Acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction: clinical and histological findings of 275 cases.

Background: Acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction is a blockage of the lacrimal outflow system usually caused by local nonspecific inflammation of the lacrimal sac and the nasolacrimal duct. However, cases exist where the primary nasolacrimal system obstruction is caused by malignancies. Our aim was to investigate lacrimal sac pathologies in patients with acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction and compare their clinical manifestations.

Cognitive Decline in Multiple Sclerosis Is Related to the Progression of Retinal Atrophy and Presence of Oligoclonal Bands: A 5-Year Follow-Up Study.

Brain atrophy, which is associated with cognitive impairment and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) atrophy, is the main biomarker of neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis (MS). However, data on the relationship between inflammatory markers, such as oligoclonal bands (OCBs) in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and cognition, RNFL atrophy, and brain atrophy are scarce. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of RNFL thickness, brain atrophy markers, intrathecal OCBs, and the immunoglobulin G (IgG) index on cognitive decline over a 5-year period in patients with MS.

Early age-related macular degeneration in patients with myocardial infarction.

Purpose: To investigate the prevalence of early age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI).

Methods: Enrolled in the study were 262 acute MI patients (MI group), aged 40-64 years, as well as 1,155 non-MI persons, aged 40-64 years, from a random sample (reference group) of the Kaunas population.

Results: The prevalence of early AMD in the random sample was 7.

[Association of age-related maculopathy with ischemic heart disease and its risk factors in middle-aged population of Kaunas city].

Aim: To determine the prevalence of age-related maculopathy in a sample of Lithuanian middle-aged population and to assess the relationship between age-related maculopathy and ischemic heart disease and its risk factors, including smoking, arterial hypertension, obesity, hyperglycemia, and dyslipidemias.

Material And Methods: A random sample of urban population of 1357 adults (ranging from 35-64 years of age; 597 males and 760 females) living in Kaunas, Lithuania was examined during the interval from 2001 to 2002. Each participant underwent a comprehensive examination that included an ophthalmic examination.

[Prevalence and risk factors of age-related maculopathy among middle aged people].

To investigate the prevalence of age-related maculopathy and the relationships of age-related maculopathy to age, sex, ocular factors, education, work exposures. A population-based cohort study included 1357 subjects (35-64 years of age) living in Kaunas (Lithuania), who were examined during the interval from 2001 to 2002. The diagnosis of age-related maculopathy was based on ophthalmoscopic findings or on fundus photographs.

Age-related maculopathy and consumption of fresh vegetables and fruits in urban elderly.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the rate of age-related maculopathy among elderly males and females in relation to frequency of consumption of fresh vegetables and fruit. During ophthalmological investigation of Kaunas city inhabitants aged 65-74 years (240 males and 206 females) age-related maculopathy (early and late) was determined for 22.1% of males and 20.