Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis and Helminthiasis. A Case-Based Review.

Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) is an uncommon and underreported neurological condition. This condition has varied aetiologies, clinical manifestations, and significant sequelae if left untreated. We report the case of a 10-year-old male with fever, altered sensorium, cranial nerve neuropathies, and left hemiplegia.

Clinicopathological profile and management challenges of congenital encephaloceles in a tertiary hospital in southwest Nigeria.

Purpose: A congenital encephalocele is the herniation of intracranial contents through skull defects of various sizes. Depending on the site, content, and size, it is associated with significant morbidity and mortality in children. There is a paucity of recent and comprehensive local clinical data regarding this anomaly.

Titanium mesh cranioplasty for cosmetically disfiguring cranio-facial tumours in a resource limited setting.

Background: The aesthetic reconstruction of disfiguring cranio-facial defects after tumour excision can be quite challenging to the neurosurgeon with limited resources. The choice of cranioplasty implant, intraoperative technicalities and the patients' postoperative appearance are critical considerations in management. There are a number of synthetic materials available for cranioplasty, however, the customised implants are not readily available in our practice setup.

Maternal diet quality and associations with body composition and diet quality of preschool children: A longitudinal study.

Background: Nutrition, associated with nutritional status, influences the growth of children. This study aimed to identify the association between maternal diet quality and the diet and body composition of their children.

Methods: This is a prospective longitudinal study with mother-child pairs.

Outcome of Delayed Administration of Alteplase in a Resource-Poor Area: A Case Report.

An acute ischemic stroke, though carrying the risk of debilitating complications, is a preventable and treatable disease. Thrombolysis and endovascular thrombectomy are important components of its management. However, various challenges in resource-poor countries like Nigeria and other developing nations pose a great limitation in the timely intervention of ischemic stroke treatment.

Prevalence of Congenital Anomaly and Its Relationship with Maternal Education and Age According to Local Development in the Extreme South of Brazil.

Congenital anomalies (CA) contribute to disabilities and health conditions throughout life. Furthermore, they can cause emotional distress to the mothers and children, who may also experience limitations in individual and social development. This study investigated the prevalence of CA and the relationship with maternal education and age according to local development in the extreme south of Brazil.

A single centre 20-year retrospective cohort study: Percutaneous endoscopic colostomy.

Aim: Percutaneous endoscopic colostomy (PEC) represents an important intervention in specific patients. Limited data currently exist. We present the largest recorded study of patients undergoing PEC.

Nigerian resident doctors' work schedule: A national study.

Background And Aim: The deleterious effects of Resident Doctors' (RDs') long duty hours are well documented. Driven by concerns over the physician's well-being and patient safety, the RDs' duty hours in many developed countries have been capped. However, in Nigeria and many African countries, there are no official regulations on work hours of RDs.

Attenuated Familial Adenomatous Polyposis: A Phenotypic Diagnosis but Obsolete Term?

Background: Attenuated familial adenomatous polyposis is characterised by low number (≤100) and delayed development of colorectal adenomas. Various definitions have been used, and genotype-phenotype correlations have been suggested.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate phenotypic and genotypic correlation in patients with presumed attenuated familial adenomatous polyposis and assess familial variability.

Regular endoscopic surveillance and polypectomy is effective in managing rectal adenoma progression following colectomy and ileorectal anastomosis in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis.

Aim: Total colectomy with ileorectal anastomosis (TC-IRA) is a surgical option for patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). Regular endoscopic surveillance of the rectum is recommended to prevent rectal cancer. We aimed to document polyp progression in the rectum following TC-IRA and evaluate the role of polypectomy during surveillance.

Hydrocephalus Management Challenges in a Low-income Country: A Review Article.

Hydrocephalus is a very common brain disorder affecting both children and adult populations. Its global burden has been well documented in the literature, and its management is not without challenges and complications, especially in low-income countries. This study aims at reviewing the management of hydrocephalus in a tertiary hospital in Nigeria and illustrating two cases managed with peculiar challenges.

Clinicopathological Profile of Central Nervous System Tumors in a Tertiary Hospital in Southwest Nigeria.

Background: Central nervous system tumors are a complex heterogeneous group of neoplasm comprising both benign and malignant tumors with varied patterns in clinical picture and histologic profile. There have been some similarities and differences seen in the pattern of clinicopathological profile worldwide, however, there is a paucity of study to show the pattern in Nigeria.

