Natural history of periodontitis: Disease progression and tooth loss over 40 years.

Objectives: To assess long-term attachment and periodontitis-related tooth loss (PTL) in untreated periodontal disease over 40 years.

Material And Methods: Data originated from the natural history of periodontitis study in Sri Lankan tea labourers first examined in 1970. In 2010, 75 subjects (15.

Clinical course of chronic periodontitis: effect of lifelong light smoking (20 years) on loss of attachment and teeth.

Aim: To examine the lifelong effect of light smoking on periodontal health.

Methods: The data were derived from a 20-year longitudinal study of a group of Norwegian, middle-class males. The patients were subset according to their smoking history.

The clinical course of chronic periodontitis: V. Predictive factors in periodontal disease.

Background: The factors associated with initial periodontitis are not well understood and cannot be identified by cross-sectional studies.

Aim: To identify the factors associated with the initiation of chronic periodontitis using ante-dependence modelling.

Material And Methods: A 26-year longitudinal study of the natural history of periodontitis served as the basis for the study.

The natural history of periodontal disease in humans: risk factors for tooth loss in caries-free subjects receiving no oral health care.

Aim: No long-term studies have reported on risk factors for tooth loss in subjects without home or professional dental care. The purpose of this report is to identify potential risk factors for tooth loss among male Sri Lankan tea labourers who participated in a 20-year investigation of the natural history of periodontal disease.

Material And Methods: Data for this report were obtained from the 455 subjects who participated in multiple examinations over the 20-year period from 1970 to 1990.

The clinical course of chronic periodontitis.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to assess the long-term influence of gingival inflammation on tooth loss.

Material And Methods: The data originated from a 26-year longitudinal study of Norwegian males, who practiced adequate daily oral home care and received "state-of-the-art" dental care. The initial examination in 1969 included 565 individuals aged between 16 and 34 years.

Clinical course of chronic periodontitis. III. Patterns, variations and risks of attachment loss.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to assess the rate of attachment loss during various stages of adult life in a well-maintained middle-class population.

Material And Methods: The data originated from a 26-year longitudinal study of Norwegian males who had received regular and adequate dental care and practised daily oral home care. The initial examination in 1969 included 565 individuals aged between 16 and 34 years.

Clinical course of chronic periodontitis. II. Incidence, characteristics and time of occurrence of the initial periodontal lesion.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to assess the initiation and progression of periodontal disease during adult life.

Materials And Methods: In a 26-year longitudinal investigation of the initiation and progression of chronic periodontitis that started in 1969 and included 565 men of Norwegian middle class, 223 who had participated in some, but not all, intermediate examinations presented at the last survey in 1995. Fifty-four individuals were available for examination in all seven surveys.

Clinical course of chronic periodontitis. I. Role of gingivitis.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of long-standing gingival inflammation on periodontal attachment loss. On the basis of repeated examinations, the present report describes the influence of gingival inflammation on the initiation of periodontitis from 16 to 59 years of age.

Material And Methods: The data originated from a 26-year longitudinal study of Norwegian males, who practiced daily oral home care and received state-of-the-art dental care.

The natural history of periodontal disease in man. Risk factors for progression of attachment loss in individuals receiving no oral health care.

Background: Few investigations have reported on risk factors for periodontal attachment loss over time in subjects with no home or professional dental care. The purpose of this report was to identify potential risk factors for progression of periodontal attachment loss among male Sri Lankan tea laborers who participated in a 20-year investigation of the natural history of periodontal disease.

Methods: Data for this report were obtained from the 154 subjects who participated in the 1970 baseline and the final 1990 examinations and included data from their interim examinations performed in 1971, 1973, 1977, 1982, and 1985.

The influence of margins of restorations of the periodontal tissues over 26 years.

Aim: The purpose of this investigation was to examine the long-term relationship between dental restorations and periodontal health.

Material And Methods: The data derived from a 26-year longitudinal study of a group of Scandinavian middle-class males characterized by good to moderate oral hygiene and regular dental check-ups. At each of 7 examinations between 1969 and 1995, the mesial and buccal surfaces were scored for dental, restorative and periodontal parameters.

The informativeness of attachment loss on tooth mortality.

