Altered sleep and inflammation are related to outcomes in neonatal encephalopathy.

Aim: Immune dysregulation and delayed onset of sleep wake cycling (SWC) are associated with worse outcome in neonatal encephalopathy (NE), however the association between sleep and immune dysfunction in NE remains unclear. Aimed to evaluate association of sleep and systemic inflammation with outcomes in NE.

Methods: Amplitude-integrated electroencephalography (aEEG) recordings were collected on infants undergoing therapeutic hypothermia (TH).

Umbilical Venous Catheter Position: The Value of Acquiring a Lateral in Addition to a Frontal Chest Radiograph.

Introduction Umbilical venous catheters (UVCs) are standardly used for central venous access in acutely sick neonates. Complications associated with UVCs include thrombosis, infection, diffuse intravascular coagulopathy, arrhythmia, tamponade, and liver injury, many of which are related to misplacement of the catheters. Therefore, this study aimed to institute a policy of obtaining lateral and frontal radiographs to improve the determination of the UVC position.

Surgical Dilemma: Exomphalos Major with Accessory Liver Lobe and Congenital Liver Cysts.

The association of exomphalos major, congenital liver cysts, and an accessory lobe of the liver is very rare. There are only two previously reported cases in the literature, both describing surgical excision of the accessory lobe with liver cysts during primary closure of the exomphalos defect. We report a case of this rare association, managed by delayed primary closure, where the cysts underwent spontaneous regression.

Impact on the incidence of suspected physical abuse in children under 24 months of age during a global pandemic: A multi-centre Irish regional retrospective cross-sectional analysis.

Objectives: The advent of the COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in periods of nationwide restrictions in Ireland including school and workplace closures. The authors hypothesised that this disruption to society may have led to a change in patterns of suspected physical abuse (SPA) presentations to the paediatric emergency department (ED), whilst ED attendance fell dramatically during the period. We reviewed data to determine whether there was an increase in presentations of SPA during periods of social restrictions.

Relationship Between MRI Scoring Systems and Neurodevelopmental Outcome at Two Years in Infants With Neonatal Encephalopathy.

Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scoring systems are used in the neonatal period to predict outcome in infants with neonatal encephalopathy. Our aim was to assess the relationship between three MRI scores and neurodevelopmental outcome assessed using Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, third edition (Bayley-III), at two years in infants with neonatal encephalopathy.

Methods: Term-born neonates with evidence of perinatal asphyxia born between 2011 and 2015 were retrospectively reviewed.

Langerhans cell histiocytosis in children under 12 months of age: The spectrum of imaging and clinical findings: Experience in an Irish tertiary referral centre.

Objectives: Langerhans cell histiocytosis is an uncommon condition and it is unusual for it to present in children under one year of age. Our aim is to review the clinical presentation, and present the radiologic findings and clinical outcome in this particular cohort of patients and determine how this differs from the imaging features of older children presenting with LCH.

Materials And Methods: A database of 17 patients with LCH who presented between 0 and 12 months of age was retrospectively reviewed.

Caput membranaceum: A novel clinical presentation of ZIC1 related skull malformation and craniosynostosis.

We report clinical and radiological features of a patient born with an isolated skull malformation of caput membranaceum and partial bicoronal craniosynostosis with a novel, de novo heterozygous missense variant in ZIC1 [NM_003412.3:c.1183C>G, p.

The questionable efficacy of manualized psychological treatments for distressed breast cancer patients: An individual patient data meta-analysis.

Previous meta-analyses conclude that psychological treatments are efficacious for emotional distress in breast cancer (BCa). However, the practical relevance of these meta-analyses is questionable; none focused specifically on clinically distressed patients or whether treatment effects were clinically significant. In a two-stage individual patient data (IPD) meta-analysis of 17 randomized controlled trials of manualized psychological treatments in BCa, we evaluated treatment efficacy in distressed BCa patients (n = 1591) using clinical significance and effect size analyses.

Diffusion tensor imaging in neonatal encephalopathy: a systematic review.

Background And Objective: Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) during the first few days of life can be used to assess brain injury in neonates with neonatal encephalopathy (NE) for outcome prediction. The goal of this review was to identify specific white matter tracts of interest that can be quantified by DTI as being altered in neonates with this condition, and to investigate its potential prognostic ability.

Methods: Searches of Medline and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were conducted to identify studies with diffusion data collected in term-born neonates with NE.

Qualitative Evaluation of Cancer Survivors' Experiences of Metacognitive Therapy: A New Perspective on Psychotherapy in Cancer Care.

Background: Preliminary evidence suggests that metacognitive therapy (MCT), a brief, process-focused psychological intervention, alleviates distress in cancer survivors. In a longitudinal qualitative study nested in an open trial of MCT for cancer survivors, we explored how patients understood, experienced and applied MCT.

Methods: Patients received six MCT sessions.

Brief Metacognitive Therapy for Emotional Distress in Adult Cancer Survivors.

