The Promising Success of Project Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes (ECHO) Diabetes: Case Series.

Background: In the United States, there are over 37 million people with diabetes but only 8000 endocrinologists. Therefore, many people with diabetes receive care exclusively from primary care providers (PCPs). To democratize knowledge regarding insulin-requiring diabetes through tele-education, Stanford University and the University of Florida developed Project Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes (ECHO) Diabetes.

Comparison of hemodynamic changes with general or local anesthesia during dental treatment in pediatric patients: A prospective clinical study.

Background And Aim: Severe hemodynamic fluctuations during dental treatment can trigger highly undesirable physical reactions. A study was made to determine whether the administration of propofol and sevoflurane contributes to the stabilization of hemodynamic parameters during dental treatment in pediatric patients versus the use of local anesthesia alone.

Materials And Methods: Forty pediatric patients needing dental treatment were assigned to either general anesthesia with local anesthesia (study group [SG]) or local anesthesia alone (control group [CG]).

Hemodynamic and ventilatory changes in pediatric patients with special needs: A comparative clinical study.

Background: Very limited data are available on the hemodynamic and ventilatory changes during sedation and general anesthesia using bispectral index (BIS) monitoring in intellectually disabled children. The purpose was to determine the hemodynamic and ventilatory changes after propofol and sevoflurane administration in children with special needs (CSN) versus healthy children (HC) during dental treatment.

Material And Methods: Forty pediatric patients needing dental treatment were allocated into two groups: children without systemic disease (healthy children [HC]) and mentally disabled children (children with special needs [CSN]).

Labor outcomes with epidural analgesia: an observational before-and-after cohort study comparing continuous infusion versus programmed intermittent bolus plus patient-controlled analgesia.

Background: Scientific evidence shows that programmed intermittent epidural bolus (PIEB) for labor analgesia achieves good obstetric outcomes. After implementing our institutional standard for epidural analgesia, we compared PIEB + patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) versus continuous epidural infusion (CEI).

Methods: In an observational cohort study, we compared CEI with 0.

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in the Prone Position in the Operating Room or in the Intensive Care Unit: A Systematic Review.

The prone position is commonly used in certain surgical procedures and to improve oxygenation in mechanically ventilated patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Cardiorespiratory arrest (CRA) in this position may be more challenging to treat because care providers trained in conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) may not be familiar with CPR in the prone position. The aim of this systematic review is to provide an overview of current evidence regarding the methodology, efficacy, and experience of CPR in the prone position, in patients with the airway already secured.

Recommendations for the evaluation and management of the anticipated and non-anticipated difficult airway of the Societat Catalana d'Anestesiologia, Reanimació i Terapèutica del Dolor, based on the adaptation of clinical practice guidelines and expert consensus.

The Airway Division of the Catalan Society of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Management (SCARTD) presents its latest guidelines for the evaluation and management of the difficult airway. This update includes the technical advances and changes observed in clinical practice since publication of the first edition of the guidelines in 2008. The recommendations were defined by a consensus of experts from the 19 participating hospitals, and were adapted from 5 recently published international guidelines following an in-depth analysis and systematic comparison of their recommendations.

Study protocol: healthy urban living and ageing in place (HULAP): an international, mixed methods study examining the associations between physical activity, built and social environments for older adults the UK and Brazil.

Background: The ability to 'age in place' is dependent on a range of inter-personal, social and built environment attributes, with the latter being a key area for potential intervention. There is an emerging body of evidence that indicates the type of built environment features that may best support age friendly communities, but there is a need to expand and consolidate this, while generating a better understanding of how on how research findings can be most effectively be translated in to policy and practice.

Methods: The study is based on two case study cities, Curtiba (Brazil) and Belfast (UK), which have highly contrasting physical, social and policy environments.

[Social support and physical activity in adolescents from public schools: the importance of family and friends].

