Prediction of Drug Clearance from Enzyme and Transporter Kinetics.

Accurate estimation of in vivo clearance in human is pivotal to determine the dose and dosing regimen for drug development. In vitro-in vivo extrapolation (IVIVE) has been performed to predict drug clearance using empirical and physiological scalars. Multiple in vitro systems and mathematical modeling techniques have been employed to estimate in vivo clearance.

The mesentery: an ADME perspective on a 'new' organ.

With the inclusion of mesentery, the total number of human organs has recently increased by one. The mesentery was formerly construed to be a complex, discontinuous anatomical structure simply serving as a support for organs in abdominal cavity. However, recent research has established the mesentery to be a far more simple and unfragmented organ.

Herb-drug interactions: challenges and opportunities for improved predictions.

Supported by a usage history that predates written records and the perception that "natural" ensures safety, herbal products have increasingly been incorporated into Western health care. Consumers often self-administer these products concomitantly with conventional medications without informing their health care provider(s). Such herb-drug combinations can produce untoward effects when the herbal product perturbs the activity of drug metabolizing enzymes and/or transporters.