Real-life Data on Cefiderocol Efficacy and Safety to Treat Multidrug-Resistant Infections.

Background: The objective of this study was to expand data on cefiderocol efficacy to treat multidrug-resistant infections.

Methods: This was a retrospective monocentric study including patients hospitalized (>24 hours) at Policlinico Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy, between May 1, 2021, and September 1, 2022, treated with cefiderocol (>48 hours). The primary objective was early clinical improvement at 48-72 hours from cefiderocol start; secondary objectives were clinical success (composite outcome of infection resolution and 14-day survival), breakthrough infection, overall 30-day mortality, and cefiderocol-related adverse events.

Daptomycin-Induced Eosinophilic Pneumonia: A Case Report and Systematic Review.

Introduction: Acute eosinophilic pneumonia (AEP) is a rare respiratory condition caused by eosinophil accumulation in the pulmonary tissue that can be related to drug administration. Daptomycin, an antibiotic active against gram-positive bacteria, is one of the leading causes of AEP among drugs. In order to raise awareness of this rare syndrome, in our work we have described a case of an 82-year-old male with Enterococcus faecalis endocarditis treated with daptomycin, who developed a daptomycin-induced AEP.

Admission eGFR predicts in-hospital mortality independently of admission glycemia and C-peptide in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and COVID-19.

Objective: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and impaired kidney function are associated with a higher risk of poor outcomes of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We conducted a retrospective study in hospitalized T2DM patients with COVID-19 to assess the association between in-hospital mortality and admission values of different hematological/biochemical parameters, including estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), plasma glucose and C-peptide (the latter serving as a marker of beta-cell function).

Methods: The study included T2DM patients with confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection who were consecutively admitted to our Institution between 1 October 2020 and 1 April 2021.

Validation of the T-Lymphocyte Subset Index (TLSI) as a Score to Predict Mortality in Unvaccinated Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients.

Lymphopenia has been consistently reported as associated with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Several studies have described a profound decline in all T-cell subtypes in hospitalized patients with severe and critical COVID-19. The aim of this study was to assess the role of T-lymphocyte subset absolute counts measured at ward admission in predicting 30-day mortality in COVID-19 hospitalized patients, validating a new prognostic score, the T-Lymphocyte Subset Index (TLSI, range 0−2), based on the number of T-cell subset (CD4+ and CD8+) absolute counts that are below prespecified cutoffs.

Hepatitis B-Related Hepatic Flare During Immune Reconstitution Syndrome After Antiretroviral Treatment Initiation in an HBV Surface Antigen-Positive Patient With HIV: Viroimmunological and Histological Characterization.

HIV and hepatitis B virus (HBV) coinfection is relatively common. Initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in people with HIV (PWH) causes a progressive restoration of cell-mediated immune functions. In the presence of overt or occult coinfections, immune restoration might lead to immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS).