COVID-19 Incidence and Disease Course Among Patients at an Allergy Department.

Background: Since the coronavirus pandemic in 2020, there is not much reported about the disease course of COVID-19 in patients with allergic diseases.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the cumulative incidence and severity of COVID-19 among patients from the allergy department compared with the general Dutch population and people from their household.

Design: We conducted a comparative longitudinal cohort study.

Evaluation of Protective Efficacy When Combining Turkey Herpesvirus-Vector Vaccines.

Turkey herpesvirus (HVT) is widely used as a vaccine against Marek's disease in chickens and recently as a vector for foreign genes from infectious bursal disease virus, Newcastle disease (ND) virus, infectious laryngotracheitis (ILT) virus, and avian influenza virus. Advantages of HVT-vector vaccines are that the vaccines do not contain live respiratory viruses or live infectious bursal disease virus able to replicate and cause disease or embryo mortality, they can be administered at hatch or , and they are relatively insensitive to interference from maternally derived antibodies. As producers have tried to combine HVT-vector vaccines to protect against additional diseases, reports have indicated that applying two vectored vaccines using the same HVT vector is reported to reduce the efficacy of one or both vaccines.

Repeatability of Three-Dimensional Computed Tomographic Volumetric Measurement of Lumbosacral Intervertebral Foramina in German Shepherd Dogs.

Objectives:  This article determines the repeatability of a recently reported method of volumetric measurement of the lateral intervertebral neurovascular foramina at the lumbosacral junction in German shepherd dogs.

Materials And Methods:  Batch files including the intervertebral neurovascular foramina were derived from previously obtained computed tomography studies of the extended lumbosacral junction of 20 German shepherd dogs and converted into volume datasets. Three observers independently performed five measurements of the left and right lumbosacral intervertebral neurovascular foramina in each dog, using an Extended Brilliance Workstation (Phillips, The Netherlands) to generate a volume of the lumbosacral intervertebral foramina in cubic millimetres, as described by Worth and colleagues in 2017.

Evaluation of the rostral projection of the sacral lamina as a component of degenerative lumbosacral stenosis in German shepherd dogs.

Objective: To determine the association between a greater rostral projection of the sacral lamina and clinical signs of cauda equina syndrome (CES) in German shepherd dogs (GSD) with presumptive degenerative lumbosacral disease (DLSS).

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Sample Population: One hundred forty-three GSD (125 police dogs and 18 pet dogs) presenting for either CES or prebreeding evaluation.

Medium-Term Outcome and CT Assessment of Lateral Foraminotomy at the Lumbosacral Junction in Dogs with Degenerative Lumbosacral Stenosis.

Objective:  This article aims to report the medium-term clinical outcome and assess persistence of enlargement of the lumbosacral lateral intervertebral neurovascular foramen using computed tomography (CT) volumetric analysis in dogs following lateral foraminotomy.

Materials:  Six dogs that underwent lumbosacral lateral foraminotomy on one or both sides were evaluated with CT prior to, immediately postoperatively ( = 2) and at 12 to 44 months of follow-up. Five out of six dogs had successful clinical outcomes with alleviation of pain and increased levels of activity, according to subjective assessment.

Computed tomographic evaluation of dynamic alteration of the canine lumbosacral intervertebral neurovascular foramina.

Objective: To develop a computed tomographic (CT) method to measure the volume of the lumbosacral intervertebral neurovascular foramina (IVF) in dogs, and determine the effect of the range of motion of the lumbosacral (LS) junction on this measurement in German shepherd dogs (GSDs) with degenerative lumbosacral stenosis (DLSS) compared to unaffected controls.

Study Design: In vivo analysis and retrospective case series.

Sample Population: Twenty-four working Police GSDs, 12 diagnosed with DLSS and 12 unaffected by DLSS were compared to 10 Greyhounds without DLSS.

Effect of dorsal laminectomy and dorsal annulectomy with partial lumbosacral discectomy on the volume of the lateral intervertebral neuroforamina in dogs when the lumbosacral junction is extended.

Objective: To determine the effect of dorsal annulectomy and partial discectomy on the volume of the lumbosacral lateral intervertebral neurovascular foramina (intervertebral foramina) in canine cadavers during extension of the lumbosacral junction.

Study Design: Ex vivo experiment.

Sample Population: Lumbosacral specimens from 10 large breed dogs euthanatized for reasons unrelated to lumbosacral disease.

ACCURACY OF RADIOGRAPHIC DETECTION OF THE CRANIAL MARGIN OF THE DORSAL LAMINA OF THE CANINE SACRUM.

An elongated sacral lamina has been described as one of the contributing factors for dogs with cauda equina syndrome due to degenerative lumbosacral stenosis (DLSS); however, published evidence is lacking on the accuracy of radiographic screening for the presence of this lesion. Objectives of this prospective, cross-sectional cadaver study were to describe the accuracy and repeatability of detection of the cranial sacral lamina margin on plain lateral radiographs of the lumbosacral junction in dogs. Twenty-five medium and large breed canine cadavers were radiographed before and after placement of a radiopaque hook in the cranial margin of the sacral lamina.

Temperature-Sensitive Salmonella enterica Serovar Enteritidis PT13a Expressing Essential Proteins of Psychrophilic Bacteria.

Synthetic genes based on deduced amino acid sequences of the NAD-dependent DNA ligase (ligA) and CTP synthetase (pyrG) of psychrophilic bacteria were substituted for their native homologues in the genome of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis phage type 13a (PT13a). The resulting strains were rendered temperature sensitive (TS) and did not revert to temperature resistance at a detectable level. At permissive temperatures, TS strains grew like the parental strain in broth medium and in macrophage-like cells, but their growth was slowed or stopped when they were shifted to a restrictive temperature.

Computed tomographic method for measurement of inclination angles and motion of the sacroiliac joints in German Shepherd Dogs and Greyhounds.

Objective: To develop an in vivo CT method to measure inclination angles and motion of the sacroiliac joints in dogs of performance breeds.

Animals: 10 German Shepherd Dogs and 12 Greyhounds without signs of lumbosacral region pain or neurologic problems.

Procedures: CT of the ilium and sacrum was performed in flexed, neutral, and extended hind limb positions.

Comparison between a novel bovine xenoimplant and autogenous cancellous bone graft in tibial tuberosity advancement.

Objective: To compare radiographic healing and clinical outcome of a frontal-opening wedge osteotomy of canine tibiae when the osteotomy site is packed with either a novel bovine xenograft or standard autogenous cancellous bone graft (ACBG).

Study Design: Cohort study.

Animals: Dogs (n = 82) with partial or complete rupture of the cranial cruciate ligament that had tibial tuberosity advancement (TTA).

Bilateral carpal valgus deformity in hand-reared cheetah cubs (Acinonyx jubatus).

Four hand-reared cheetah cubs (Acinonyx jubatus) exhibited progressively severe bilateral valgus deformity of the carpi (CV) during the weaning period. Radiographs of the thoracic limbs suggested normal bone ossification, and serum chemistry was unremarkable. All affected cubs developed CV shortly after the onset of gastroenteritis, which was treated medically, and included use of a prescription diet.