Interventions to Mitigate the Impact of COVID-19 Among People Experiencing Sheltered Homelessness: Chicago, Illinois, March 1, 2020-May 11, 2023.

To compare the incidence, case-hospitalization rates, and vaccination rates of COVID-19 between people experiencing sheltered homelessness (PESH) and the broader community in Chicago, Illinois, and describe the impact of a whole community approach to disease mitigation during the public health emergency. Incidence of COVID-19 among PESH was compared with community-wide incidence using case-based surveillance data from March 1, 2020, to May 11, 2023. Seven-day rolling means of COVID-19 incidence were assessed for the overall study period and for each of 6 distinct waves of COVID-19 transmission.

Antibiotic use and class absenteeism in children with influenza-like-illness in an emergency department.

Background: Children with influenza-like-illness (ILI) often require clinician clearance or antibiotics to return to child care or school. Study objectives were to examine the association between antibiotic receipt during an Emergency Department (ED) visit for ILI and the outcomes of class absenteeism and illness duration.

Methods: A secondary analysis of 251 children aged 2 months to 12 years with uncomplicated ILI discharged from the ED from December 1, 2018 to November 30, 2019 was conducted.

Implementation of a Mental Health Nursing Practicum in an Urban Homeless Shelter.

Background: People experiencing homelessness suffer from deficient access to health care and disproportionately poor health outcomes. The American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) maintains learning competencies for prelicensure nursing students. Shelters are rich environments for students to garner experiences with the inequities plaguing our health care system and to fulfill AACN competencies.

Clinical Utility of Repeat Magnetic Resonance Imaging Studies Among Children With Acute Hematogenous Osteomyelitis.

Background And Objectives: There is limited guidance for whether repeat magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies are clinically impactful among children with acute hematogenous osteomyelitis (AHO) who fail to improve as expected. This study aimed to determine whether repeat MRIs changed management among children with AHO and identify clinical characteristics predictive of which patients benefit from repeat MRIs.

Methods: Children admitted to a quaternary care pediatric hospital with AHO were identified during a 9-year period.

Factors Associated with Inhaled Bronchodilator and Oral Corticosteroid Use in Young Children with First Lower Respiratory Tract Infection.

Objectives: To examine factors associated with claims for and potential overuse of inhaled bronchodilators (IBs) and oral corticosteroids (OCSs) for children <2 years old at first lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs).

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study using Colorado All Payer Claims data from 2009 through 2019. Children with asthma were excluded.

Factors Associated With Mortality and Hospice Use Among Medicare Beneficiaries With Heart Failure Who Received Home Health Services.

Background: Although many Medicare beneficiaries with heart failure (HF) are discharged with home health services, little is known about mortality rates and hospice use in this group.

Objectives: To identify risk factors for 6-month mortality and hospice use among patients hospitalized due to HF who receive home health care, which could inform efforts to improve palliative and hospice use for these patients.

Methods: A retrospective cohort analysis was conducted in a 100% national sample of Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries with HF who were discharged to home health care between 2017 and 2018.

A novel administrative structure supporting academic nursing practice-based scholarship.

Background: Practice-based scholarship (PBS) is critical for advancing nursing science, and for changing and saving lives.

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to share two major initiatives implemented at a Midwest College of Nursing (CON) to improve support for PBS.

Methods: The CON's Office of Research and Scholarship and Office of Faculty Practice were strategically redesigned to integrate and support practice scholarship across the CON.

The COVID-19 Pandemic and Parental Attitudes Toward Routine Childhood Vaccines.

Background And Objectives: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic may have impacted parental attitudes toward childhood vaccines. However, few data sources followed attitudes before and after onset of the pandemic. We used data from a parental survey to describe the effect of the pandemic on parental attitudes toward childhood vaccines.

Planned Out-of-Hospital Birth as a Risk Factor for Nonreceipt of Hepatitis B Immunization.

Background: The hepatitis B vaccine (HBV) is recommended at birth to prevent perinatal hepatitis B transmission; however, many newborns still do not receive HBV. The extent to which planned out-of-hospital births, which have increased over the past decade, are associated with nonreceipt of the HBV birth dose is unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine whether a planned out-of-hospital birth location is associated with the nonreceipt of the HBV birth dose.

A WIC-Based Behavior Change Intervention for Postpartum Women With Overweight and Obesity: A Pilot Feasibility Randomized Trial.

. Postpartum weight retention is a risk factor for obesity and is particularly important among Hispanic women who have an increased rate of obesity. Given its broad reach, the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) program provides an ideal setting to implement community-based interventions for low-income postpartum women.

Development and Validation of an Operational Model for Nursing Academic-Practice Partnerships.

Background: Several definitions and guiding principles for nursing academic-practice partnerships exist.

Problem: There remains a gap between academic-practice partnership definitions and practical operational models, thereby limiting schools of nursing ability to engage in productive partnerships. This article describes the development and validation of a novel Operational Model for Nursing Academic-Practice Partnerships.

