Whey Protein, Vitamins C and E Decrease Interleukin-10 in Chronic Hemodialysis Patients: A Pioneer, Randomized, Double-Blind Pilot Trial.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of supplementation with whey protein combined with vitamins C and E on inflammatory markers in hemodialysis (HD) patients.

Design And Methods: This was a pioneer, randomized and double-blinded study. Patients were randomized into two groups and stratified by HD frequency.

Vitamin C decreases reduced glutathione in chronic haemodialysis patients: a pilot, randomised, double-blind trial.

Purpose: Whey protein has antioxidant properties through its amino acid cysteine, which enhances the biosynthesis of glutathione, the most abundant antioxidant non-protein in mammalians. Glutathione influences vitamin C recycling and increases its protective effect on oxidative stress (OS). The aim of this study was to analyse the effect of whey protein and vitamin C supplementation on OS biomarkers in chronic haemodialysis (HD) patients.

Association of hyperhydration evaluated by bioelectrical impedance analysis and mortality in patients with different medical conditions: Systematic review and meta-analyses.

Background And Aims: Fluid retention is a risk factor for mortality in several medical conditions. However, the accurate and fast assessment of hydration status remains a challenge in the clinical practice. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) could be an alternative to assess volume status.

Diagnostic Accuracy of Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis Parameters for the Evaluation of Malnutrition in Patients Receiving Hemodialysis.

Background: In the absence of a gold standard technique for assessing nutrition status in patients receiving hemodialysis (HD), we aimed to determine the diagnostic accuracy of single-frequency (50 kHz) bioelectrical impedance analysis parameters, resistance/height (R/H), reactance/height (Xc/H), and impedance/height (Z/H), and their cutoff points for malnutrition.

Methods: The reference standards, Subjective Global Assessment (SGA), Malnutrition Inflammation Score, and Nutritional Risk Screening 2002, were performed at baseline and then once a year for 2 years. At least 2 assessments for each reference standard were performed during the monitoring period, and those patients who were assessed as malnourished on at least 2 consecutive occasions were classified as malnourished.