Infrared thermography for normal endothelial function screening.

Background: Endothelial dysfunction (ED) suspicion will allow to prevent accelerated atherosclerosis and premature death.

Objective: To establish the usefulness of thermography for endothelial function screening in adults with cardiovascular risk factors.

Material And Methods: Cross-sectional, analytical diagnostic test.

Recognition of the interaction between the bioactive peptide Val-Pro-Pro and the minimal promoter region of genes SOD and CAT using QCM-D and docking studies.

Bioactive peptides are biomolecules involved in very diverse mechanisms . It has been reported that bioactive peptides play a very important role in the regulation of physiological functions such as oxidative stress, hypertension, cancer and inflammation. It's been reported that the milk derived peptide (VPP) prevents the progress of hypertension in different animal models and human beings with mild hypertension.

Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Ethanolic Extract from (Bertol.) DC., Quercetin, and Anti-Obesity Drugs in Adipose Tissue in Wistar Rats with Diet-Induced Obesity.

Obesity is characterized by the excessive accumulation of fat, which triggers a low-grade chronic inflammatory process. Currently, the search for compounds with anti-obesogenic effects that help reduce body weight, as well as associated comorbidities, continues. Among this group of compounds are plant extracts and flavonoids with a great diversity of action mechanisms associated with their beneficial effects, such as anti-inflammatory effects and/or as signaling molecules.

Biosensor of Inflammation Biomarkers Based on Electrical Bioimpedance Analysis on Immobilized DNA Without Chemical Modification.

The development of biosensors to identify molecular markers or specific genes is fundamental for the implementation of new techniques that allow the detection of specific Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequences in a fast, economic and simple way. Different detection techniques have been proposed in the development of biosensors. Electrical Bioimpedance Spectroscopy (EBiS) has been used for diagnosis and monitoring of human pathologies, and is recognized as a safe, fast, reusable, easy and inexpensive technique.

Modulation of the mRNA of the Nlrp3 inflammasome by Morin and PUFAs in an obesity model induced by a high-fat diet.

Morin and PUFAs are bioactive compounds provided by the diet, with multiple biological activities, among which are the modulation of inflammation in various chronic diseases. The effect of supplementation with Morin, PUFAs, and the mixture of both on the levels of mRNA expression of the Nlrp3 inflammasome as well as genes associated with inflammation and lipid metabolism, in an obesity model through a high-fat diet, during 8 weeks of administration were evaluated. The three treatments negatively regulated the expression of Nlrp3 mRNA.

DNA methylation of the RE-1 silencing transcription factor in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and gene expression of antioxidant enzyme in patients with late-onset Alzheimer disease.

Late-onset Alzheimer disease (LOAD) is the most frequent cause of dementia in elderly adults. However, the factors determining disease onset remain unclear. In the elderly, the activation and expression of the gene encoding RE-1 silencing transcription factor (REST) may be a determinant of neuroprotective mechanisms and good amyloidogenic pathway management.

Intense craving for appetizing foods: validation and standardization of the Food Cravings Questionnaire-Trait in Mexico.

Introduction: Food craving is a motivational and physiological response for eating specific foods, mainly with high caloric content. To assess food craving, self-reports, inventories and questionnaires are used. The Food Cravings Questionnaire-Trait is multi-dimensionally structured and has been validated in several countries, since it is sensitive and adaptable to contextual-cultural changes.

Neuroprotective Effects of Apocynin and Galantamine During the Chronic Administration of Scopolamine in an Alzheimer's Disease Model.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most complicated neurodegenerative diseases, and several hypotheses have been associated with its development and progression, such as those involving glucose hypometabolism, the cholinergic system, calcium imbalance, inflammation, oxidative imbalance, microtubule instability, and the amyloid cascade, several of which are related to oxidative stress (free radical generation), which contributes to neuronal death. Therefore, several efforts have been made to establish a sporadic AD model that takes into account these hypotheses. One model that replicates the increase in amyloid beta (Aβ) and oxidative stress in vivo is the scopolamine model.

