A novel replication initiation region encoded in a widespread Acinetobacter plasmid lineage carrying a blaNDM-1 gene.

The blaNDM-1 gene and its variants encode metallo-beta-lactamases that confer resistance to almost all beta-lactam antibiotics. Genes encoding blaNDM-1 and its variants can be found in several Acinetobacter species, and they are usually linked to two different plasmid clades. The plasmids in one of these clades contain a gene encoding a Rep protein of the Rep_3 superfamily.

High mortality in an outbreak of multidrug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii infection introduced to an oncological hospital by a patient transferred from a general hospital.

Objective: To describe the clinical features, outcomes, and molecular epidemiology of an outbreak of multidrug resistant (MDR) A. baumannii.

Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of all MDR A.

Structure and Evolution of Plasmids.

is an emergent bacterial pathogen that provokes many types of infections in hospitals around the world. The genome of this organism consists of a chromosome and plasmids. These plasmids vary over a wide size range and many of them have been linked to the acquisition of antibiotic-resistance genes.

Unexplored Genetic Diversity of Multidrug- and Extremely Drug-Resistant Isolates from Tertiary Hospitals in Honduras.

Although has become one of the most important nosocomial pathogens worldwide, very little is known about the genetic identity of isolates from less developed countries in Latin America. To alleviate this, we sequenced the genomes of 16 isolates from Honduras. Whole-genome sequencing was conducted on 16 isolates from five Honduran Hospitals.

Phylogenomics picks out the par excellence markers for species phylogeny in the genus .

Although genome sequencing has become a very promising approach to conduct microbial taxonomy, few labs have the resources to afford this especially when dealing with data sets of hundreds to thousands of isolates. The goal of this study was to identify the most adequate loci for inferring the phylogeny of the species within the genus ; with the idea that those who cannot afford whole genome sequencing can use these loci to carry out species assignation confidently. We retrieved 177 orthologous groups (OGs) by using a genome-based phylogeny and an average nucleotide identity analysis.

The Biological Role of the ζ Subunit as Unidirectional Inhibitor of the FF-ATPase of Paracoccus denitrificans.

The biological roles of the three natural FF-ATPase inhibitors, ε, ζ, and IF, on cell physiology remain controversial. The ζ subunit is a useful model for deletion studies since it mimics mitochondrial IF, but in the FF-ATPase of Paracoccus denitrificans (PdFF), it is a monogenic and supernumerary subunit. Here, we constructed a P.

Rapid Gene Turnover as a Significant Source of Genetic Variation in a Recently Seeded Population of a Healthcare-Associated Pathogen.

Genome sequencing has been useful to gain an understanding of bacterial evolution. It has been used for studying the phylogeography and/or the impact of mutation and recombination on bacterial populations. However, it has rarely been used to study gene turnover at microevolutionary scales.

Complete Genome Sequence of a -Producing Strain Isolated from a Mexican Hospital.

In this study, we present the complete genome sequence of a -producing strain, sampled from a Mexican hospital and not related to the international clones.

Mutations in an antisense RNA, involved in the replication control of a repABC plasmid, that disrupt plasmid incompatibility and mediate plasmid speciation.

The maintenance of large plasmid in a wide variety of alpha-proteobacteria depends on the repABC replication/segregation unit. The intergenic repB-repC region of these plasmids encodes a countertranscribed RNA (ctRNA) that modulates the transcription/translation rate of RepC, the initiator protein. The ctRNA acts as a strong incompatibility factor when expressed in trans.

RepA and RepB exert plasmid incompatibility repressing the transcription of the repABC operon.

Rhizobium etli CFN42 has a multipartite genome composed of one chromosome and six large plasmids with low copy numbers, all belonging to the repABC plasmid family. All elements essential for replication and segregation of these plasmids are encoded within the repABC operon. RepA and RepB direct plasmid segregation and are involved in the transcriptional regulation of the operon, and RepC is the initiator protein of the plasmid.

The repAC replication system of the Rhizobium leguminosarum pRL7 plasmid is functional: implications regarding the origin and evolution of repABC plasmids.

The repABC replication/partitioning systems are commonly found in alpha-proteobacteria plasmids and in secondary chromosomes. All of the elements required for their replication and stable maintenance are encoded within a single transcription unit: the repABC operon. The repC gene encodes an initiator protein, while RepA, RepB and centromere-like sequence (parS) direct plasmid segregation.