Equine saliva components during mastication, and in vivo pH changes in the oral biofilm of sound and carious tooth surfaces after sucrose exposure.

Background: The role of saliva composition and dietary sugar in development of infundibular caries in equine cheek teeth is not fully understood. This study analysed electrolyte and urea concentrations in saliva in relation to different forage and measured pH changes after sucrose application in vivo in sound and carious cheek teeth.

Results: Forage type had no effect on the equine saliva electrolyte concentrations, which varied considerably both intra- and inter-individually.

Reduced sialyl-Lewis on salivary MUC7 from patients with burning mouth syndrome.

We analysed and compared MUC7 O-glycosylation and inflammatory biomarkers in saliva from female patients with burning mouth syndrome (BMS) and gender/age-matched controls. Oligosaccharides from salivary MUC7 from BMS and controls were released. Inflammatory mediators were measured by multiplex proximity extension assay.

Proteomics of the acid-soluble fraction of whole and major gland saliva in burning mouth syndrome patients.

Objective: In the present study the salivary proteome of burning mouth syndrome patients and healthy subjects was characterized by a top-down proteomic approach and compared to highlight possible qualitative and quantitative differences that may give suggestions about the causes of this pathology which are still unknown.

Materials And Methods: Resting and stimulated whole saliva, stimulated parotid and submandibular/sublingual saliva samples were collected from burning mouth syndrome patients (n = 16) and age- and gender-matched healthy subjects (n = 14). An equal volume of 0.

Saliva on the oral mucosa and whole saliva in women diagnosed with burning mouth syndrome.

Objective: The aim of the study was to examine mucosal saliva and unstimulated (UWS) and stimulated (SWS) whole saliva secretion rates and associated factors, in 56 female patients diagnosed with BMS and age-matched control women.

Material And Methods: Mucosal saliva was assessed using the Periotron method and blood flow using laser Doppler flowmetry. Diseases, drug usage and xerostomia were registered using questionnaires.

Rapid urease test (RUT) for evaluation of urease activity in oral bacteria in vitro and in supragingival dental plaque ex vivo.

Background: Urease is an enzyme produced by plaque bacteria hydrolysing urea from saliva and gingival exudate into ammonia in order to regulate the pH in the dental biofilm. The aim of this study was to assess the urease activity among oral bacterial species by using the rapid urease test (RUT) in a micro-plate format and to examine whether this test could be used for measuring the urease activity in site-specific supragingival dental plaque samples ex vivo.

Methods: The RUT test is based on 2% urea in peptone broth solution and with phenol red at pH 6.

Clinical characterization of women with burning mouth syndrome in a case-control study.

Objective: Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is a chronic orofacial pain disorder that is defined by a burning sensation in the oral mucosa. The aim of this study was to investigate the underlying factors, clinical characteristics and self-reported oral and general health factors associated with BMS.

Material And Methods: Fifty-six women with BMS (mean age: 67.

Acid-producing capacity from sugars and sugar alcohols among Lactobacillus isolates collected in connection with radiation therapy.

Objective: To investigate the acid-producing capacity from sugars and sugar alcohols of oral Lactobacillus collected in connection with radiation therapy (RT) to the head and neck region.

Design: Lactobacillus were collected from the tongue, buccal mucosa and supragingival plaque in 24 patients before, during, and after RT. The acid-producing capacity of Lactobacillus isolates (n=211) was analyzed using a colorimetric fermentation test in microtiter plates.

Protein and bacteria binding to exposed root surfaces and the adjacent enamel surfaces in vivo.

Exposure of root surfaces due to inflammatory tissue breakdown is a clinical characteristic of periodontitis. The gingival margin may further recede during treatment. Pellicles and early dental plaque on enamel surfaces of periodontitis patients have previously been described.

Estimation of bacterial hydrogen sulfide production in vitro.

Oral bacterial hydrogen sulfide (H2S) production was estimated comparing two different colorimetric methods in microtiter plate format. High H2S production was seen for Fusobacterium spp., Treponema denticola, and Prevotella tannerae, associated with periodontal disease.

Phenotype, genotype, and antibiotic susceptibility of Swedish and Thai oral isolates of Staphylococcus aureus.

Objective: The present study investigated phenotypes, virulence genotypes, and antibiotic susceptibility of oral Staphylococcus aureus strains in order to get more information on whether oral infections with this bacterium are associated with certain subtypes or related to an over-growth of the S. aureus variants normally found in the oral cavity of healthy carriers.

Materials And Methods: A total number of 157 S.

Explorative study on quality of life in relation to salivary secretion rate in patients with head and neck cancer treated with radiotherapy.

Background: Radiotherapy (RT) to the head and neck region often results in oral complications. In this explorative study, the pretreatment and posttreatment (6 months and 12 months) quality of life (QOL) was analyzed for patients with head and neck cancer. The associations between QOL and salivary secretion rates were analyzed.

Plaque pH in caries-free and caries-active young individuals before and after frequent rinses with sucrose and urea solution.

Objective: To examine pH in the approximal dental biofilm after acid and alkali formation from sucrose and urea, after an adaptation period to these substances, in caries-free (CF) and caries-active (CA) individuals. Saliva flow and buffer capacity, and aciduric bacteria in saliva and plaque were also examined.

Material And Methods: Twenty adolescents and young adults (15-21 years) with no caries (n = 10, D(m + i)MFS = 0) or ≥1 new manifest lesions/year (n = 10, DmMFS = 3.

