Single and consecutive 10-day remote ischemic preconditioning modify physical performance, post-exercise exerkine levels, and inflammation.

Purpose: Remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) is a method of protection against induced ischemia reperfusion injury, and an increasing number of studies showed some of its inconclusive ergogenic effects in sports. RIPC involves short cycles of cuff inflation followed by its deflation which may affect many body systems. While most of the studies focus on single RIPC effects, there is insufficient data regarding training-like repeated RIPC interventions.

Effect of Single High-Dose Vitamin D Supplementation on Post-Ultra Mountain Running Heart Damage and Iron Metabolism Changes: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial.

Exercise-induced inflammation can influence iron metabolism. Conversely, the effects of vitamin D, which possesses anti-inflammatory properties, on ultramarathon-induced heart damage and changes in iron metabolism have not been investigated. Thirty-five healthy long-distance semi-amateur runners were divided into two groups: one group received 150,000 IU of vitamin D 24 h prior to a race ( = 16), while the other group received a placebo ( = 19).

Eight-day fasting modulates serum kynurenines in healthy men at rest and after exercise.

Introduction: Tryptophan's (Trp) metabolites are undervalued markers of human health. Their serum concentrations are modified by physical exercise and other factors, among which fasting has a well-documented role. Although this mechanism is hardly explored, thus, the study aimed to determine the effect of the 8-day fasting period and the impact of such a procedure on a single bout of an endurance exercise on the concentration of kynurenine pathway (KP) metabolites.

The Beneficial Effects of Nordic Walking Training Combined with Time-Restricted Eating 14/24 in Women with Abnormal Body Composition Depend on the Application Period.

The aim of the study was to assess the impact of two lengths of Nordic walking (NW) training interventions combined with time-restricted eating (TRE) on improving body-composition parameters, lipid profiles, and levels of selected adipokines in women with elevated body mass. Overweight and obese women ( = 55, age: 21-85) were recruited. Four groups were selected: 6 weeks (SG6, = 13) and 12 weeks intervention (SG12, = 13); and two control groups: CON6 ( = 13) and CON12 ( = 13).

The Impact of a 6-Week Nordic Walking Training Cycle and a 14-Hour Intermittent Fasting on Disease Activity Markers and Serum Levels of Wnt Pathway-Associated Proteins in Patients with Multiple Myeloma.

: Multiple myeloma (MM) accounts for about 10-15% of all diagnosed hematologic malignancies and about 1-2% of all cancer cases. Approximately 80-90% of MM patients develop bone disease and the changes rarely regress. It is only possible to stop or slow their progression.

Eight-Day Fast and a Single Bout of Exercise: The Effect on Serum Methylarginines and Amino Acids in Men.

Changes in serum concentration of methylarginines and amino acids after exercise are well documented, whereas the effects of exercise applied together with fasting are still debated and not thoroughly studied. Thus, we hypothesised that alterations in methylarginines such as ADMA, SDMA and L-NMMA might be responsible for decreased exercise performance after 8 days of fasting. Additionally, we propose that conditions in which the human body is exposed to prolonged fasting for more than a week elicit a distinctly different response to exercise than after overnight fasting.

The Effect of Long-Lasting Swimming on Rats Skeletal Muscles Energy Metabolism after Nine Days of Dexamethasone Treatment.

This study investigates the effect of Dexamethasone (Dex) treatment on blood and skeletal muscle metabolites level and skeletal muscle activity of enzymes related to energy metabolism after long-duration swimming. To evaluate whether Dex treatment, swimming, and combining these factors act on analyzed data, rats were randomly divided into four groups: saline treatment non-exercise and exercise and Dex treatment non-exercised and exercised. Animals in both exercised groups underwent long-lasting swimming.

Short and long-term effects of high-intensity interval training applied alone or with whole-body cryostimulation on glucose homeostasis and myokine levels in overweight to obese subjects.

: COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated the problem of physical inactivity and weight gain. Consequently, new strategies to counteract weight gain are being sought. Because of their accessibility, interval training and cold therapy are the most popular such strategies.

Fasting and Exercise Induce Changes in Serum Vitamin D Metabolites in Healthy Men.

Background: Vitamin D plays pleiotropic roles in the body and hence, changes in its metabolism and distribution during starvation could play an important role in the adaptive response to famine. We aimed to identify the responses of some vitamin D metabolites to 8 d of fasting and exercise.

Methods: A repeated-measures design was implemented, in which 14 male volunteers fasted for 8 d and performed an exercise test before and after fasting.

Single High-Dose Vitamin D Supplementation as an Approach for Reducing Ultramarathon-Induced Inflammation: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial.

: A growing number of studies indicate the importance of vitamin D supplementation for sports performance. However, the effects of a single high-dose vitamin D supplementation on ultramarathon-induced inflammation have not been investigated. We here analyzed the effect of a single high-dose vitamin D supplementation on the inflammatory marker levels in ultramarathon runners after an ultramarathon run (maximal run 240 km).

Effect of 8-Day Fasting on Leukocytes Expression of Genes and Proteins Involved in Iron Metabolism in Healthy Men.

The popularity of fasting and restricted food intake is increasing. While the body's adaptability to dietary insufficiency is crucial for health, molecular mechanisms of adaptive changes are not well understood. Here, we compared the effects of fasting and exercise on the expression of leukocyte genes and proteins involved in the storage, export, and acquisition of iron, an essential element with physiological roles.

