Binge eating in obese adolescents: emotional and behavioral characteristics and impact on health-related quality of life.

Purpose: This study explored binge eating among an adolescent obese population to ascertain the prevalence of bingeing, the relationship between binge eating and body mass index (BMI), and to evaluate significant relationships between binge eating, emotional/behavioral functioning, and health-related quality of life.

Methods: Participants included 102 overweight adolescents aged 12-17 years presenting to a multidisciplinary outpatient obesity clinic. Data obtained included height, weight, and self-report questionnaire data on emotional and behavioral functioning.

Psychosocial functioning in children and adolescents with extreme obesity.

The aim of this study was to investigate the psychosocial differences among obese pediatric patients, particularly those who are "extremely obese" as compared to "obese." Information was collected for 249 subjects at a multidisciplinary treatment clinic for obese youth. A battery of measures was administered and demographic data and height/weight was obtained.

A comparison of asthma prevalence and morbidity between rural and urban schoolchildren in Arkansas.

Background: Asthma disproportionately affects minority and low-income children. Investigations that focus on high-risk pediatric populations outside the inner city are limited.

Objective: To compare asthma prevalence and morbidity in urban and rural children in Arkansas.

Effect of face mask dead volume, respiratory rate, and tidal volume on inhaled albuterol delivery.

Introduction: Pediatric patients often require metered-dose inhaler (MDI) with holding chamber (HC) to overcome lack of coordination when receiving inhaled therapy. In infants and young children unable to use a mouthpiece, it is necessary to use a mask interface. We compared the effect of varying mask static dead volume (SDV), respiratory rate (RR), and tidal volume (VT) on albuterol captured at the mouth opening (ACMO) in an in vitro model.

Underdiagnosed and uncontrolled asthma: findings in rural schoolchildren from the Delta region of Arkansas.

Background: Studies of asthma in school-aged rural children in the United States are limited, and there are no studies of high-risk pediatric populations in rural environments.

Objectives: To examine the prevalence of asthma and to evaluate markers of morbidity in 2 rural school districts in the Arkansas Delta region.

Methods: Children at risk for asthma were identified by using a cross-sectional asthma case-finding survey.

Effect of the AIN-93M purified diet and dietary restriction on survival in Sprague-Dawley rats: implications for chronic studies.

Survival, growth and dietary intake (DI) variables were monitored in a chronic 114-wk study in which male Sprague-Dawley rats [n = 120; National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR) colony] consumed the AIN-93M purified diet ad libitum (AL), or an amount reduced by 31% of total AL intake inclusive of all macro- and micronutrients. The main objectives were to ascertain the survival characteristics of rats fed the AIN-93M diet and to determine whether dietary restriction (DR) increases longevity of rats fed this casein-based diet compared with the use of mixed-protein sources of the NIH-31 cereal-based diet in an earlier study. Body, liver, brain, the brain/body ratio, spleen, thymus and kidney weights, body length and body density were decreased (P < 0.