Effects of lactose-containing stevioside sweeteners on dental biofilm acidogenicity.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a commercial lactose-containing stevioside sweetener on biofilm acidogenicity in vivo. Nine volunteers refrained from brushing their teeth for 3 days in five phases. On the 4th day of each phase, the pH of the biofilm was measured by the "Strip method".

pH and bacterial profile of dental plaque in children and adults of a low caries population.

Objective: This study compares pH and microbiological profile of dental plaque in children and adults of a low caries population.

Material And Methods: Thirty-nine children, 12-14 years of age and 45 adults between 20 and 39 years of age in 5 Karen villages of the Tak province, Northern Thailand were examined for plaque, calculus, caries (DMFT) and pH measurements in resting plaque and after a sucrose rinse. Information on dietary and oral hygiene habits was obtained through interviews using a fixed questionnaire.

Caries-risk profile variations after short-term use of 5000 ppm fluoride toothpaste.

Objective: To assess the caries risk following 6 weeks' use of 5000 ppm F toothpaste using 'Cariogram' software.

Materials And Methods: A total of 34 participants, 17 mothers and their teenage children, were enrolled in a 6-week clinical trial in which they were given 5000 ppm F toothpaste. They were followed consecutively for 6 weeks with visits that were 2 weeks apart (four in total).

Effects of high-fluoride dentifrice (5,000-ppm) on caries-related plaque and salivary variables.

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to measure the effects of a 5,000-ppm F toothpaste on caries-related factors in dental plaque and saliva.

Materials And Methods: A 6-week clinical trial was designed with a total of 34 participants, of which 26 completed the study. The participants were assessed on four visits, 2 weeks apart.

Bacterial markers vs. clinical markers to predict progression of chronic periodontitis: a 2-yr prospective observational study.

The aim of this study was to identify sites at risk for future progression, during 2 yr of maintenance, in patients with chronic periodontitis (CP), based on longitudinal clinical and microbiological monitoring. At baseline (2003), clinical and microbiological features were recorded in 50 patients with CP. Two microbial samples were obtained from each patient (one from a clinically healthy site and one from a periodontitis site) and these were analyzed using DNA-DNA hybridization involving 25 bacterial species.

Supragingival plaque microbial analysis in reflection to caries experience.

Background: Dental caries develops as a result of the metabolism of carbohydrates by cariogenic bacteria present in a complex biofilm. The present study aimed to examine if bacteria in pooled supragingival plaque samples quantified using a "checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization" based panel of caries-related bacteria, could reflect the caries experience in a manner similar to saliva samples analysed using a chair-side method in a previous investigation.

Methods: A total of 86 mothers and their children aged 4-6 years and 12-16 years old participated.

Fermentation of sugars and sugar alcohols by plaque Lactobacillus strains.

Objective: The objective was to analyse the ability of Lactobacillus strains isolated from supragingival plaque of subjects with hyposalivation and from healthy controls to ferment sugars and sugar alcohols.

Material And Methods: Fifty strains isolated from interproximal plaque from subjects with radiation-induced hyposalivation (25 strains), subjects with primary Sjögren's syndrome (16 strains) and from subjects with normal salivary secretion rate (9 strains) were tested. Growth and pH were determined after 24 and 48 h of anaerobic incubation in vials containing basal media with 1 % of glucose, fructose, sucrose, mannitol, sorbitol or xylitol.

Intra-familial comparison of supragingival dental plaque microflora using the checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridisation technique.

Objective: The aims of the present study were to correlate the quantified supragingival plaque bacteria between mothers and their children and identify possible microbial associations.

Design: A total of 86 mothers and their 4- to 6-year-old and 12- to 16-year-old children participated. Pooled supragingival plaque samples were obtained from interproximal sites between teeth 16/15, 25/26, 35/36 and 46/45 in mothers and older children and teeth 55/54, 64/65, 74/75 and 85/84 in younger children.

Virulence factors and antibiotic susceptibility in enterococci isolated from oral mucosal and deep infections.

Objective: This study evaluates the presence of virulence factors and antibiotic susceptibility among enterococcal isolates from oral mucosal and deep infections.

Methods: Forty-three enterococcal strains from oral mucosal lesions and 18 from deep infections were isolated from 830 samples that were sent during 2 years to Oral Microbiology, University of Gothenburg, for analysis. The 61 strains were identified by 16S rDNA, and characterized by the presence of the virulence genes efa A (endocarditis gene), gel E (gelatinase gene), ace (collagen binding antigen gene), asa (aggregation substance gene), cyl A (cytolysin activator gene) and esp (surface adhesin gene), tested for the production of bacteriocins and presence of plasmids.

Pellicle and early dental plaque in periodontitis patients before and after surgical pocket elimination.

Objective: Gingival inflammation may affect the composition of the dental pellicle and initial acquisition of bacteria, which in turn could affect the healing of the periodontal pocket. The aim of this study was to examine the dental pellicle and early supragingival biofilms in periodontitis patients with an established subgingival infiltrate before and after surgical pocket elimination.

Materials And Methods: Eleven patients with remaining pockets were selected.

A prospective study on oral microbial flora and related variables in dentate dependent elderly residents.

Objective: Oral microorganisms and related variables were followed over a 1-year period in dentate dependent elderly.

Background: For nursing personnel, oral hygiene for the dependent elderly is demanding. It requires good knowledge of how to carry out preventive oral health measures and to judge when help is needed.

Detection of periodontal markers in chronic periodontitis.

The aim was to compare the detection frequency of periodontopathogens by using the Pado Test 4.5 and checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization technique in chronic periodontitis patients.Thirty patients with chronic periodontitis were tested cross-sectionally with DNA/RNA oligogenomic probe method (IAI Pado Test 4.