Unusual anatomical variants of infrahyoid muscles - case report.

Anatomical anomalies of neck muscles are rarely observed and usually comprise variations of digastric and omohyoid muscles. Neck muscles' abnormalities might be correlated with embryological development and are observed in individuals with aneuploidies such as Edward's syndrome (18-trisomy) or Down syndrome (21-trisomy). Some infrahyoid muscles are important landmarks during surgery, therefore their anatomical variations of these muscles are related to higher risk of surgical complications.

The anatomy of the internal iliac artery: a meta-analysis.

Background: The internal iliac artery (IIA) originates from the common iliac artery at the level of the sacroiliac joint and bifurcates between the L5 and S1 vertebrae. The aim of the present meta-analysis was to demonstrate the most up-to-date and evidence-based data regarding the general anatomy of the IIA, including their variations, length, and diameter.

Materials And Methods: Major online medical databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar were searched to find all studies considering the anatomy of the IIA.

Superior mesenteric artery clinical classification and morphometrical analysis.

Background: The superior mesenteric artery is one of the most important arteries in the abdominal cavity, which is of great clinical significance, especially in surgical procedures and fatal ischaemic complications. The aim of this study was to develop a clinical classification of the superior mesenteric artery.

Material And Methods: Postmortem contrast-enhanced computed tomography of 104 (29.

The surgical anatomy of the inferior alveolar nerve: a meta-analysis with clinical implications.

Background: The main goal of the present meta-analysis was to provide physicians, especially surgeons, with crucial data on the complete anatomy of the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN). It is hoped that our results will help reduce the complication rates in procedures associated with this anatomical entity.

Materials And Methods: Major online medical databases such as PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library were searched to gather all studies on IAN anatomy, including topography, morphology, and variations.

Polyorchidism: An Up-to-Date Systematic Review.

Polyorchidism is a rare male urogenital tract anomaly characterized by at least one supernumerary testis in the scrotum or ectopically. According to data based on our systematic review, 76% of the supernumerary testes (SNTs) were located in the scrotum, and 24% were extra-scrotal (p < 0.001).

Identification of CD34+/PGDFRα+ Valve Interstitial Cells (VICs) in Human Aortic Valves: Association of Their Abundance, Morphology and Spatial Organization with Early Calcific Remodeling.

Aortic valve interstitial cells (VICs) constitute a heterogeneous population involved in the maintenance of unique valvular architecture, ensuring proper hemodynamic function but also engaged in valve degeneration. Recently, cells similar to telocytes/interstitial Cajal-like cells described in various organs were found in heart valves. The aim of this study was to examine the density, distribution, and spatial organization of a VIC subset co-expressing CD34 and PDGFRα in normal aortic valves and to investigate if these cells are associated with the occurrence of early signs of valve calcific remodeling.