approach, including classical and molecular cytogenetics, array-based comparative genomic hybridization and targeted next generation sequencing (NGS).

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: a rare complication of autologous stem cell transplantation.

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a very severe and rare syndrome of pathologic immune activation characterized by cytopenia and clinical signs and symptoms of extreme inflammation. HLH is usually fatal without treatment so that accurate and timely diagnosis is very important. The syndrome occurs as a familial disorder (familial HLH - FLH) or as an acquired condition (secondary - sHLH) in association with a variety of pathologic states: infections, rheumatologic, malignant or metabolic diseases.

Erythrocyte membrane in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus represents a major public health challenge, due to the continuously growing prevalence and the complexity of the diabetic complications. Hyperglycemia seems to be the main mechanism for the disease progression. During erythrocyte's long life span, erythrocyte membranes are affected by the chronic exposure to glucose, which triggers several biochemical modifications that lead to both structural and functional disruption, which are further involved in the physiopathology of diabetes and its complications.

2016 WHO Clinical Molecular and Pathological Criteria for Classification and Staging of Myeloproliferative Neoplasms (MPN) Caused by MPN Driver Mutations in the JAK2, MPL and CALR Genes in the Context of New 2016 WHO Classification: Prognostic and Therapeutic Implications.

The 2016 WHO-CMP classification proposal defines a broad spectrum of JAK2 V617F mutated MPN phenotypes: normocellular ET, hypercellular ET due to increased erythropoiesis (prodromal PV), hypercellular ET with megakaryocytic-granulocytic myeloproliferation and splenomegaly (EMGM or masked PV), erythrocythemic PV, early and overt classical PV, advanced PV with MF and post-PV MF. ET heterozygous for the JAK2 V617F mutation is associated with low JAK2 mutation load and normal life expectance. PV patients are hetero-homozygous versus homozygous for the JAK2 V617F mutation in their early versus advanced stages with increasing JAK2 mutation load from less than 50% to 100% and increase of MPN disease burden during life long follow-up in terms of symptomatic splenomegaly, constitutional symptoms, bone marrow hypercellularity and secondary MF.

Peculiarities in the Diagnosis Approach of MDS /MPN-U Patients.

The most recent WHO Classification of Tumors of Haematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues describes a set of diseases framed as the MDS / MPN (myelodysplastic / chronic myeloproliferative syndromes). There are four subtypes comprised in this category: chronic myelomonocytic leukemia, juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia, atypical chronic myeloid leukemia and unclassifiable MDS / MPN. They combine both myelodysplastic and myeloproliferative features.

Lymphoma immunophenotyping: "borderline" lymphomas.

Immunophenotyping of B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders is indispensable, especially in disorders with CD19(+) CD5(+) B lymphocytes, where we have to make the distinction between low grade neoplasia, such as chronic lymphocytic leukemia with CD23(+) malignant lymphocytes, and aggressive neoplasia such as mantle cell lymphoma with CD23(-) malignant lymphocytes. We found some cases of CD19(+) CD5(+) lymphoproliferative disorders that do not meet all criteria for diagnosis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia or mantle cell lymphoma. For instance, we found cases with a low or no expression of CD23, asociated with absence of expression of FMC7 and surface immunoglobulins.

Abnormalities of platelet aggregation in chronic myeloproliferative disorders.

A large variety of platelet dysfunctions has been described in chronic myeloproliferative disorders. These abnormalities may be due to deficiency of platelet granules, arachidonic acid metabolism defects or platelet membrane glycoproteins abnormalities. In this study we intend to detect the incidence of platelet function defects in 76 patients with various types of chronic myeloproliferative disorders.