Leadership Programs for Academic Women: Building Self-Efficacy and Organizational Leadership Capacity.

Although numerous programs have evolved to develop leadership skills in women, few have conducted rigorous longitudinal evaluation of program outcomes. The purpose of this evaluation study is to measure the continuing impact of the Hedwig van Ameringen Executive Leadership in Academic Medicine (ELAM) program in its third decade of operation and to compare outcomes for graduates across the two programs (ELAM and Executive Leadership in Academic Technology, Engineering and Science [ELATES at Drexel]), using a revised Leadership Learning and Career Development (LLCD) Survey. The LLCD survey was administered to program graduates between 2013 and 2016 upon entry, immediately after graduation, and 2 years after program completion.