Treated Whipple disease with erythema nodosum leprosum-like lesions: cutaneous PAS-positive macrophages slowly decrease with time and are associated with lymphangiectases: a case report.

Pathologically, Whipple disease (WD) is characterized by the accumulation of myriad macrophages parasitized by Tropheryma whipplei (TW) bacilli denoted by periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) positivity. These PAS+ macrophages are typically found in the duodenum associated with lymphangiectasia. Recently, we reported the presence of PAS+ macrophages and free TW in erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL)-like lesions and normal skin in a patient with WD who suffered from the immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS).

Epidermodysplasia verruciformis-associated and genital-mucosal high-risk human papillomavirus DNA are prevalent in nevus sebaceus of Jadassohn.

Background: The hamartoma nevus sebaceus (NS) presents at birth or early childhood as a yellowish plaque characterized histologically by variable acanthosis, papillomatosis, sebaceus hyperplasia, and proliferations of adnexal structures. Clinically apparent human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is also recognized by acanthosis and papillomatosis.

Objective: We sought to determine the prevalence and physical state of HPV DNA in NS.

Epidermodysplasia verruciformis and cutaneous human papillomavirus DNA, but not genital human papillomavirus DNAs, are frequently detected in vulvar and vaginal melanoma.

Vulvovaginal melanomas are rare and their etiology is unknown. Genital mucosal human papillomavirus (HPV) 16 has been identified in both cutaneous and mucosal melanoma, suggesting that it might play a role in the pathogenesis or progression of melanoma. In this study, we investigated the prevalence of HPV DNA by using a broad spectrum of degenerate and type-specific primers for genital-mucosal, epidermodysplasia verruciformis-associated (EV), and cutaneous HPV types in 6 vulvar and 3 vaginal melanomas.

Adverse antibiotic-induced eruptions associated with epstein barr virus infection and showing Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease-like histology.

The antibiotic-induced eruption of infectious mononucleosis is a well-known clinical phenomenon. Latent viral infection with herpesviridae (eg, human herpes virus 6 (HHV-6) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)) is suspected to play a role in the drug hypersensitivity syndrome. The cutaneous pathologic findings have not been reported in the former, and are infrequently reported in the latter entity.

Varicella-zoster-virus folliculitis promoted clonal cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia.

Post herpes zoster (HZ) reactions have been associated with panoply of neoplastic, inflammatory, and fibro-inflammatory cutaneous disorders. Varicella zoster virus (VZV) DNA has not been identified in most of these reports. After an episode of HZ, a healthy, active 90-year-old female developed ulcerative nodules in the affected trigeminal V1 dermatome and the contra-lateral trigeminal region over a 1-year period.

Economic impact of community-acquired and nosocomial lower respiratory tract infections in young children in Germany.

Data on the economic burden of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) in young children are lacking in Germany. The objective of the cost-of-illness study was to estimate the economic impact of community-acquired LRTI and nosocomial LRTI as well as of infections due to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), parainfluenza viruses (PIV) and influenza viruses (IV). The economic analysis is part of the PRIDE study, a prospective, multi-centre, population-based epidemiological study on the impact of LRTI in children aged 0 to 36 months in Germany.

Prospective population-based study of viral lower respiratory tract infections in children under 3 years of age (the PRI.DE study).

Unlabelled: Population-based incidence data from Europe on the disease burden of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) due to respiratory syncytial viruses (RSV), parainfluenza viruses (PIV) and influenzaviruses (IV) are lacking, especially with respect to the disease burden. In a 2-year prospective multicentre study of children aged <3 years in Germany, we registered population-based cases as outpatients (n=2386), inpatients (n=2924), and nosocomially-acquired (n=141). Nasopharyngeal secretions were tested for viral RNA.

Latency and persistence of respiratory syncytial virus despite T cell immunity.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes bronchiolitis in infants, which is associated with recurrent wheezing in later childhood. There is mounting evidence that the virus becomes latent or persists in vivo, but little is known about the mechanisms of its latency, persistence, and immune evasion. We therefore infected BALB/c mice intranasally with human RSV, analyzed sequential tissue samples by direct culture and polymerase chain reaction for viral and messenger RNA, and monitored antiviral immune responses.

Identification of human papillomavirus DNA in cutaneous lesions of Cowden syndrome.

Background: Cowden syndrome (CS) or multiple hamartoma syndrome is a cancer-associated genodermatosis inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern. One of the diagnostic criteria is facial papules which are felt to be trichilemmomas, benign hair follicle tumors, which some consider to be induced by human papillomavirus (HPV).

Objective: To search for HPV in skin tumors, especially trichilemmomas, from patients with CS.

Vulvar malignant melanoma associated with human papillomavirus DNA: report of two cases and review of literature.

Oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) types such as HPV 16 are known to play a crucial role in the development of anogenital carcinomas. The etiology of anogenital malignant melanoma is unknown. We report two case of vulvar malignant melanoma in which multiple HPV types including HPV 16 and putative novel HPV types (alb-1, alb-2, alb-7, and alb-10) were identified by degenerated nested polymerase chain techniques (polymerase chain reaction) in both the malignant melanoma and surrounding skin.