A tissue-engineered therapeutic device inhibits tumor growth in vitro and in vivo.

Bone metastasis is one of the leading causes of death in breast cancer patients. The current treatment is performed as a palliative therapy and the adverse side effects can compromise the patients' quality of life. In order to both effectively treat bone metastasis and avoid the limitation of current strategies, we have invented a drug eluting scaffold with clay matrix release doxorubicin (DESCLAYMR_DOX) to mechanically support the structure after resecting the metastatic tissue while also releasing the anticancer drug doxorubicin which supplements growth inhibition and elimination of the remaining tumor cells.

Preconditioning Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells with a Low Concentration of BMP2 Stimulates Proliferation and Osteogenic Differentiation In Vitro.

Clinical trials using bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP2) for bone reconstruction have shown promising results. However, the relatively high concentration needed to be effective raises concerns for efficacy and safety. The aim of this study was to investigate the osteogenic effect of an alternative treatment strategy in which human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) are preconditioned with low concentrations of BMP2 for a short time in vitro.

The osteogenic effect of erythropoietin on human mesenchymal stromal cells is dose-dependent and involves non-hematopoietic receptors and multiple intracellular signaling pathways.

Erythropoietin (EPO) is a pleiotropic growth factor. Of interest for skeletal tissue engineering, the non-hematopoietic capabilities of EPO include its osteogenic and angiogenic potencies. The main aim of this study was to investigate the dose-response relationship and determine the lowest effective dose of EPO that reliably increases the osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs).

Phenol red inhibits chondrogenic differentiation and affects osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells in vitro.

The purpose with this study was to investigate the effect of phenol red (PR) on chondrogenic and osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). hMSCs were differentiated into chondrogenic and osteogenic directions in DMEM with and without PR for 2, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days. Gene expression of chondrogenic and osteogenic markers were analyzed by RT-qPCR.

Flow perfusion culture of human mesenchymal stem cells on coralline hydroxyapatite scaffolds with various pore sizes.

Bone grafts are widely used in orthopaedic reconstructive surgery, but harvesting of autologous grafts is limited due to donor site complications. Bone tissue engineering is a possible alternative source for substitutes, and to date, mainly small scaffold sizes have been evaluated. The aim of this study was to obtain a clinically relevant substitute size using a direct perfusion culture system.

Self-assembled composite matrix in a hierarchical 3-D scaffold for bone tissue engineering.

It is of high clinical relevance in bone tissue engineering that scaffolds promote a high seeding efficiency of cells capable of osteogenic differentiation, such as human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). We evaluated the effects of a novel polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffold on hMSC seeding efficiency, proliferation, distribution and differentiation. Porous PCL meshes prepared by fused deposition modeling (FDM) were embedded in matrix of hyaluronic acid, methylated collagen and terpolymer via polyelectrolyte complex coacervation.

A traditional Chinese medicine formula extracts stimulate proliferation and inhibit mineralization of human mesenchymal stem cells in vitro.

Aim Of The Study: To investigate the effects of a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula extract, named as ZD-I, on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) in vitro.

Materials And Methods: When hMSCs cultivated in the basal medium with ZD-I, cell viability was assessed by MTT assay and cellular proliferation was assessed by SYBR green I assay. The effects of ZD-I on osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs were assessed by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, mineralization assay and real-time RT-PCR.

Effect of dynamic 3-D culture on proliferation, distribution, and osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells.

Ex vivo engineering of autologous bone tissue as an alternative to bone grafting is a major clinical need. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of 3-D dynamic spinner flask culture on the proliferation, distribution, and differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Immortalized human MSCs were cultured on porous 75:25 PLGA scaffolds for up to 3 weeks.

Morphology, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells cultured on titanium, tantalum, and chromium surfaces.

Metallic implants are widely used in orthopedic surgery and dentistry. Durable osseous fixation of an implant requires that osteoprogenitor cells attach and adhere to the implant, proliferate, differentiate into osteoblasts, and produce mineralized matrix. In the present study, we investigated the interactions between human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and smooth surfaces of titanium (Ti), tantalum (Ta), and chromium (Cr).

Optimizing viral and non-viral gene transfer methods for genetic modification of porcine mesenchymal stem cells.

Introduction: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) provide an excellent source of pluripotent progenitor cells for tissue-engineering applications due to their proliferation capacity and differentiation potential. Genetic modification of MSCs with genes encoding tissue-specific growth factors and cytokines can induce and maintain lineage-specific differentiation. Due to anatomical and physiological similarities to humans, porcine research models have been proven valuable for the preclinical testing of tissue engineering protocols in large animals.

Mesenchymal stem cell ingrowth and differentiation on coralline hydroxyapatite scaffolds.

Culture of osteogenic cells on a porous scaffold could offer a new solution to bone grafting using autologous human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) from the patient. We compared coralline hydroxyapatite scaffolds with pore sizes of 200 and 500 microm for expansion and differentiation of hMSCs. We cultivated the hMSC statically or in spinner flasks for 1, 7, 14 and 21 days and found that the 200-microm pore scaffolds exhibited a faster rate of osteogenic differentiation than did the 500-microm pore scaffolds as shown by an alkaline phosphatase activity assay and real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction for 10 osteogenic markers.

Effects of bone protein extract on human mesenchymal stem cells proliferation and differentiation.

Since its osteoinductive capacity has been established, demineralized bone matrix is considered a suitable alternative to bone autograft in the healing of osseous defects. The mechanisms of bone formation induction are still not fully understood. In this study we assessed the effects of a dispersion of bovine bone extract COLLOSS (BPE) with regard to proliferation and differentiation of a human mesenchymal stem cell line overexpressing human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hMSC-TERT).

Cytokine profiles in conditioned media from cultured human intervertebral disc tissue. Implications of their effect on bone marrow stem cell metabolism.

Background: Cytokines released from intervertebral discs cultured in vitro have not been profiled, and the effect of these cytokines on human bone marrow stem cells is yet to be studied.

Materials And Methods: Intervertebral discs from 14 patients who had undergone spinal fusion surgery were cultured separately in vitro. Conditioned media were collected after 48 and 96 h of culture in serum-free Minimum Essential Medium (MEM).

Stimulation of porcine bone marrow stromal cells by hyaluronan, dexamethasone and rhBMP-2.

In the interest of optimizing osteogenesis in in vitro, the present study sought to determine how porcine bone marrow stromal cell (BMSc) would respond to different concentrations of hyaluronan (HY) and its different combinations with dexamethasone (Dex) and recombinant human bone morphogenic protein-2 (rhBMP-2). Cellular proliferation was determined by 3H-thymidine incorporation into DNA at both Days 2 and 7 when BMSc was cultivated with HY at concentrations of 0, 0.5, 1.

Engineering of bone tissue with porcine bone marrow stem cells in three-dimensional trabecular metal: in vitro and in vivo studies.

The aim of this study was to investigate capability of cell attachment and ectopic bone formation in pigs after either ex vivo transplantation and expansion of bone marrow stem cells (BMSc) into three-dimensional porous tantalum, or porous tantalum supplemented with BMSc. After 24 hours incubation, cells adhering to the porous tantalum discs were quantified by means of scintillation counting of 3H-thymidine-labeled cells. After 7 days of incubation, the cell-loaded porous tantalum discs were harvested for histological analysis or implanted in the infrasternal muscle; an empty disc and disc implanted immediately after cell loading served as controls.