The aim of this study was to verify the association between different types and sources of social support and physical activity among adolescents from Curitiba, Paraná State, Brazil. A school-based survey was conducted with a representative sample of adolescents from public schools (n = 1,469). Multiple regression models were used to test the association between weekly frequency and sources of social support from family and friends and weekly frequency of physical activity.

Modifications to the airway management trainer intubation head for training in difficult airway recognition through a comparative study with the Airsim® intubation head.

Introduction: The goal of this study was to explain some modifications to the Airway Management Trainer intubation head (case) that transform it into a difficult airway intubation head and to compare it with the Airsim intubation head (control).

Methods: Eight anesthesiologists (5 experienced and 3 residents) conducted 80 endotracheal intubations each, 10 intubations with each of the 2 airway training heads under 4 distinct clinical scenarios: normal airway, macroglossia (placing a squash ball under the tongue), cervical spine rigidity (with tape placed on the cervical spine to inhibit its extension), or both macroglossia and cervical spine rigidity. We used a Macintosh laryngoscope with a #3 blade and a 7-mm (internal diameter) endotracheal tube.

Collaborative intervention to improve airway assessment and safety in management for anaesthesia: the Qualitat & Via Aèria (QUAVA) study.

Background: Airway assessment and management are cornerstones of anaesthesia, yet airway complications remain an important source of morbidity.

Objective: We performed a before-and-after evaluation of a collaborative intervention to improve adherence to airway assessment and management guidelines in patients scheduled for surgery under general anaesthesia.

Design: A prospective, multicentre before-and-after evaluation of a collaborative intervention.

[Self-efficacy and physical activity in adolescents in Curitiba, Paraná State, Brazil].

This study aimed to examine the association between physical activity and self-efficacy in adolescents. A school-based survey was conducted with 1,698 adolescents from Curitiba, Paraná State, Brazil. Physical activity was evaluated as weekly frequency (days per week) of moderate or vigorous physical activity.

Efficacy of a multidisciplinary fibromyalgia treatment adapted for women with low educational levels: a randomized controlled trial.

Objective: Multidisciplinary treatments of fibromyalgia (FM) have demonstrated efficacy. Nevertheless, they have been criticized for not maintaining their benefits and for not being studied for specific populations. Our objectives were to determine the efficacy of a multidisciplinary treatment for FM adapted for patients with low educational levels and to determine the maintenance of its therapeutic benefits during a long-term followup period.

Perceived stress scale: reliability and validity study in Brazil.

The perceived stress scale (PSS-10) reliability and validity were evaluated in Brazilian adults. A two-stage translation procedure was employed to achieve a Portuguese version. Participants were 793 Brazilian university teachers.

Association between physical activity in parks and perceived environment: a study with adolescents.

Background: The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between adolescents' physical activity practice and their perception about the environment of urban parks.

Methods: A school-based representative sample (n = 1,718; boys = 40.4%) of teenagers of Curitiba, Southern region of Brazil.

The contributions of Ramon y Cajal and other Spanish authors to hypnosis.

The authors review the most important Spanish contributions to hypnosis during the 19th and 20th centuries, with emphasis on the work of Santiago Ramon y Cajal, winner of the 1906 Nobel Prize in medicine. It is widely accepted that he provided a basic foundation for modern neurosciences with his work on neuronal staining and synaptic transmission. What is missing in most accounts of his work is his longstanding interest and work on hypnosis and anomalous phenomena.

Comparative study of intubating conditions at the first minute with suxamethonium, rocuronium and different priming techniques of rocuronium.

Background And Objective: To evaluate orotracheal intubation conditions after 1 min.

Patients And Methods: A prospective randomized study with 376 adult American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) Grade I-III patients. Each patient received propofol, fentanyl and either suxamethonium (1 mg kg(-1)) or rocuronium.

[The effect of encephalogram bispectral index monitoring during total intravenous anesthesia with propofol in outpatient surgery].

Objective: To assess the effect of monitoring the encephalogram bispectral index (BIS) during outpatient surgery. Outcome measures were amount of propofol administered, awakening and discharge.

Material And Methods: Forty consecutive outpatient surgery patients were studied.