Exploring the effects of culture conditions on Yapsin () gene expression in .

, previously known as , has the great potential to cause systemic fungal infections despite its similarity to baker's yeast. Its pathogenicity is attributed to the production of numerous virulence factors, among which the genes (-) encoding aspartyl proteases have yet to be sufficiently characterized, and limited studies suggest their involvement in cellular homeostasis. The study's novelty is an investigation of the role of in ability to adapt to different host environments.

Secreted Aspartic Proteinases: Key Factors in Infections and Host-Pathogen Interactions.

Extracellular proteases are key factors contributing to the virulence of pathogenic fungi from the genus . Their proteolytic activities are crucial for extracting nutrients from the external environment, degrading host defenses, and destabilizing the internal balance of the human organism. Currently, the enzymes most frequently described in this context are secreted aspartic proteases (Saps).

Glyceraldehyde 3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase on the Surface of and Cells-A Moonlighting Protein That Binds Human Vitronectin and Plasminogen and Can Adsorb to Pathogenic Fungal Cells via Major Adhesins Als3 and Epa6.

and other closely related pathogenic yeast-like fungi carry on their surface numerous loosely adsorbed "moonlighting proteins"-proteins that play evolutionarily conserved intracellular functions but also appear on the cell surface and exhibit additional functions, e.g., contributing to attachment to host tissues.

The Recruitment and Activation of Plasminogen by Bacteria-The Involvement in Chronic Infection Development.

The development of infections caused by pathogenic bacteria is largely related to the specific properties of the bacterial cell surface and extracellular hydrolytic activity. Furthermore, a significant role of hijacking of host proteolytic cascades by pathogens during invasion should not be disregarded during consideration of the mechanisms of bacterial virulence. This is the key factor for the pathogen evasion of the host immune response, tissue damage, and pathogen invasiveness at secondary infection sites after initial penetration through tissue barriers.

Living together: The role of Candida albicans in the formation of polymicrobial biofilms in the oral cavity.

The oral cavity of humans is colonized by diversity of microbial community, although dominated by bacteria, it is also constituted by a low number of fungi, often represented by Candida albicans. Although in the vast minority, this usually commensal fungus under certain conditions of the host (e.g.

Rhythmic changes in metabolism of dopamine in the chick retina: the importance of light versus biological clock.

Rhythmic changes in dopamine (DA) content and metabolism were studied in retinas of chicks that were adapted to three different lighting conditions: 12-h light : 12-h dark (LD), constant darkness (DD) and continuous light (LL). Retinas of chicks kept under LD conditions exhibited light-dark-dependent variations in the steady-state level of DA and the two metabolites of DA, i.e.