Design, Development and Immunogenicity Study of a Multi-Epitope Vaccine Prototype Against SARS-CoV-2.

SARS-CoV-2 caused the COVID-19 pandemic, which overwhelmed global healthcare systems. Over 776 million COVID-19 cases and more than 7 million deaths were reported by WHO in September 2024. COVID-19 vaccination is crucial for preventing infection and controlling the pandemic.

Modified Hemocyanins from and Exhibit Strong Antitumor Activity in the B16F10 Mouse Melanoma Model.

Melanoma is one of the most common tumors worldwide, and new approaches and antitumor drugs for therapy are being investigated. Among the promising biomolecules of natural origin for antitumor research are gastropodan hemocyanins-highly immunogenic multimeric glycoproteins used as antitumor agents and components of therapeutic vaccines in human and mouse cancer models. A murine melanoma model established in C57BL/6 mice of the B16F10 cell line was used to study anticancer modified oxidized hemocyanins (Ox-Hcs) that were administered to experimental animals (100 μg/mouse) under different regimens: mild, intensive, and with sensitization.

Cytokine Signatures and Immune Dysregulation in COVID-19 Patients: Transcriptomic and Serum Analysis.

COVID-19, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, has caused a global health crisis, necessitating a deeper understanding of its pathophysiology. In this study, we explored the immune and hematological dynamics in COVID-19 patients to gain insights into disease severity and prognosis. Our findings revealed distinct cytokine profiles in moderate and severe cases.

Immunotherapeutic Potential of Mollusk Hemocyanins in Murine Model of Melanoma.

Unlabelled: The development of antitumor drugs and therapy requires new approaches and molecules, and products of natural origin provide intriguing alternatives for antitumor research. Gastropodan hemocyanins-multimeric copper-containing glycoproteins have been used in therapeutic vaccines and antitumor agents in many cancer models.

Materials And Methods: We established a murine model of melanoma by challenging C57BL/6 mice with a B16F10 cell line for solid tumor formation in experimental animals.

Lupus progression deteriorates oogenesis quality in MRL/lpr mice.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by the activation of the immune response against self antigens. Numerous reproductive complications, including reduced birth rate and complications for the mother and the fetus during pregnancy, have been observed in women with SLE. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effect of SLE development on oocyte meiosis in lupus-prone mice.

Methyl-supplemented nutrition delays the development of autoimmune disease in pristane-induced murine lupus.

The aetiology and progression of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) resulted from a complex sequence of events generated both from genetic and epigenetic processes. In the current research, the effect of methyl-supplemented nutrition on the development of SLE was studied in the pristane-induced mouse model of the disease. The results clearly demonstrated decreased anti-dsDNA antibody and proteinuria levels, modulation of cytokines and protected renal structures in the group of treated mice.

DNA and protein-generated chimeric molecules for delivery of influenza viral epitopes in mouse and humanized NSG transfer models.

Purified subunit viral antigens are weakly immunogenic and stimulate only the antibody but not the T cell-mediated immune response. An alternative approach to inducing protective immunity with small viral peptides may be the targeting of viral epitopes to immunocompetent cells by DNA and protein-engineered vaccines. This review will focus on DNA and protein-generated chimeric molecules carrying engineered fragments specific for activating cell surface co-receptors for inducing protective antiviral immunity.

Extract as a Biological Agent for Disease-Modifying Therapy of Collagenase-Induced Mouse Model of Osteoarthritis.

Objectives: Osteoarthritis (OA) is an age-related joint disease that involves the degeneration of cartilage and is the most prevalent form of arthritis, affecting a large part of the population. OA is a multifactorial disorder, and no single etiological mechanism has been found to be common to all forms of the disease. Currently used therapies for control of the disease are mainly nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and corticosteroid medications.

Targeted suppression of Dpt-specific B cells in humanized Rag2- γc- mouse model of HDM allergy.

Der p 1 is one of the major allergenic molecules of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, causing house dust mite (HDM) allergy. The pathological B cells produce allergen-specific IgE antibodies that mediate the hypersensitivity reaction, therefore the selective elimination of these B cells is a legitimate therapeutic goal in allergy. Chimeric molecule Dp51-72 able to cross-link B cell inhibitory complement receptor type 1 and BCR on Der p 1-specific B cells was constructed.

Selective Silencing of Disease-Associated B Lymphocytes from Hashimoto's Thyroiditis Patients by Chimeric Protein Molecules.

