Background: Metabolic age is defined as an estimation of a person's age based on their basal metabolic rate (BMR) and other physiological health indicators. Unlike chronological age, which simply measures the number of years lived since birth, metabolic age is based on various health and fitness markers that estimate the body's "true" biological age and can be assessed using various methodologies, including bioimpedance. The aim of this study was to evaluate how age, sex, social class, smoking habits, physical activity, and adherence to the Mediterranean diet influence metabolic age.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Shift work has been associated with unhealthy lifestyle habits and a higher prevalence of obesity, which negatively impacts the health of shift workers. The objective of our study was to examine the influence of shift work on obesity, as well as on sociodemographic variables, anthropometric measurements, and lifestyle habits in individuals working this type of schedule.
Methods: An observational, cross-sectional, descriptive study involving 53,053 workers from various labour sectors across several Spanish autonomous communities was conducted.
Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, accounting for one-third of all global deaths. The World Health Organization (WHO) asserts that prevention is the most effective strategy to combat CVD, emphasizing the need for non-invasive, low-cost tools to identify individuals at high risk of CVD. Atherogenic indices and heart age (HA) are valuable tools for assessing cardiovascular risk (CVR).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide. Obesity and atherosclerosis are considered risk factors for this pathology. There are multiple methods to evaluate obesity, in the same way as there are different formulas to determine atherogenic risk.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNutrients
July 2024
Background: Obesity constitutes a public health problem worldwide and causes non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (MALFD), the leading cause of liver disease in developed countries, which progresses to liver cirrhosis and liver cancer. MAFLD is associated with obesity and can be evaluated by validated formulas to assess MAFLD risk using different parameters such as the body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC). However, these parameters do not accurately measure body fat.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD, 2020 diagnostic criteria) and glomerular hyperfiltration share common risk factors, including obesity, insulin resistance, impaired glucose tolerance, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and hypertension.
Aims: To assess the prevalence of MAFLD and its association with glomerular hyperfiltration and age-related worsening of kidney function in subjects with normoglycemia, prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
Methods: We analysed data recorded during occupational health visits of 125,070 Spanish civil servants aged 18-65 years with a de-indexed glomerular filtration rate (GFR) estimated with the chronic-kidney-disease-epidemiological (CKD-EPI) equation (estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR]) ≥60 mL/min.
Introduction: The acquisition of skills and manual dexterity in aesthetic dentistry in undergraduate teaching requires preclinical practices with simulation that should approximate real clinical situations.
Objective: We will present a digital procedure for the creation of three-dimensional (3D) resin models adapted to the practices of the Aesthetic Dentistry course.
Material And Method: Stereolithography or Standard Tesellation Language (STL) files of a real patient were previously obtained with a 3-shape intraoral scanner.
Background: Cardiovascular and metabolic diseases include a large group of pathologies and constitute one of the most serious chronic health problems facing the 21st century, with high rates of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Unhealthy diets influence the development of these pathologies. The Mediterranean diet can be an important part in the treatment of these diseases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Insulin resistance (IR) is an alteration of the action of insulin in cells, which do not respond adequately to this action, leading to an increase in blood glucose levels. IR produces a very diverse clinical picture and increases the cardiometabolic risk of the population that suffers from it. Among the factors that influence IR are genetics, unhealthy lifestyle habits, overweight, and obesity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnlabelled: Introduction, objectives: Obesity is a global health problem with a great negative impact on health. Among the pathologies caused by obesity are insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome, which constitute an increasingly common health problem in both developed and developing countries. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between two scales that assess obesity-based on hip circumference-and metabolic syndrome (MetS) and insulin resistance risk scales as predictors of these alterations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnlabelled: Introduction, objectives: Although cardiovascular events have been traditionally associated mainly with men, some data reflect an increase in women, which may even exceed their male counterparts, constituting the leading cause of death in working women in Spain. The objective of this present study was to analyze the level of cardiovascular risk in Spanish working women by assessing the influence of age, type of work, and tobacco consumption.
Material, Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in 172,282 working women from different Spanish geographical areas and from different companies between January 2018 and June 2020.
Arch Prev Riesgos Labor
July 2023
Objective: To evaluate metabolic syndrome using three methods proposed by recognizedinternational institutions, and the visceral adiposity (VAI) and dysfunctional adiposity (DAI) indices for prediction and prevalence estimation in working populations.
Methods: Cross-sectional study in workers from different Spanish autonomous communities who underwent a health examination between January 2019 and September 2021 at four occupational risk prevention services. Metabolic syndrome was evaluated according to criteria from the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP/ATP-III), the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and the Joint Interim Statement (JIS).
