gene of unknown function Gohir.A02G161000 encodes a potential transmembrane Root UVB Sensitive 4 Protein with a putative protein-protein interaction interface.

A gene of unknown function, Gohir.A02G161000.1, identified in was studied using computational sequence and structure bioinformatics tools.

gene of unknown function Gohir.A03G0737001 encodes a potential Chaperone-like Protein of protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase (CPP1).

A gene of unknown function identified in , Gohir.A03G0737001.1, was studied using sequence and bioinformatic tools.

gene of unknown function Gohir.A03G007700.1 encodes a potential VAN3-binding protein with a phosphoinositide-binding site.

A gene of unknown function, Gohir.A03G007700.1 (gene ID: Gohir.

From classroom to clinic: Biochemistry lab for pre-health majors.

Undergraduate laboratory courses are vital for both enhancing student learning and preparing students for their future careers. Despite their importance, laboratory courses are often met with a lack of enthusiasm from students. For pre-health students specifically, laboratory courses are commonly seen as part of a check-list that needs to be completed in order to achieve future education or a career, instead of seeing the information that is taught in laboratories as essential preparation.

An Autocrine Role for CXCL1 in Progression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Background: One of the most prevalent causes of cancer fatalities is hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which has been linked to metabolic syndrome. Circulating levels of the saturated fatty acid palmitate are elevated in metabolic syndrome and lead to cellular stress.

Materials And Methods: Using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, flow cytometry, and migration assays, we characterized the response of rat hepatoma cells to palmitate treatment.

iCURE (iterative course-based undergraduate research experience): A case-study.

Several models suggest ways to expose undergraduates at minority serving institutions or institutions with limited research infrastructures to the iterative process of research. Apprentice-based research experiences allow students to work one-on-one with a research mentor in the hands-on discovery process, but with teaching being a priority for faculty at the aforementioned institutions, financial, spatial, and time limitations for research progress exist. Course-based undergraduate research experiences (CUREs) provide opportunities for a greater number of undergraduates to become familiar with the questions, techniques, and failure involved in research.

Decreasing Phosphatidylcholine on the Surface of the Lipid Droplet Correlates with Altered Protein Binding and Steatosis.

Alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD) is characterized by an abnormal accumulation of lipid droplets (LDs) in the liver. Here, we explore the composition of hepatic LDs in a rat model of AFLD. Five to seven weeks of alcohol consumption led to significant increases in hepatic triglyceride mass, along with increases in LD number and size.

Normalized neutral lipid quantitation by flow cytometry.

Interest in measuring tissue lipids has increased as the link between fat-laden tissues and metabolic disease has become obvious; however, linking disease to a specific cell type within a tissue has been hampered by methodological limitations. Flow cytometry (FC) has been used to assess relative lipid levels in cells. Unfortunately, its usefulness is limited because comparisons between samples generated over several hours is problematic.

IL-38 binds to the IL-36 receptor and has biological effects on immune cells similar to IL-36 receptor antagonist.

The functional role of IL-1 family member 10, recently renamed IL-38, remains unknown. In the present study we aimed to elucidate the biological function of IL-38 and to identify its receptor. Heat-killed Candida albicans was used to stimulate memory T-lymphocyte cytokine production in freshly obtained human peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy subjects.

Mlx is the functional heteromeric partner of the carbohydrate response element-binding protein in glucose regulation of lipogenic enzyme genes.

The expression of genes encoding enzymes involved in de novo triglyceride synthesis (lipogenesis) is transcriptionally induced in the liver in response to increased glucose metabolism. The carbohydrate response element-binding protein (ChREBP) is a newly identified basic helix-loop-helix/leucine zipper transcription factor proposed to regulate the expression of the glucose-responsive gene pyruvate kinase. This gene contains a carbohydrate response element (ChoRE) consisting of two E box motifs separated by 5 bp that is necessary and sufficient for glucose regulation.

A potential role for fructose-2,6-bisphosphate in the stimulation of hepatic glucokinase gene expression.

The effects of fructose-2,6-bisphosphate (F-2,6-P(2)) on hepatic glucokinase (GK) and glucose-6-phosphatase (G-6-Pase) gene expression were investigated in streptozotocin-treated mice, which exhibited undetectable levels of insulin. Hepatic F-2,6-P(2) levels were manipulated by adenovirus-mediated overexpression of 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase. Streptozotocin treatment alone or with infusion of control adenovirus leads to a dramatic decrease in hepatic F-2,6-P(2) content compared with normal nondiabetic mice.

The role of SREBP-1c in nutritional regulation of lipogenic enzyme gene expression.

A high carbohydrate diet up-regulates the transcription of enzymes of triglyceride biosynthesis (lipogenesis) in the mammalian liver. This treatment stimulates hepatic insulin signaling, leading to transcription of sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c). SREBP-1c has been implicated as a major factor that up-regulates lipogenic genes in response to carbohydrate feeding.