Recommendations for the recognition, diagnosis, and management of long COVID: a Delphi study.

Background: In the absence of research into therapies and care pathways for long COVID, guidance based on 'emerging experience' is needed.

Aim: To provide a rapid expert guide for GPs and long COVID clinical services.

Design And Setting: A Delphi study was conducted with a panel of primary and secondary care doctors.

The prevalence and nature of prescribing and monitoring errors in English general practice: a retrospective case note review.

Background: Relatively little is known about prescribing errors in general practice, or the factors associated with error.

Aim: To determine the prevalence and nature of prescribing and monitoring errors in general practices in England.

Design And Setting: Retrospective case-note review of unique medication items prescribed over a 12-month period to a 2% random sample of patients.

Detailed analyses of self-poisoning episodes presenting to a large regional teaching hospital in the UK.

Aims: The primary aim of this paper is to provide comprehensive contemporaneous data on the demographics, patterns of presentation and management of all episodes of deliberate self-poisoning presenting to a large regional teaching hospital over a 12 month period.

Methods: We undertook detailed, retrospective analyses using information from electronic patient records and local patient-tracking, pathology and administrative databases. Statistical analyses were performed using Chi-squared tests, anova and two-tailed t-tests (Graphpad Prism).

Pregnancy experiences among women with lymphangioleiomyomatosis.

Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a rare lung disease affecting women. Following case reports that pregnancy exacerbates LAM, patients are frequently advised to avoid pregnancy. Our objective was to determine pregnancy and health outcomes in LAM to provide better evidence with which to council patients contemplating pregnancy.

Collagen I and thrombin activate MMP-2 by MMP-14-dependent and -independent pathways: implications for airway smooth muscle migration.

Increased proinflammatory mediators and ECM deposition are key features of the airways in asthma. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are produced by airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells and have multiple roles in inflammation and tissue remodeling. We hypothesized that components of the asthmatic airway would stimulate MMP production and activation by ASM and contribute to airway remodeling.

Bradykinin activates calcium-dependent potassium channels in cultured human airway smooth muscle cells.

Bradykinin (BK) is an inflammatory mediator that can cause bronchoconstriction. In this study, we investigated the membrane currents induced by BK in cultured human airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells. Depolarization of the cells induced outward currents, which were inhibited by tetraethylammonium (TEA) in a concentration-dependent manner with an IC50 of 0.

Extracellular matrix modulates beta2-adrenergic receptor signaling in human airway smooth muscle cells.

The airways of patients with chronic asthma commonly develop an element of fixed airway obstruction, which fails to reverse with inhaled beta2-adrenoceptor agonists. Airway remodeling refers to the structural changes of the bronchi in longstanding asthma and is characterized by increased deposition and altered ratios of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. We therefore assessed whether ECM proteins alter beta2-adrenoceptor signaling in human airway smooth muscle cells.

Biosynthesized matrix provides a key role for survival signaling in bronchial epithelial cells.

The extracellular matrix (ECM) influences a variety of cellular functions, including survival, adhesion molecule expression, differentiation, and migration. The ECM composition of the epithelial basement membrane is altered in asthmatics. In this study, we elucidate the major survival signals received by bronchial epithelial cells in vitro by studying the effects of a variety of ECM factors and soluble growth factors on bronchial epithelial cell survival.