Background: Atherogenic dyslipidaemia (AD) and lipid triad (LT) are characterised by high triglyceride levels together with low HDL and normal or high LDL cholesterol and are favoured by a persistent state of insulin resistance (IR), which increases the release of free fatty acids from abdominal adipose tissue. This alteration in the lipid profile favours the accelerated development of atherosclerosis, which is the most important cause of morbidity and mortality in all countries in the developed and developing world. One of the elements that plays a major role in the genesis of AD is IR.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAims: To investigate the prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) in prediabetes, visceral obesity, and preserved kidney function, and explore whether MAFLD is associated with hyperfiltration.
Methods: We analyzed data from 6697 Spanish civil servants, aged 18-65 years, with fasting plasma glucose ≥ 100 and ≤ 125 mg/dL (prediabetes, ADA), waist circumference ≥ 94 cm in men and ≥ 80 cm in women (visceral obesity, IDF) and de-indexed estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥ 60 ml/min, collected during occupational health visits. The association between MAFLD and hyperfiltration (eGFR > age- and sex-specific 95th percentile) was tested by multivariable logistic regression analyses.
Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are responsible for a significant morbimortality rate around the world. Due to the characteristics of their work, health care professionals, including veterinarians, are more prone to present this type of pathology.
Objectives: To determine the level of cardiovascular risk using different scales in a group of veterinarians.
Background: Obesity has become a public health problem in our society and is associated with many diseases, including type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, dyslipidemia, respiratory diseases, and cancer. Several studies relate weight loss in obese patients to improved anthropometric measurements and cardiometabolic risk. The objective of our study was to evaluate anthropometric changes, analytical parameters, insulin resistance, fatty liver, and metabolic scales, after a personalized weight loss program, through dietary advice to increase adherence to the Mediterranean diet and a motivational booster via mobile SMS messaging.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Metabolic syndrome (Met-S) is considered one of the most important health problems of the 21st century. It includes a group of metabolic disorders that increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases such as overweight and obesity, elevated lipid profile and blood pressure and insulin resistance (IR). Based on the information mentioned above in which there seems to be a relationship between IR and Met-S, the objective of this work was twofold: on the one hand, to assess the relationship between the values of different insulin resistance risk scales and Met-S determined with three different scales, and on the other, to determine whether any of the components of Met-S predispose more to the appearance of IR.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInsulin resistance (IR) has been identified as a key factor in the appearance of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) as it is related through a complex molecular biochemical and immunological mechanism. Our aim was to evaluate the relationship between different scales that estimate the risk of IR and scales that determine the risk of NAFLD. This descriptive and cross-sectional study was performed in 219,477 Spanish workers from different sectors and Spanish regions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) and the level of cardiovascular risk (CVR), determined with different scales (REGICOR, SCORE, ERICE, vascular age...
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Diabesity is a growing problem internationally. Taking into account the importance of physical activity and diet in its prevention and treatment, the objective of this study was to delve into the impact of healthy habits on diabesity.
Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out in 386,924 Spanish adult workers.
Obesity induces alterations in lipid biochemistry, evolving toward dyslipidaemia atherogenesis, a critical factor in the development of cardiovascular events. Two relevant forms of lipid abnormalities are atherogenic dyslipidaemia (AD) and lipid triad (LT), which involve alterations in triglyceride levels, HDL-c, and LDL-c. The aim of this study was to assess the linkage of atherogenic AD and LT with different scales of overweight and obesity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNutrients
July 2022
Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is a chronic disease caused by the accumulation of fat in the liver related to overweight and obesity, insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, and high levels of triglycerides and leads to an increased cardiovascular risk. It is considered a global pandemic, coinciding with the pandemic in 2020 caused by the "coronavirus disease 2019" (COVID-19). Due to COVID-19, the population was placed under lockdown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: There is some controversy about the beneficial effects of occupational physical activity (OPA) on cardiovascular risk (CVR) The main aim of this study was to explore the effect of the combination of different frequencies of leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) and two types of OPA on CVR and body composition, and whether the association between physical activity (PA) and CVR was mediated by visceral adipose tissue (VAT).
Methods: This cross-sectional study included data from 2516 couriers living in Spain, delivering either by motorbike or foot, and practicing LTPA never, occasionally, or regularly. Couriers were classified into six categories according to LTPA and OPA; body composition was assessed by Bioelectrical Impedance, and CVR by the Framingham equation.
Nutrients
March 2022
In December 2019, 27 cases of pneumonia were reported in Wuhan. In 2020, the causative agent was identified as a virus called SARS-CoV-2. The disease was called "coronavirus disease 2019" (COVID-19) and was determined as a Public Health Emergency.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground And Objective: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with a greater incidence in the most disadvantaged social classes. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the level of cardiovascular risk in cleaning workers.
Methods: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study in 46.
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