Piezo1-induced durotaxis of pancreatic stellate cells depends on TRPC1 and TRPV4 channels.

Pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) are primarily responsible for producing the stiff tumor tissue in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Thereby, PSCs generate a stiffness gradient between the healthy pancreas and the tumor. This gradient induces durotaxis, a form of directional cell migration driven by differential stiffness.

The STOP COVID 2 Study: Fluvoxamine vs Placebo for Outpatients With Symptomatic COVID-19, a Fully Remote Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Prior randomized clinical trials have reported benefit of fluvoxamine ≥200 mg/d vs placebo for patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).

Methods: This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, fully remote multisite clinical trial evaluated whether fluvoxamine prevents clinical deterioration in higher-risk outpatients with acute coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Between December 2020 and May 2021, nonhospitalized US and Canadian participants with confirmed symptomatic infection received fluvoxamine (50 mg on day 1, 100 mg twice daily thereafter) or placebo for 15 days.

Prospective Associations Between Anxiety Sensitivity, Distress Intolerance, Depressive Symptoms, and Indices of Alcohol and Cannabis Use Among Veterans.

Objective: There is substantial evidence linking anxiety sensitivity and distress intolerance to depressive symptoms, and further evidence linking depressive symptoms to alcohol and cannabis use. However, the prospective indirect associations of anxiety sensitivity and distress intolerance with alcohol and cannabis use through depressive symptoms remain uncertain. Thus, the current study examined whether depressive symptoms mediated the associations between anxiety sensitivity and distress intolerance with alcohol and cannabis use frequency, quantity, and problems in a longitudinal sample of veterans.

Cannabis demand and use among veterans: A prospective examination.

Objective: Cannabis demand (i.e., relative value), assessed cross-sectionally via a hypothetical marijuana purchase task (MPT), has been associated with use, problems, and dependence symptoms, among others.

A free boundary problem-in time-for the spread of Covid-19.

In this paper we deal with two aspects of the Covid epidemic. The first is a phase change during the epidemic. The empirical observation is that once a certain threshold of active infections is reached, the rate of infection is increasing significantly.

Combined Cognitive Training and Vortioxetine Mitigates Age-Related Declines in Functional Brain Network Integrity.

Objective: Age-related cognitive decline is common and potentially modifiable with cognitive training. Combining cognitive training with pro-cognitive medication offers an opportunity to modify brain networks to mitigate age-related cognitive decline. We tested the hypothesis that the efficacy of cognitive training could be amplified by combining it with vortioxetine, a pro-cognitive and pro-neuroplastic multimodal antidepressant.

The role of alcohol and cannabis co-use in drinking rate and its impact on consequences.

Background: The impact of alcohol and cannabis co-use on college student drinking and related outcomes is complex. Specific characteristics or patterns of co-use events beyond drinking quantity may be important to the experience of consequences. The present study used repeated daily surveys to examine the association between co-use (versus use of alcohol only) and drinking rate on negative consequences.

Event-level contextual predictors of high-intensity drinking events among young adults.

Background: Drinking events are characterized by social and physical contexts that are associated with level of alcohol consumption. Ecologically valid data is needed to delineate aspects of the drinking context that are most likely to precipitate excessive alcohol consumption.

Methods: We utilized event-level data from a longitudinal study that included repeated daily surveys administered in two 28-day bursts.

Longitudinal associations between impulsivity and alcohol and cannabis use frequency, quantity, and problems among military veterans.

Objective: Impulsivity is an established etiological risk factor for alcohol- and cannabis-related outcomes. However, limited work has focused on longitudinal associations between multiple trait impulsivity facets and indices of alcohol and cannabis use among military veterans-a contextually distinct population that evidence unique impulsive personality traits and substance use patterns.

Method: A structural equation model (SEM) examined longitudinal associations between five UPPS-P impulsivity facets measured at baseline and six indices of alcohol and cannabis use (i.

Unplanned versus planned simultaneous alcohol and cannabis use in the daily lives of a predominantly white college student sample: What are the motives, contexts, and outcomes?

Objective: Simultaneous alcohol and cannabis use is common among college students and associated with more consumption and consequences compared to single-substance use. This study examined occasions of simultaneous use and compared planned occasions to unplanned occasions with respect to motives, contexts, consumption, and consequences.

Method: College student simultaneous users ( = 341; 53% women; 74% White) completed five daily surveys for 54 days.

Changes in Cannabis Consumption Among College Students During COVID-19.