Effect of Ischemic Preconditioning on Marathon-Induced Changes in Serum Exerkine Levels and Inflammation.

Participation in a long-distance run, e.g., marathon or ultramarathon, continues to increase.

Homocysteine-induced decrease in HUVEC cells' resistance to oxidative stress is mediated by Akt-dependent changes in iron metabolism.

Purpose: Hyperhomocysteinemia is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and also promotes neuronal death in various neurodegenerative diseases. There is evidence that iron can mediate homocysteine (Hcy) toxicity. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Hcy on iron metabolism in HUVEC and SH-SY5Y cells.

Marathon Run-induced Changes in the Erythropoietin-Erythroferrone-Hepcidin Axis are Iron Dependent.

Alterations in iron metabolism after physical activity are manifested through the rise of blood hepcidin (Hpc) levels. However, in many athletes, no changes in Hpc levels are observed after exercise despite the presence of inflammation. The missing links could be erythropoietin (EPO) and erythroferrone (ERFE), which down-regulate Hpc biosynthesis.

JNK/p66Shc/ITCH Signaling Pathway Mediates Angiotensin II-induced Ferritin Degradation and Labile Iron Pool Increase.

Angiotensin II (Ang II) induces deleterious changes in cellular iron metabolism and increases the generation of reactive oxygen species. This leads to an impairment of neuronal and vascular function. However, the mechanism underpinning Ang II-induced changes in iron metabolism is not known.

Ferritin Genes Overexpression in PBMC and a Rise in Exercise Performance as an Adaptive Response to Ischaemic Preconditioning in Young Men.

Objectives: The proposal of this study was to evaluate the effect of acute and ten-day ischaemic preconditioning (IPC) training procedure on the Wingate Anaerobic Test (WAnT), the ferritin H (), ferritin L (), and transferrin receptor 1 () mRNA expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), and anaerobic performance.

Method: 34 healthy men volunteers (aged 20.7 ± 1.

Iron Metabolism of the Skeletal Muscle and Neurodegeneration.

Recent studies clearly indicate that the endocrine function of the skeletal muscle is essential for a long and healthy life. Regular exercise, which has been shown to stimulate the release of myokines, lowers the risk of many diseases, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, emphasizing the role of skeletal muscle in proper functioning of other tissues. In addition, exercise increases insulin sensitivity, which may also impact iron metabolism.

hmSOD1 gene mutation-induced disturbance in iron metabolism is mediated by impairment of Akt signalling pathway.

Background: Recently, skeletal muscle atrophy, impairment of iron metabolism, and insulin signalling have been reported in rats suffering from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). However, the interrelationship between these changes has not been studied. We hypothesize that an impaired Akt-FOXO3a signalling pathway triggers changes in the iron metabolism in the muscles of transgenic animals.

Cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis is associated with c-Jun NH(2)-terminal kinase 1-dependent ferritin degradation and iron-dependent free radicals formation.

Objectives: The main goal of this work was to get insight into the mechanism of cerulein-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and impact of c-Jun NH(2)-terminal kinase (JNK) on this process.

Methods: The study was performed on Wistar rats and on a cellular model of acute pancreatitis (AP) using AR42J cell line.

Results: First of all, we observed that during AP, the iron storage protein ferritin in the rat pancreas undergoes degradation accompanied by an increased formation of protein carbonyls.

Diallyl trisulfide is more cytotoxic to prostate cancer cells PC-3 than to noncancerous epithelial cell line PNT1A: a possible role of p66Shc signaling axis.

Diallyl trisulfide (DATS) is an organosulfur compound isolated from garlic, and has been shown to have anticancer activity both in vitro and in vivo. The aim of this study was to compare cytotoxic effects of DATS on prostate cancer cells PC-3 and noncancerous human prostate epithelial cells PNT1A. PC-3 prostate cancer and noncancerous human prostate epithelial cells PNT1A were used in the study.

Diallyl trisulfide-induced prostate cancer cell death is associated with Akt/PKB dephosphorylation mediated by P-p66shc.

Purpose: P66Shc, an isoform of adaptor proteins, is known to mediate various signals including those leading to apoptosis or cell proliferation. Previously, we have shown that diallyl trisulfide (DATS)-induced prostate cancer cell death was mediated by increased ROS formation. In this study, we investigated the role of p66Shc protein and its serine 36 phosphorylation in DATS induced decrease in prostate cancer cell viability (PC-3).

Impact of JNK1, JNK2, and ligase Itch on reactive oxygen species formation and survival of prostate cancer cells treated with diallyl trisulfide.

Purpose: In our previous study, we demonstrated that diallyl trisulfide (DATS) induced iron-dependent G2-M arrest of prostate cancer cell cycle. Moreover, ferritin degradation and an increase of labile iron pool has been linked to the activation of the JNK signaling axis. In the present work, we extended this study to determine which of the c-jun kinases is responsible for ferritin degradation and the role of iron in DATS-induced cell death.

P66Shc mediated ferritin degradation--a novel mechanism of ROS formation.

Diallyl trisulfide (DATS) has been shown to induce the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in prostate cancer cells, which was accompanied by a decrease in the ferritin protein level and an increase in the labile iron pool (LIP). However, the mechanism of the ferritin degradation has not been fully elucidated. In this paper we demonstrate that DATS-induced ROS formation depends on p66Shc.