[CAFFEINE AND QUININE IN SOFT DRINKS; CONTRIBUTION TO THE DIETARY INTAKE].

Introduction: soft drinks are becoming increasingly consumed by society. They are composed by a great variety of components, some of which can produce adverse effects if they are frequently consumed in high levels.

Objectives: determine caffeine and quinine concentration to prove that those concentration levels are lower than the legal limits allowed and calculate the contribution to dietary intake to obtain the Estimated Daily Intake.

[TOXIC RISK ASSESSMENT OF FLUORIDE PRESENCE IN BOTTLED WATER CONSUMPTION IN THE CANARY ISLANDS].

Introduction: fluorine, as an hormetin, is necessary in the organism to avoid caries; but large amounts can produce toxic side effects such as dental fluorosis or skeletal fluorosis. Thus, it is important not to exceed chronically the RDIs (Recommended Daily Intakes) per each age and sex range. It is assumed that the main fluoride source is water.

Heavy metals in cigarettes for sale in Spain.

The aim of the present study was to determine the concentrations of eight metals (Al, Cd, Co, Cr, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sr) in 33 cigarette brands for sale in Spain. Samples were analysed by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES). Mean values obtained were 428 µg Al/g, 0.

[Tap water as a dietary source of exposure to fluoride in Tenerife; risk assessment].

Introduction: drinking water is the main source of fluoride exposure for the population. According to the Spanish Law RD 140/2003, the fluoride content in drinking water should not exceed the parametric value of 1.5 mg/L.