Objective: College campuses closed in March 2020 because of the COVID-19 pandemic, disrupting the lives of students. The goal of the present study was to examine whether cannabis use changed from before campus departures prompted by COVID-19 to after campus departures and after the semester ended--and if living situation explained observed changes. We also examined changes in specific formulations of cannabis and self-reported reasons for perceived changes in use frequency.

Real-time and next-morning correlates of subjective alcohol consequence evaluations.

Objective: There is considerable variation in how college student drinkers evaluate alcohol-related consequences across time and consequence type. Previous qualitative work suggested that students perceive consequences less negatively under certain circumstances (i.e.

Discussion of alcohol consequences during a brief motivational intervention session: Comparing those who do and do not increase readiness to change.

The present study was designed to take an inductive, qualitative approach to understanding how discussion of alcohol-related consequences during brief motivational interventions (BMI) relate to readiness to change (RTC) prior to versus at the end of a session. Participants were thirty-four adults (35% female) recruited from the emergency room and enrolled in a randomized clinical trial of a BMI for risky alcohol use and risky sex. Seventeen participants both began and remained low on RTC over the course of the session.

Forgoing plans for alcohol and cannabis use in daily life: Examining reasons for nonuse when use was planned in a predominantly white college student sample.

Background: The reasons for college students to abstain from alcohol and cannabis use on a given day can inform efforts to prevent or intervene in those behaviors. Research on reasons for alcohol nonuse remains in its nascent stages and no study to date has examined reasons for cannabis nonuse on a given day. Here we examine reasons for nonuse among college students after they planned to use alcohol and/or cannabis.

More Reasons, More Use and Problems? Examining the Influence of Number of Motives on Consumption and Consequences Across Alcohol-Only, Cannabis-Only, and Simultaneous-Use Days.

Objective: Alcohol and cannabis use as well as their simultaneous use are common among U.S. college students.

Joint Attention in the Context of Hearing Loss: A Meta-Analysis and Narrative Synthesis.

Joint attention is important for children's language development. We report two meta-analyses that demonstrate that the congruency in hearing status between parent and child affects the establishment and maintenance of joint attention. Dyads consisting of hearing parents and children with hearing loss, achieve fewer and briefer moments of joint attention in comparison to dyads of hearing parents and hearing children and dyads of deaf parents and deaf children.

Comprehensive measurement invariance of alcohol outcome expectancies among adolescents using regularized moderated nonlinear factor analysis.

Alcohol outcomes expectancies (AOEs) are robust predictors of alcohol initiation and escalation of drinking behavior among adolescents. Although measurement invariance is a prerequisite for inferring valid comparisons of AOEs across groups (e.g.

Real-world simultaneous alcohol and cannabis use: An ecological study of situational motives and social and physical contexts.

Objective: Given the adverse outcomes associated with simultaneous alcohol and marijuana (SAM) use, understanding factors that give rise to occasions of simultaneous use is critical. This study examines the relationships between situational motives and contexts and three situational outcomes: simultaneous alcohol and marijuana use (SAM) use versus cannabis-only use, number of cannabis uses, and subjective effects.

Method: Past-month SAM users ( = 341; 52% female; 75% White; 10% Latinx/Hispanic; age 18-24) from three U.

Individual and COVID-19-Specific Indicators of Compliance with Mask Use and Social Distancing: The Importance of Norms, Perceived Effectiveness, and State Response.

COVID-19 is a global pandemic that has resulted in widespread negative outcomes. Face masks and social distancing have been used to minimize its spread. Understanding who will engage in protective behaviors is crucial for continued response to the pandemic.

Understanding the motives, contexts, and consequences of unplanned versus planned drinking in daily life.

Objective: Problematic alcohol use among college students remains a public health concern; thus, there is a need to understand distinct drinking events, such as unplanned and planned drinking. The present study examined motives and social and physical contexts as correlates of unplanned and planned drinking to help inform prevention and intervention.

Method: College student alcohol and cannabis users ( = 341; 53% women) completed 56 days of data collection (two 28-day bursts) with five repeated daily surveys.

Signaling gradients in surface dynamics as basis for planarian regeneration.

Based on experimental data, we introduce and analyze a system of reaction-diffusion equations for the regeneration of planarian flatworms. We model dynamics of head and tail cells expressing positional control genes that translate into localized signals which in turn guide stem cell differentiation. Tissue orientation and positional information are encoded in a long range wnt-related signaling gradient.

Contextual influences on simultaneous alcohol and cannabis use in a predominately white sample of college students.

Simultaneous alcohol and cannabis (i.e., marijuana [SAM]) use is highly prevalent among young adults and college students and associated with a number of negative consequences compared to single substance use.