Design, synthesis, molecular docking and in vitro evaluation of benzothiazole derivatives as 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 inhibitors.

11-Beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1) regulates cortisol levels mainly in adipose, hepatic and brain tissues. There is a relationship between the high activity of this enzyme and the development of obesity and metabolic disorders. The inhibition of 11β-HSD1 has been shown to attenuate the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome and other diseases mediated by excessive cortisol production.

Catecholamine levels and gene expression of their receptors in tissues of adults with osteosarcoma.

Aim: The purpose of this work was to identify and measure catecholamines, their metabolites, and the gene expression of catecholamine receptors in osteosarcoma tissue.

Materials And Methods: The levels of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, norepinephrine, serotonin, and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid in cancer tissue and in adjacent and non-oncological bone tissue were analysed by high-performance liquid chromatography, and the gene expression of catecholamine receptors and of dopamine β-hydroxylase, monoaminoxidase, ki67, and Runx2 in the osteosarcoma tissue, tissue adjacent to the tumour, non-oncological bone, and human brain tissue was analysed by RT-PCR.

Results: We found significantly higher levels of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid and norepinephrine in the cancer sample than in adjacent and non-oncological bone.

Early Detection of Vascular Obstruction in Microvascular Flaps Using a Thermographic Camera.

Background:  In microsurgical reconstruction, vascular obstruction occurs in approximately 20% of patients. Close monitoring is central to their care. Clinical/Doppler detection of vascular obstruction could be enhanced by thermography.

Virome and bacteriome characterization of children with pneumonia and asthma in Mexico City during winter seasons 2014 and 2015.

Background: Acute asthma exacerbations and pneumonia are important causes of morbidity and mortality in children and may coexist in the same children, although symptom overlap may lead to difficulties in diagnosis. Microbial and viral diversity and differential abundance of either may play an important role in infection susceptibility and the development of acute and chronic respiratory diseases.

Objectives: To describe the virome and bacteriome present in the upper respiratory tract of hospitalized children with a clinical diagnosis of asthma and pneumonia during an acute exacerbation and an acute respiratory illness ARI episode respectively.

Different behavior of myeloperoxidase in two rodent amoebic liver abscess models.

The protozoan Entamoeba histolytica is the etiological agent of amoebiasis, which can spread to the liver and form amoebic liver abscesses. Histological studies conducted with resistant and susceptible models of amoebic liver abscesses (ALAs) have established that neutrophils are the first cells to contact invasive amoebae at the lesion site. Myeloperoxidase is the most abundant enzyme secreted by neutrophils.

Cytokine profile of NALT during acute stress and its possible effect on IgA secretion.

Stress stimuli affect the immune system responses that occur at mucosal membranes, particularly IgA secretion. It has been suggested that acute stress increases the levels of IgA and that sympathetic innervation plays an important role in this process. We herein explore in a murine model how acute stress affects the Th1/Th2/Treg cytokine balance in NALT, and the possible role of glucocorticoids in this effect.

Undaria pinnatifida and Fucoxanthin Ameliorate Lipogenesis and Markers of Both Inflammation and Cardiovascular Dysfunction in an Animal Model of Diet-Induced Obesity.

Brown algae and its carotenoids have been shown to have a positive influence on obesity and its comorbidities. This study evaluated the effect of Undaria pinnatifida and fucoxanthin on biochemical, physiological and inflammation markers related to obesity and on the expression of genes engaged on white adipose tissue lipid metabolism in a murine model of diet-induced obesity. The treatments improved energy expenditure, β-oxidation and adipogenesis by upregulating PPARα, PGC1α, PPARγ and UCP-1.

n-3 Fatty acids modulate the mRNA expression of the Nlrp3 inflammasome and Mtor in the liver of rats fed with high-fat or high-fat/fructose diets.

Context: There is evidence that n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3-PUFAs) can inhibit mTORC1, which should potentiate autophagy and eliminate NLRP3 inflammasome activity.

Objective: Evaluate the effect of a high-fat or high-fat/fructose diet with and without n-3-PUFAs on hepatic gene expression.