Collaborating to Advance Health Equity for Families with Newborns Through Public-Private Partnerships.

This paper describes a health equity-focused partnership between an academic health center and a large metro public health department aimed at improving health care delivery in the postpartum period to reduce maternal-infant mortality. We describe our experience launching Family Connects Chicago at one of four Chicago pilot hospitals across the planning, implementation, and evaluation phases. Key sustainability factors are discussed including cooperative data-sharing, shared funding mechanisms, ongoing engagement strategies across teams, shared leadership, and interprofessional collaboration models.

SARS-CoV-2 infection in children evaluated in an ambulatory setting during Delta and Omicron time periods.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants and re-emergence of other respiratory viruses highlight the need to understand the presentation of and factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 in pediatric populations over time. The objective of this study was to evaluate the sociodemographic characteristics, symptoms, and epidemiological risk factors associated with ambulatory SARS-CoV-2 infection in children and determine if factors differ by variant type. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of outpatient children undergoing SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction testing between November 2020 and January 2022.

Antibiotic use and outcomes among children hospitalized with suspected pneumonia.

Background: Although viral etiologies predominate, antibiotics are frequently prescribed for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).

Objective: We evaluated the association between antibiotic use and outcomes among children hospitalized with suspected CAP.

Designs, Settings And Participants: We performed a secondary analysis of a prospective cohort of children hospitalized with suspected CAP.

Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Academic-Practice Partnerships: Implications for Nursing Education.

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic affected academic-practice partnerships in multiple ways. This article examines how the pandemic affected partnerships at one college of nursing.

Method: A survey on the effects of COVID-19 on academic-practice partnerships was sent to all faculty ( = 228).

Vital sign predictors of severe influenza among children in an emergent care setting.

Background: Decisions regarding the evaluation of children with influenza infection rely on the likelihood of severe disease. The role of early vital signs as predictors of severe influenza infection in children is not well known. Our objectives were to determine the value of vital signs in predicting hospitalization/recurrent emergency department (ED) visits due to influenza infection in children.

Factors Associated With Antibiotic Use for Children Hospitalized With Pneumonia.

Background: Antibiotics are frequently used for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), although viral etiologies predominate. We sought to determine factors associated with antibiotic use among children hospitalized with suspected CAP.

Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study of children who presented to the emergency department (ED) and were hospitalized for suspected CAP.

Postoperative pulmonary complications with adjuvant regional anesthesia versus general anesthesia alone: a sub-analysis of the Perioperative Research Network study.

Background: Adjuvant regional anesthesia is often selected for patients or procedures with high risk of pulmonary complications after general anesthesia. The benefit of adjuvant regional anesthesia to reduce postoperative pulmonary complications remains uncertain. In a prospective observational multicenter study, patients scheduled for non-cardiothoracic surgery with at least one postoperative pulmonary complication surprisingly received adjuvant regional anesthesia more frequently than those with no complications.

Leveraging a Successful Faculty Practice Model to Recruit and Retain Early-Career Nurse Faculty.

Background: The shortage of nursing faculty is well documented as are the challenges of attracting and retaining early-career faculty, in part, due to difficulties transitioning expert clinicians into faculty roles.

Problem: There is little guidance in the literature describing successful formal transition models.

Approach: An urban College of Nursing Faculty Practice (CON FP) underwent an operational redesign beginning in 2014, resulting in an intentional success: a pipeline for attracting and developing early-career faculty.

Barriers and Motivators for Smoking Cessation Among Caregivers of Inpatient Pediatric Patients.

Objective: To examine perceived barriers and motivators for smoking cessation among caregivers of inpatient pediatric patients.

Methods: From December 2014 to June 2018, trained tobacco counselors conducted motivational interviews (MI) with caregivers of inpatient pediatric patients ages 0 to 17, who participated in the intervention arm of a smoking cessation randomized controlled trial. By using NVivo 12 software, the first MI session with each caregiver was evaluated by 3 individuals to identify and categorize motivators and barriers; agreement among reviewers was reached.

Procalcitonin Use: Variation Across Hospitals and Trends Over Time.

Objectives: Procalcitonin (PCT) is a relatively novel biomarker that may be superior to C-reactive protein (CRP) in identifying bacterial infection. PCT use in pediatric hospitals is relatively unknown. We aimed to evaluate PCT and CRP use, describe PCT testing variability across children's hospitals, and compare temporal rates of PCT and CRP testing for patients admitted with pneumonia, sepsis, or fever in young infants.

Intervening With Smoking Parents of Inpatients to Reduce Exposure: The INSPIRE Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Hospitalized children have high rates of tobacco smoke exposure; parents who smoke may be receptive to interventions during their child's hospitalization.

Objective: We tested the efficacy of a smoking cessation intervention for parents of hospitalized children.

Methods: We conducted a randomized, single-blind clinical trial from 12/14-5/18 at the Children's Hospital Colorado.