Background: In periodontal clinical trials, clinical attachment level measurements are commonly used as surrogates for tooth loss. Conclusions regarding treatment efficacy in these trials are valid if: 1) the surrogate is informative on tooth loss, and 2) the surrogate captures the effect of treatment on tooth loss. The goal of this study was to evaluate the first criterion: Are serial clinical attachment loss measurements informative on overall tooth mortality?

Methods: Young Norwegian men (aged 17 to 35) were first examined in 1969 (n=565) and followed for 26 years with examinations in 1971 (n=381), 1973 (n=292), 1975 (n=245), 1981 (n=228), 1988 (n=202), and 1995 (n=223).

Forty-five-year tooth survival probabilities among men in Oslo, Norway.

Changes in tooth survival probabilities over a person's lifetime have remained largely unexplored. The goal of this study was to evaluate changes in the 45-year tooth survival probabilities in a cohort of 565 Norwegian males who were examined in 1969 as young adults, and followed up into mid-life (examination years and sample sizes (n): 1971 (n = 381), 1973 (n = 292), 1975 (n = 245), 1981 (n = 228), 1988 (n = 202), and 1995 (n = 223). The results indicated that the tooth survival probabilities varied considerably both (i) among teeth within individuals, and (ii) over time.

The natural history of periodontal disease. The correlation of selected microbiological parameters with disease severity in Sri Lankan tea workers.

The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of A. actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Prevotella intermedia, and their association with periodontal disease states in a population sample from Sri Lanka. Based on clinical parameters, a total of 536 sites in 268 male Sri Lankan tea workers were categorized as healthy, or showing gingivitis only, moderate or advanced periodontitis.

The natural history of periodontal disease in man: prevalence, severity, and extent of gingival recession.

This paper describes the occurrence and levels of gingival recession in 2 cohorts of individuals participating in parallel longitudinal studies in Norway (1969-1988) and Sri Lanka (1970-1990), covering the age range from 15 to 50 years. In the Norwegian cohort gingival recession had begun early in life. It occurred in greater than or equal to 60% of the 20 year-olds and was confined to the buccal surfaces.

Errors in measuring parameters associated with periodontal health and disease.

The intra-examiner reliability for the Plaque Index (PII), Calculus Index (CI), Gingival Index (GI), and periodontal loss of attachment (LA) was evaluated in 2 different physical and clinical environments. Examiner reliability for each index was consistently better when clinical evaluations were performed in an office setting on subjects who had low levels of periodontal disease than under more difficult field conditions evaluating subjects with higher disease levels. In an office environment intra-examiner reliabilities were very good for subject-based averages (intraclass r's were 0.

The natural history and clinical course of calculus formation in man.

This paper describes levels and progression of supra- and subgingival calculus undisturbed by active professional intervention or home care between 1970 and 1985 in Sri Lanka, or when removed at regular intervals between 1969 and 1988 in Norway. In the Sri Lankan tea laborers, both supra- and subgingival calculus formation started before age 14 years. At 40 years of age, all participants and almost all teeth and tooth surfaces had calculus.

Natural history of periodontal disease in man. Rapid, moderate and no loss of attachment in Sri Lankan laborers 14 to 46 years of age.

This paper describes the initiation, rate of progress of periodontal disease and consequent tooth loss in a population never exposed to any programs or incidents relative to prevention and treatment of dental diseases. The group consisted of 480 male laborers at two tea plantations in Sri Lanka. The study design and baseline data have been published.

The use of six selected teeth in population measures of periodontal status.

Selected teeth have been used to represent the entire dentition in many epidemiological and clinical investigations. The present study sought to assess the relationship between the six selected teeth described by Ramfjord and the entire dentition for the Plaque Index, Gingival Index, Calculus Index and Loss of Attachment. The computations were performed on measurements obtained in investigations of the natural history of periodontal disease in Norway and Sri Lanka.

The natural history of periodontal disease in man. The rate of periodontal destruction before 40 years of age.

This longitudinal study of randomly selected Norwegian students and academicians has shown that 50% of the 17-year olds have lost no periodontal support, and the other 50% exhibited slight localized loss of attachment primarily on buccal surfaces of first molars and first bicuspids of both jaws. At 21 all students show one or more of these lesions as well as loss of attachment on interproximal surfaces. At 30 years of age the mean cumulative loss is still less than 1 mm.