Systemic Involvement in Immunoglobulin G4-Related Ophthalmic Disease.

Background: Immunoglobulin G4-related ophthalmic disease (IgG4-ROD) poses clinical challenges due to its heterogeneous ocular and systemic manifestations. We aim to report the systemic involvement and the clinical, serological and radiological associations of a cohort of Chinese patients.

Methods: A territory-wide, biopsy-proven, Chinese cohort.

Ocular Surface Evaluation in Immunoglobulin G4-Related Ophthalmic Disease.

Purpose: To evaluate the functional and structural changes of the meibomian glands and ocular surface in immunoglobulin G4-related ophthalmic disease (IgG4-ROD) patients.

Design: Cross-sectional, matched case-control comparison study.

Methods: This study included 64 patients with biopsy-proven IgG4-ROD (aged 63.

Treatment outcomes and their determinants of IgG4-related ophthalmic disease: a territory-wide cohort study.

Background: Oral corticosteroid remains the first-line treatment of IgG4-related ophthalmic disease, but steroid-dependence is common and serious. Factors associated with steroid dependence and relapse have to be further explored.

Study Population: A city-wide, biopsy-proven, Chinese cohort.

Radiological Determinants of Complicated Immunoglobulin G4-Related Ophthalmic Disease: A Territory-Wide Cohort Study.

Purpose: To evaluate the presenting radiological features of immunoglobulin G4-related ophthalmic disease (IgG4-ROD) and their associations with IgG4-related optic neuropathy (IgG4-RON), and IgG4-related ocular adnexal lymphoma (IgG4-ROL).

Methods: A territory-wide, biopsy-proven, Chinese cohort. Masked review of orbital images, medical records, and histopathology reports.

Malignancies in Immunoglobulin G4-related ophthalmic disease.

Purpose: Clinical phenotypes in Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) according to the patterns of affecting organs have different risks of malignancies. We attempt to determine the association of malignancies with IgG4-related ophthalmic disease (IgG4-ROD).

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Proceedings of the Neuro-Ophthalmology Program of the 33rd Asia-Pacific Academy of Ophthalmology Congress, Hong Kong, 8-11 February 2018.

The 33rd Asia-Pacific Academy of Ophthalmology (APAO) Congress was held on Feb 8-11, 2018 in Hong Kong. This report summarized the highlights of the neuro-ophthalmology program of the Congress, including the scientific symposia (invited and submitted) and the social activities.

Optic Disc and Macular Imaging in Blind Eyes from Non-glaucomatous Optic Neuropathy: A Study with Spectral-domain Optical Coherence Tomography.

The purpose of this study was to determine and compare the optic disc and macular thickness measurements using two spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) instruments in long-standing blind eyes diagnosed with non-glaucomatous optic neuropathies (NGON). A prospective observational case-series design was used. Twelve eyes from 12 NGON patients with no light perception for at least 6 months underwent optic disc and macular imaging with Cirrus HD-OCT and Spectralis OCT.

Ophthalmic randomized controlled trials reports: the statement of the hypothesis.

Purpose: To evaluate whether the ophthalmic randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were designed properly, their hypotheses stated clearly, and their conclusions drawn correctly.

Design: A systematic review of 206 ophthalmic RCTs.

Methods: The objective statement, methods, and results sections and the conclusions of RCTs published in 4 major general clinical ophthalmology journals from 2009 through 2011 were assessed.

The Pathogenesis of Nonarteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy.

Although nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) is known to occur as a result of ischemic insult to the anterior portion of the optic nerve, its etiology and pathogenesis remain elusive. Because NAION is a nonfatal condition, acute, postmortem histopathologic analysis has never been undertaken. Animal models of NAION have been created with the use of an iodinated derivative of fluorescein, rose bengal.

Acute and subacute inflammation of the optic nerve and its sheath: clinical features in Chinese patients.

