Experimental unilateral intracerebral hemorrhage induces delayed bilateral neurodegeneration of sciatic nerve fibres in rats.

Pathological processes, such as inflammatory effects, oxidative stress, apoptosis and cytotoxicity of blood after an intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), generally contribute to a secondary injury. One of the secondary ICH consequences in the nervous system may be delayed neurodegeneration of the peripheral nerves. Therefore, the aim of our study was to investigate possible structural changes in the sciatic nerve and changes in the conduction velocity via this nerve at different terms after experimental ICH in male Wistar rats.

C Fullerene Reduces 3-Nitropropionic Acid-Induced Oxidative Stress Disorders and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Rats by Modulation of p53, Bcl-2 and Nrf2 Targeted Proteins.

C fullerene as a potent free radical scavenger and antioxidant could be a beneficial means for neurodegenerative disease prevention or cure. The aim of the study was to define the effects of C administration on mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress disorders in a 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NPA)-induced rat model of Huntington's disease. Animals received 3-NPA (30 mg/kg i.

Fatigue-induced Fos immunoreactivity within the lumbar cord and amygdala decreases after С fullerene pretreatment.

The fundamental aspects related to the mechanisms of action of C fullerene nanoparticles on the level of the central nervous system in different experimental conditions are still unclear. Electrophysiological investigation and immunohistochemical techniques of c-fos expression were combined to determine which neural elements within the lumbar segments and in the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA) are activated under skeletal muscle fatigue development with prior application of C fullerenes (dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide and in distilled water, FDS). After high-frequency electrical stimulation of the triceps surae muscle, the main fatigue-related increases in the c-Fos expression level were registered ipsilaterally within lamina 1 and 5 of the lumbar segments and within the contralateral capsular part of the CeA.

C60 fullerenes increase the intensity of rotational movements in non‑anesthetized hemiparkinsonic rats.

The effect of C60 fullerene aqueous colloid solution (C60FAS) on the intensity of long‑lasting (persisting for one hour) rotational movements in non‑anesthetized rats was investigated. For this purpose, an experimental hemiparkinsonic animal model was used in the study. Rotational movements in hemiparkinsonic animals were initiated by the intraperitoneal administration of the dopamine receptor agonist apomorphine.

C Fullerene Prevents Restraint Stress-Induced Oxidative Disorders in Rat Tissues: Possible Involvement of the Nrf2/ARE-Antioxidant Pathway.

The effects of CFAS (50 and 500 g/kg) supplementation, in a normal physiological state and after restraint stress exposure, on prooxidant/antioxidant balance in rat tissues were explored and compared with the effects of the known exogenous antioxidant N-acetylcysteine. Oxidative stress biomarkers (ROS, O·, HO, and lipid peroxidation) and indices of antioxidant status (MnSOD, catalase, GPx, GST, -GCL, GR activities, and GSH level) were measured in the brain and the heart. In addition, protein expression of Nrf2 in the nuclear and cytosol fractions as well as the protein level of antiradical enzyme MnSOD and GSH-related enzymes -GCLC, GPx, and GSTP as downstream targets of Nrf2 was evaluated by western blot analysis.

Fos immunoreactivity in the intermediolateral nucleus induced by tendon vibration of the m. triceps surae in rats pretreated with a nitric oxide blocker or precursor.

We investigated neuronal activation of the rat intermediolateral (IML) nucleus of the thoracolumbar spinal cord, initiated by Achilles tendon vibration, after intramuscular (m. triceps surae) administration of 7‑nitroindazole (7‑NI) or L‑arginine (LA). The spindle afferent response to vibratory stimuli induced a distinct bilateral increase in the activation of c‑Fos immunoreactivity in the spinal neurons in three groups of rats (tendon‑vibrated, tendon‑vibrated + 7‑NI and tendon‑vibrated + LA).

C Fullerenes Diminish Muscle Fatigue in Rats Comparable to -acetylcysteine or β-Alanine.

The aim of this study is to detect the effects of C fullerenes, which possess pronounced antioxidant properties, in comparison with the actions of the known exogenous antioxidants -acetylcysteine (NAC) and β-Alanine in terms of exercise tolerance and contractile property changes of the () during development of the muscle fatigue in rats. The electrical stimulation of the muscle during four 30 min series in control rats led to total reduction of the muscle contraction force. Furthermore, the effects of prior intraperitoneal (i.

C fullerene as promising therapeutic agent for correcting and preventing skeletal muscle fatigue.

Background: Bioactive soluble carbon nanostructures, such as the C fullerene can bond with up to six electrons, thus serving by a powerful scavenger of reactive oxygen species similarly to many natural antioxidants, widely used to decrease the muscle fatigue effects. The aim of the study is to define action of the pristine C fullerene aqueous colloid solution (CFAS), on the post-fatigue recovering of m. triceps surae in anaesthetized rats.

NADPH-diaphorase reactivity and Fos-immunoreactivity within the ventral horn of the lumbar spinal cord of cats submitted to acute muscle inflammation induced by injection of carrageenan.

The NADPH-diaphorase activity and Fos-immunoreactivity within the ventral horn of the lumbar spinal cord were studied in cats with acute unilateral myositis following injection of carrageenan into the m.m. gastrocnemius-soleus.

7-Nitroindazole enhances c-Fos expression in spinal neurons in rats realizing operant movements.

The expression of c-Fos and NADPH-diaphorase reactivity (NADPH-dr) in the cervical spinal cord was studied in adult male Wistar rats that realized operant reflexes after inhibition of neuronal nitric oxide synthase. Fos-immunoreactive neurons were visualized immunohistochemically in the C6/C7 spinal segments in the control, realized operant movements animals, and/or 7-nitroindazole (7-NI) injected rats. The mean numbers of immunoreactive interneurons and motoneurons (per section) were significantly greater in the Nucleus proprius (+240%) and motor nuclei (+600%) in rats of the 7-NI-pretreated and operant reflex realized group than in the isolated operant reflex realized group.

Dynorphin B induces lateral asymmetric changes in feline spinal cord reflexes.

The effects of dynorphin B (an agonist of κ-opioid receptors) and naloxone (an antagonist of opioid receptors) on the field potentials (FPs) evoked in the lumbar spinal cord of spinalized cats were examined following successive stimulation of pairs of identical peripheral nerves on both sides of the body. The FPs were recorded bilaterally using microelectrodes from symmetrical sites of the gray matter between the L6 and L7 segments of the spinal cord transected at level of Th11. Significant changes (up to 75%) were registered in the areas of the initial positive components of the FPs evoked by sequential stimulation of the nn.