Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO) and Twelve Groups of Related Diseases-Current State of Knowledge.

The human gut microbiota creates a complex microbial ecosystem, characterized by its high population density, wide diversity, and complex interactions. Any imbalance of the intestinal microbiome, whether qualitative or quantitative, may have serious consequences for human health, including small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO). SIBO is defined as an increase in the number of bacteria (10-10 CFU/mL), an alteration in the bacterial composition, or both in the small intestine.

Management and control of coccidiosis in poultry - A review.

Poultry coccidiosis is an intestinal infection caused by an intracellular parasitic protozoan of the genus Eimeria. Coccidia-induced gastrointestinal inflammation results in large economic losses, hence finding methods to decrease its prevalence is critical for industry participants and academic researchers. It has been demonstrated that coccidiosis can be effectively controlled and managed by employing anticoccidial chemical compounds.

Calcium/Calmodulin-Dependent Serine Protein Kinase () Gene Polymorphisms in Pigeons.

Calcium/calmodulin-dependent serine protein kinase (CASK) is an multidomain protein involved in tissue development and cell signalling. In skeletal muscle, it is involved in the development of neuromuscular junctions. The participation of a pigeon in racing is a great physical effort that causes many changes in the skeletal muscles.

Effects of a FCBP gene polymorphism, location, and sex on Young's modulus of the tenth primary feather in racing pigeons.

Young's modulus (E) is a measure for stiffness of a material and a higher E means a higher stiffness. The respective polymorphism of the feather corneous beta-protein gene causes the replacement of glycine by cysteine. We looked for possible effects of the three FCBP genotypes on E in the 10th primaries of racing pigeons.

Gene Polymorphism and Racing Performance of Homing Pigeons.

Cryptochromes (CRY) are the family of proteins proposed as the putative magnetoreceptor molecules. In birds, among others in pigeons, CRY1 is widely expressed in a retina. Homing pigeons are known for their navigational abilities, and pigeon racing is a popular sport.

Application of PCR-HRM method for microsatellite polymorphism genotyping in the LDHA gene of pigeons (Columba livia).

High-resolution melting (HRM) is a post-PCR method that allows to discriminate genotypes based on fluorescence changes during the melting phase. HRM is used to detect mutations or polymorphisms (e.g.

Effect of Fermented Products Produced by on the Growth Performance and Cecal Microbial Community of Broilers under Coccidial Challenge.

This study investigated the effects of fermented products produced by (fermented products) on the growth performance and cecal microbial community in broilers exposed to coccidial challenge. A total of 108 one-day-old male broiler chicks (Ross 308) were randomly allotted to one of three treatments. Each treatment was distributed into six replicate cages with six birds each.

Association between Gene Polymorphism and Fatty Acid Composition in Milk of Dairy Cows.

Thyroid hormone-inducible hepatic protein is involved in the synthesis of fatty acids in the lactating mammary gland. Different variants of the gene that encodes this protein may be associated with its different activity. The primary aim of this study was to find polymorphism in the gene and estimate the relationship between individual genotypes and fatty acid composition in milk.

The effects of parental age difference on the offspring sex and fitness of European blackbirds.

Background: Many studies of birds have indicated that offspring sex ratios can vary with environmental and parental traits. On the basis of long-term research, we first evaluated the possible influence of parental age difference and brood characteristics on offspring sex and fitness in multi-brooded Blackbirds .

Methodology: The study was conducted in the city-centre Stefan Żeromski Park in Szczecin, NW Poland, where the local population of Blackbirds has been studied since 1996.

-Fermented Products Improve Growth Performance and Intestinal Gut Morphology in Broilers under Challenge.

Necrotic enteritis caused by has reemerged as a severe poultry disease worldwide since the ban on the routine use of antibiotics in animal feed. Probiotics are considered alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters. species are the most common microorganisms used as probiotics in the feed industry.

Fermented Products Reduce Diarrhea Incidence and Alter the Fecal Microbiota Community in Weaning Piglets.

Prophylactic use of antibiotics in-feed has been effective in decreasing the incidence of diarrhea in weaning piglets. However, the overuse of antibiotics as prophylactic or therapeutic agents in animal feed leads to the evolution of drug-resistant bacteria and antibiotic residues in pigs. This study investigated the effects of -fermented products on diarrhea incidence and the fecal microbial community in weaning piglets.

The effect of polymorphism in the gene on the fatty acid composition of bovine milk.

Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) play a role in a wide variety of physiological processes. They are produced by a series of desaturation and elongation reactions. -6-desaturase is a membrane-bound enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of -linolenic acid (C18:3 -3) and linoleic acid (C18:2 -6) to stearidonic acid (18:4 -3) and -linolenic acid (18:3 -6).

Antibacterial activity of Bacillus species-derived surfactin on Brachyspira hyodysenteriae and Clostridium perfringens.

Swine dysentery and necrotic enteritis are a bane to animal husbandry worldwide. Some countries have already banned the use of antibiotics as growth promoters in animal production. Surfactin is a potential alternative to antibiotics and antibacterial agents.

Nucleotide Substitution in 3' Arm of Bovine MIR-2467 in Five Cattle Breeds.

The T > C single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the MIR2467 gene was investigated in order to confirm its presence in cattle genome and to check for possible differences in its genotype distribution among different breeds. Additional purpose of the study was to investigate in silico potential effect of that substitution on the structure and stability of precursor mir-2467. The study involved 634 individuals of five cattle breeds: Angus, Hereford, Holstein-Friesian, Jersey, and Limousin, which were genotyped using PCR-RFLP assay.

Polymorphism within the LDHA gene in the homing and non-homing pigeons.

A total of 445 domestic pigeons were genotyped for the lactate dehydrogenase (LDHA) gene. Crude DNA was isolated from blood samples and feathers. Two polymorphic sites were identified in intron 6: one near the splice donor site GT is called site H and the other near the splice acceptor site is called site B.

A new PCR-RFLP within the domestic pigeon (Columba livia var. domestica) cytochrome b (MTCYB) gene.

A total of 244 domestic pigeons (Columba livia var. domestica) were genotyped using the PCR-RFLP method. A 999 bp fragment of the MTCYB gene was amplified.

PCR-RFLPs within the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH-A) gene of the domestic pigeon (Columba livia var. domestica).

A total of 45 racing pigeons were genotyped using PCR-RFLP method. PCR product of the LDH-A gene was amplified according to the Long-PCR procedure. The amplification products were digested with restriction enzymes.