Objective: Inflammation of the optic nerve (optic neuritis) and its sheath (optic perineuritis) can have similar initial clinical presentations. They are less well-defined in the Chinese than in Caucasians, and the aetiology of optic neuritis may also differ depending on ethnicity. The aim of our study was to document the clinical features of acute/subacute optic neuritis/optic perineuritis in Chinese patients.

Eyes or subjects: are ophthalmic randomized controlled trials properly designed and analyzed?

Objective: In ophthalmic randomized controlled trials (RCTs), each subject may have 2 potential data points (i.e., eyes) contributing to the clinical trial.

Limited nasal septoplasty by ophthalmologists during endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy: is it safe?

Purpose: Significant deviated nasal septum (DNS) may preclude the performance of endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR). The purpose of this study was to investigate the outcomes of limited nasal septoplasty in tackling signficant DNS performed by trained ophthalmologists during endonasal DCR.

Methods: In this retrospective interventional case series, the records of all patients requiring limited nasal septoplasty for significant DNS during endonasal DCR at 2 tertiary ophthalmic centers in Hong Kong during January 2006 to December 2007 were reviewed.

Late-onset occult cerebrospinal fluid leakage after orbital exenteration.

Orbital exenteration can be complicated by cerebrospinal fluid leakage, mostly during surgery. Late-onset cerebrospinal fluid leakage that occurs years after the initial orbital exenteration is rare. The authors report a case of cerebrospinal fluid leakage that occurred 4 years after orbital exenteration that was not due to tumor recurrence.

Surgical anatomy of the Chinese orbit.

Purpose: To describe the metric measurements and normal anatomic variants in Chinese bony orbits.

Methods: Orbital osteology was studied in 194 orbits from 97 Chinese skulls. Morphologic observations and metric measurements were made to elucidate the variations of the orbital bony anatomy and to localize important fissures and foramina within the orbit.

Quality of reporting of key methodological items of randomized controlled trials in clinical ophthalmic journals.

Purpose: To evaluate the reporting quality of key methodological items in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in four general clinical ophthalmology journals.

Methods: The reporting of 11 key methodological items in RCTs published in American Journal of Ophthalmology, Archives of Ophthalmology, British Journal of Ophthalmology and Ophthalmology in the year 2005 was assessed.

Results: Sixty-seven eligible RCTs were assessed and the mean number of items reported was 6.

Retention of silicone oil droplets from ophthalmic viscosurgical devices in the drainage angle of 2 eyes.

We report the outcome in 2 eyes of 2 patients with retained silicone oil droplets in the anterior chamber drainage angle after the use of an ophthalmic viscosurgical device (OVD) during cataract surgery. Silicone oil droplets were observed when the OVD was injected into the anterior chamber during phacoemulsification. Despite removal by irrigation and aspiration, droplets were observed in the anterior chamber during the immediate postoperative period.

Malignant oncocytoma of the lacrimal sac as an unusual cause of epiphora.

A 72-year-old man presented with a 2-year history of epiphora. CT revealed an extensive inferomedial orbital tumor connected to the lacrimal sac and duct. Incisional biopsy revealed malignant oncocytoma of the lacrimal sac.

Characterization and localization of the supraorbital and frontal exits of the supraorbital nerve in Chinese: an anatomic study.

Purpose: To elucidate the characteristics and location of the supraorbital and frontal exits of the supraorbital nerve in Chinese skulls and to compare these findings with other ethnic populations.

Methods: The anatomy of the supraorbital nerve exits was studied in 97 adult Chinese skulls (194 orbits). The characteristics and location of the supraorbital nerve exits were determined.

How evidence-based are publications in clinical ophthalmic journals?

Purpose: To evaluate the methodological quality and level of evidence of publications in four leading general clinical ophthalmology journals.

Methods: All 1919 articles published in the American Journal of Ophthalmology, Archives of Ophthalmology, British Journal of Ophthalmology, and Ophthalmology in 2004 were reviewed. The methodological rigor and the level of evidence in the articles were rated according to the McMaster Hedges Project criteria and the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine levels of evidence.