Protective effect of vaginal resveratrol administration on joint tissues in ovariectomized rats: Targeting mTOR and сaspase 3.

Introduction: Estrogens play a considerable role in maintaining bone and articular cartilage homeostasis. Menopause provokes joint disorders due to metabolic syndrome and altered signaling pathways. Phytoestrogen resveratrol was demonstrated to provide chondroprotective and osteoprotective effects.