Aim: This study aimed at describing the clinical and histopathological pattern of central nervous system tumors in our institution.

The influence of the municipal human development index and maternal education on infant mortality: an investigation in a retrospective cohort study in the extreme south of Brazil.

Background: Infant mortality is considered an important and sensitive health indicator in several countries, especially in underdeveloped and developing countries. Most of the factors influencing infant mortality are interrelated and are the result of social issues. Therefore, this study performed an investigation of the influence of the MHDI and maternal education on infant mortality in a capital in the extreme south of Brazil.

Polyp Progression in Paediatric Patients With Familial Adenomatous Polyposis: A Single-centre Experience.

Objectives: Prophylactic colectomy at a premalignant stage is the cornerstone of management of familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). Before surgery, colonoscopy surveillance is recommended in children with FAP. This study aimed to examine the natural history of FAP in children by evaluating adenoma progression and factors influencing timing of colectomy.

Gastric adenomas and their management in familial adenomatous polyposis.

Background: Patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) are at increased risk of developing gastric adenomas. There is limited understanding of their clinical course and no consensus on management. We reviewed the management of gastric adenomas in patients with FAP from two centers.

Safety and efficacy of laparoscopic near-total colectomy and ileo-distal sigmoid anastomosis as a modification of total colectomy and ileorectal anastomosis for prophylactic surgery in patients with adenomatous polyposis syndromes: a comparative study.

Aim: Colectomy in patients with adenomatous polyposis (AP) syndromes demands good oncological and surgical outcome. Total colectomy with ileorectal anastomosis (TC-IRA) is one surgical option for these patients. Anastomotic leakage rates of 11% have been reported following TC-IRA.

Systematic literature review of learning curves for colorectal polyp resection techniques in lower gastrointestinal endoscopy.

Aim: The performance of therapeutic procedures in lower gastrointestinal endoscopy (LGI) can be challenging and carries an increased risk of adverse events. There is increasing demand for the training of endoscopists in these procedures, but limited guidelines exist concerning procedural competency. The aim of this study was to assess the learning curves for LGI polypectomy, colorectal endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) and colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD).

The association of age with the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of colorectal cancer: a UK single-centre retrospective study.

Introduction: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is uncommon in patients under the age of 40 years and its association with poor histological features and survival is uncertain. This study aimed to evaluate age-related differences in clinicopathological features and prognosis in patients diagnosed with CRC.

Method: A single-centre retrospective review of all patients diagnosed with CRC between 2004 and 2013 was performed.

Right and Transverse Colonic Multi-Visceral Resections for Locally Advanced Cancers-a Single-Center Experience.

Locally advanced colorectal tumors constitute to about 5-22% of all colorectal cancers at the time of presentation. Multi-visceral resection is usually required for such cases in order to achieve curative resection (R0). We aim to present our experience of right and transverse colonic en bloc resections and their outcomes.

Risk of metachronous colorectal cancer following colectomy in Lynch syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Aim: Lynch syndrome (LS) accounts for 2-4% of all colorectal cancer (CRC) cases, and is associated with an increased risk of developing metachronous colorectal cancer (mCRC). The role of extended colectomy in LS CRC is controversial. There are limited studies comparing the risk of mCRC following segmental colectomy and extended colectomy.

The Prevalence of Clinically Significant Prostate Cancer According to Commonly Used Histological Thresholds in Men Undergoing Template Prostate Mapping Biopsies.

Purpose: Transrectal prostate biopsies are inaccurate and, thus, the prevalence of clinically significant prostate cancer in men undergoing biopsy is unknown. We determined the ability of different histological thresholds to denote clinically significant cancer in men undergoing a more accurate biopsy, that of transperineal template prostate mapping.

Materials And Methods: In this multicenter, cross-sectional cohort of men who underwent template prostate mapping biopsies between May 2006 and January 2012, 4 different thresholds of significance combining tumor grade and burden were used to measure the consequent variation with respect to the prevalence of clinically significant disease.

Primary breast lymphoma presenting as non-healing axillary abscess.

A 67-year-old woman with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus with a history consistent with a right axillary abscess, presented to her general practitioner (GP). A diagnosis of folliculitis was made and the GP started a course of flucloxacillin. Despite antibiotics, the patient's symptoms worsened and the abscess increased in size.