Materials And Methods: We examined the mRNA expression by RT-PCR of Mtor, Nlrp3, and other 22 genes associated with inflammation in rats livers after a 9-week diet.

Oxidative damage and antioxidant defense in thymus of malnourished lactating rats.

Objective: Malnutrition has been associated with oxidative damage by altered antioxidant protection mechanisms. Specifically, the aim of this study was to evaluate oxidative damage (DNA and lipid) and antioxidant status (superoxide dismutase [SOD], glutathione peroxidase [GPx], and catalase [CAT] mRNA, and protein expression) in thymus from malnourished rat pups.

Methods: Malnutrition was induced during the lactation period by the food competition method.

17β-Estradiol transcriptionally modulates Nlrp1 and Nlrp3 inflammasomes in gonadectomized rats with inflammation.

Context: It has been reported that 17β-estradiol (E2) reduces the expression of inflammatory molecules, but there are no data that show the effect of E2 on the transcriptional regulation of innate immunity-related molecules and inflammasomes.

Objective: To study the effect of 17β-estradiol (E2) on the transcriptional expression of the NLR family, pyrin domain containing 1 (Nlrp1) and (Nlrp3) inflammasomes, which are mediators of inflammation.

Materials And Methods: Inflammation was induced in adult female gonadectomized (Gdx) rats by intramuscular injection of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA).

[Carotid and brachial intima-media thickness of the allelic variants G894T and T-789C of eNOS in systemic sclerosis patients].

Objective: To evaluate comparatively the carotid intima media thickness index (IMT) and brachial index with Doppler ultrasound, and pulmonary artery pressure with echocardiography in allelic variation of G894T and T-789C eNOS (endothelial nitric oxide synthase) in patients with systemic sclerosis.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study in patients with scleroderma. The inclusion criteria were: age 18-70 years, scleroderma diagnosed patients with a prior informed consent.

Expression of NLRP3 inflammasome, cytokines and vascular mediators in the skin of systemic sclerosis patients.

Background: The activated NLRP3 inflammasome is associated with the etiology of fibrotic diseases. The role of inflammasomes in SSc is still poorly understood.

Objectives: To determine the expression of NLRP3 (nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich-repeat-containing family, pyrin domain-containing 3) in the skin of patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) and its relationship with pro-inflammatory cytokines and vascular mediators expression.

Nasal IgA secretion in a murine model of acute stress. The possible role of catecholamines.

Stress stimuli affect the immune system of the mucosa, and in particular IgA secretion. It is well documented that intense psychological and physical stress can increase susceptibility to infection by diverse pathogens in the upper respiratory tract. Our workgroup reported that chronic stress caused by immobilization elicits a decrease in nasal IgA levels in mice.

Intranasal coadministration of Cholera toxin with amoeba lysates modulates the secretion of IgA and IgG antibodies, production of cytokines and expression of pIgR in the nasal cavity of mice in the model of Naegleria fowleri meningoencephalitis.

The nasal mucosa is the first contact with antigens to induce IgA response. The role of this site has rarely been studied. We have shown than intranasal administration with Naegleria fowleri lysates plus Cholera toxin (CT) increased the protection (survival up to 100%) against N.

The consumption of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids differentially modulates gene expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha and gamma and hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha in subcutaneous adipose tissue of obese adolescents.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) supplementation on metabolic state and gene expression in subcutaneous adipose tissues of obese adolescents. Obese adolescents (n = 26, 10 girls and 16 boys) aged 12.4 ± 2.

Comparison of the effect of chronic cadmium exposure on the antioxidant defense systems of kidney and brain in rat.

Cadmium (Cd(2+)) produces toxic effects on various tissues as kidney and liver, so several studies have focused to explore the effect produced by different doses and exposure times of this metal. However, little has been reported about the effect that Cd(2+) shows in the brain in vivo. Hence, this study aimed at comparing the effect of chronic Cd(2+) exposure on antioxidant defense systems of kidney and brain in rats.