Prevalence of hepatic steatosis and fibrosis in apparently healthy airline pilots: A transient elastography study.

Background And Aim: Airline pilots (APs) are often characterized by a sedentary lifestyle, predisposing them to adverse cardiometabolic consequences. In this cross-sectional study, we used transient elastography (TE) to investigate the prevalence of hepatic steatosis and fibrosis among apparently healthy APs.

Materials And Methods: The study cohort consisted of 137 male APs of Caucasian descent who voluntarily underwent TE.

Skin biophysical parameters and serum dermokine levels in airline pilots: a comparative study with office workers.

Introduction: Concerns are growing in the aviation industry about occupational skin diseases like malignant melanoma (MM) among airline pilots (APs), due to the unique working environment that exposes them to various skin stressors.

Aim: To compare five skin biophysical parameters in a group of 40 male APs, each matched in terms of age and service tenure (minimum of 5 years) with a control group of 40 male office workers (OWs). Considering the potential role of dermokine (DMKN) in skin barrier dysfunction and the pathogenesis of MM, we further analyzed the serum levels of this molecule and correlated them with the measured skin parameters.

Impact of Job Types on Plasma Neurotrophins Levels: A Preliminary Study in Airline Pilots, Construction Workers, and Fitness Instructors.

Background: Neurotrophins (NTs) encompass a group of closely associated proteins regulating various aspects of neuronal growth and survival. The potential association between work-related factors and the levels of circulating NTs has not been extensively examined. In this preliminary investigation, we evaluated plasma concentrations of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), nerve growth factor (NGF), neurotrophin-3 (NT-3), and neurotrophin-4 (NT-4) in a cohort of healthy individuals from three distinct professional categories, each with unique work environments and lifestyle factors.

Mild Depressive Symptoms in Airline Pilots Associated With Impaired Executive Functions.

Introduction: While significant efforts have been made to understand the influence of depression-related impairments on executive functioning within the general population, the specific impact on airline pilots remains largely unexplored. Considering the crucial role that cognitive abilities play in the realm of aircraft piloting, it is imperative to probe into the potential repercussions of depressive symptoms on executive functions (EFs) among this professional cohort.

Objectives:  This study aims to explore the associations between depressive symptoms and EFs in a convenience sample of airline pilots.

Impact of different job types on serum cytokine levels in apparently healthy individuals: A comparative study among airline pilots, construction workers, and fitness instructors.

Background: The impact of occupational factors on serum cytokine concentrations has not been extensively explored. In this preliminary investigation, we measured the amounts of 12 cytokines in the serum of healthy individuals, comparing three diverse professional categories (aviation pilots, building laborers, and exercise trainers) with distinct work settings and lifestyle factors.

Methods: The study sample comprised 60 men from three distinct professional fields - airline pilots, construction laborers, and fitness trainers (20 participants per category) - who were enlisted during regular outpatient occupational health appointments.

Immediate adverse reactions in the chemotherapy treatment of patients with cancer at an oncology day hospital.

A descriptive and cross-sectional study was performed to characterize the degree of immediate adverse reaction and the type of causative antineoplastic drug presented by 371 different patients treated for cancer at the oncology day hospital unit of the San Carlos Clinical Hospital (Madrid, Spain), during the period between January 2015 and December 2019. In the case series, 488 immediate adverse reactions secondary to chemotherapy toxicity were detected. The dominating factors were: Female sex, age from 51-70 years old, skin melanoma and the use of vinca alkaloids and analogs.

Analysis of aerosol production and aerosol dispersion during otologic surgery.

Background: As a respiratory disease, the transmission of Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is mainly caused by small droplets and aerosols. Healthcare personnel are particularly exposed during otologic surgery given the continuity with the nasopharynx, where the viral load is high, and the use of high-speed instruments. The purpose of the present study is to test a model of droplet dispersion produced in the performance of a drilling procedure on human bone to provide information about its distribution and size of the deposit in similar conditions to those of an operating theatre, to design different preventive measures.

[Defensive medicine in hospital emergency services.].

Objective: Hospital emergency services have specific care characteristics that make them more vulnerable to the risk of legal claims. The fact of suffering a legal claim for professional practice is a very traumatic event. The objective of this study was to find out the opinion of the professionals of the hospital emergency services in Spain on the importance of practices associated with defensive medicine.