Adult cancer survivors often experience substantial psychological morbidity following the completion of acute cancer treatment. Unfortunately, current psychological interventions are of limited efficacy. This study explored if metacognitive therapy (MCT); a brief transdiagnostic psychological intervention was potentially efficacious and could be delivered effectively to adult cancer survivors with psychological morbidity.

A review of filamin A mutations and associated interstitial lung disease.

The filamin A gene (FLNA) on Xq28 encodes the filamin A protein. Mutation in FLNA causes a wide spectrum of disease including skeletal dysplasia, neuronal migration abnormality, cardiovascular malformation, intellectual disability and intestinal obstruction. Recently, childhood-onset interstitial lung disease associated with a range of FLNA mutations has been recognised and reported.

Predictors of emotional distress a year or more after diagnosis of cancer: A systematic review of the literature.

Objective: Why some people recover emotionally after diagnosis and treatment of cancer and others do not is poorly understood. To identify factors around the time of diagnosis that predict longer-term distress is a necessary step in developing interventions to reduce patients' vulnerability. This review identified the demographic, clinical, social, and psychological factors available at or within 3 months of diagnosis that are reliable predictors of emotional distress at least 12 months later.

Metacognitive Therapy for Emotional Distress in Adult Cancer Survivors: A Case Series.

Many adult cancer survivors experience persistent emotional distress after completing cancer treatment. The aim of this study was to test the potential of a brief transdiagnostic psychological intervention-metacognitive therapy (MCT)-in reducing emotional distress in adult cancer survivors. A non-concurrent multiple baseline design with 3- and 6-months follow-up was used to evaluate the effects of MCT in four patients consecutively referred to a psycho-oncology service.

Natural history of untreated syringomyelia in pediatric patients.

Object: The natural history of syringomyelia in pediatric patients remains uncertain. Although symptomatic and operative cases of syringomyelia are well studied, there are fewer articles in the literature on the nonoperative syrinx and its clinical and radiological course. The purpose of this research was to analyze the natural history of untreated syringomyelia in pediatric patients presenting with minimal neurological symptoms.

Diffusion-weighted imaging and pathological correlation in pediatric medulloblastomas-"They are not always restricted!".

Introduction: Some investigators have suggested that medulloblastomas can be distinguished from other cerebellar neoplasms by demonstrating "restricted diffusion" on the Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) map obtained from diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) sequences on magnetic resonance imaging. Previous authors have postulated that this observed restricted diffusion is a reflection of very high cell density. There has been a tendency to assert that pediatric medulloblastoma uniformly demonstrates restricted diffusion on DWI.

The effect of surgical timing on operative duration and quality of reduction in Type III supracondylar humeral fractures in children.

Purpose: To determine the influence of the time from injury to surgery of Type III supracondylar fractures on operative duration and quality of reduction.

Methods: A retrospective review of Type III supracondylar fractures treated by closed reduction and percutaneous pinning over a 3-year period was performed.

Results: The subjects were divided into two groups based on the time from injury to surgery (IST): Group 1 (<8 h) 48 subjects and Group 2 (>8 h) 39 subjects.

Microfibrillar collagen hemostat-induced necrotizing granulomatous inflammation developing after craniotomy: a pediatric case series.

Object: Microfibrillar collagen hemostat (MCH; trade name Avitene) is a partially water-insoluble acid salt of purified bovine corium collagen. This agent has been widely used to control hemorrhage at surgery, and especially during pediatric neurosurgeries at the authors' institution. Despite its effectiveness, rare case reports detailing adverse inflammatory reactions to MCH have been documented.

Sexual health risk among dance drug users: cross-sectional comparisons with nationally representative data.

Aims: To describe the sexual behaviour and related risk of a sample of dance drug users and compare this with data from the UK National Survey of Sexual Attitudes and Lifestyles 2000 survey.

Methods: Cross-sectional purposive sampling using both self-completion postal and web-based questionnaires.

Findings: This sample of dance drug users are more sexually active and have more concurrent partners than the general population.

Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma as a second malignancy following multimodal therapy for advanced-stage neuroblastoma.

Second malignancy as a long-term complication in survivors of advanced-stage neuroblastoma is rare, but it is becoming recognized more frequently. We report an unusual case of a soft-tissue sarcoma developing within a retroperitoneal primary following previous extensive treatment for metastatic neuroblastoma using multimodality imaging including PET/CT.

Reading, language and memory skills: a comparative longitudinal study of children with Down syndrome and their mainstream peers.

Background: Many of today's young adults with Down syndrome never had the opportunity to learn to read. However, an increasing number of children with Down syndrome are currently attending mainstream schools and being taught to read. As a consequence, it is now possible to systematically study reading development in children with Down syndrome.

Patients' experience of cancer: evidence of the role of 'fighting' in collusive clinical communication.

Clinical communication with patients with cancer should be based on an accurate understanding of psychological responses to cancer, but existing assumptions about these responses may not be accurate. Male and female ambulant patients (N = 30) provided a sample that varied in type, stage and prognosis of cancer. Interviews about their experience of cancer were audio-recorded and analysed qualitatively.