Hashimoto's thyroiditis is one of the most common endocrine disorders, affecting up to 20% of the adult population. No treatment or prevention exists except hormonal substitution for hypothyroidism. We hypothesize that it may be possible to selectively suppress anti-thyroglobulin (Tg) IgG antibody-producing B lymphocytes from HT patients by a chimeric protein molecule containing a monoclonal antibody specific for the human inhibitory receptor CR1, coupled to peptide epitopes derived from Tg protein.

Collagenase-Induced Mouse Model of Osteoarthritis-A Thorough Flow Cytometry Analysis.

Objectives: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative disorder of the joint characterized by cartilage breakdown and synovial inflammation. A number of different cells of innate and adaptive immunity contribute to joint pathology during OA inflammation. The interaction between the local synovial and systemic inflammatory cellular response and the structural changes in the joint is still unknown.

Impact of folic acid on regulatory B lymphocytes from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus in vitro.

Background: Epigenetic modifications of genomes are of particular interest as numerous studies indicate the correlation between DNA methylation and the development of systemic lupus. As a major methyl group donor, folic acid is an important participant in this process. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of low or high dose folate co-culturing with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) on the secretion of interleukin (IL)10 from regulatory cells from lupus patients or from healthy volunteers.

Methyl- rich diet ameliorates lupus-like disease in MRL/lpr mice.

Genetic susceptibility is necessary but not sufficient for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) to appear indicating that environmental factors are also key components in the disease onset. Aberrant DNA methylation profile positively correlates with the development of lupus-like disease in MRL/lpr mice. In the present study, we evaluate the effect of long term administration of methyl-rich diet in MRL mice.

Antitumor Properties of Epitope-Specific Engineered Vaccine in Murine Model of Melanoma.

Finding new effective compounds of natural origin for composing anti-tumor vaccines is one of the main goals of antitumor research. Promising anti-cancer agents are the gastropodan hemocyanins-multimeric copper-containing glycoproteins used so far for therapy of different tumors. The properties of hemocyanins isolated from the marine snail (RtH) and the terrestrial snail (HaH) upon their use as carrier-proteins in conjugated vaccines, containing ganglioside mimotope GD3P4 peptide, were studied in the developed murine melanoma model.

Defective oogenesis in mice with pristane-induced model of systemic lupus.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease characterized by generation of autoantibodies and severe damage of various organs. The hormonal changes associated with pregnancy and especially estrogen might lead to damage of reproductive function and ovarian quality. We employed a pristane-induced lupus model of Balb/c mice which resembles human lupus in an attempt to follow oogenesis disruption during the disease progression.

Morphometric and Nanomechanical Features of Platelets from Women with Early Pregnancy Loss Provide New Evidence of the Impact of Inherited Thrombophilia.

Pregnancy is associated with hypercoagulation states and increased thrombotic risk, especially in women with thrombophilia. We combine atomic force microscopy (AFM) and flow cytometry to examine the morphology and nanomechanics of platelets derived from women with early pregnancy loss (EPL) and control pregnant (CP) and non-pregnant (CNP) women. Both control groups exhibit similar morphometric parameters (height and surface roughness) and membrane stiffness of platelets.

Anti-ANX A1 Antibody Therapy in MRL/lpr Murine Model of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a severe autoimmune disease characterized by dysfunction of immune regulation, overproduction of inflammatory cytokines and attack on normal tissues by self-reactive cells and antibodies. The main role in the pathogenesis plays the autoreactive tandem of B-T cells, responsible for lupus progression and acceleration. Both activated B and T cells express a phospholipid binding protein Annexin A1 and abnormal levels of the protein were found in murine and human autoimmune syndromes, potentiating its role as a therapeutic target.

Discovering common pathogenetic processes between COVID-19 and diabetes mellitus by differential gene expression pattern analysis.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by the newly discovered coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2. Increased severity of COVID-19 has been observed in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). This study aimed to identify common transcriptional signatures, regulators and pathways between COVID-19 and DM.

Simultaneous determination of ochratoxin A and enterotoxin A in milk by magnetic nanoparticles based fluorescent immunoassay.

Ochratoxin A (OTA) and staphylococcus enterotoxin A (SEA) are highly toxic contaminants and have induced human health problems. They commonly occur in milk and milk products. A competitive fluorescent immunoassay was developed for rapid and simultaneous determination of these toxins in milk samples.

Efficacy and safety of Aviron Rapid® in 18-60-year-old patients with clinical diagnosis of acute respiratory viral infection: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.

Aim: Prevention and treatment of upper respiratory tract infections are given the highest priority because of the tremendous health and economic impact of these diseases. Development of novel effective and safe options for treatment can contribute considerably to decrease the burden of disease.

Materials And Methods: We designed a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in ambulatory-treated adult patients with a clinical diagnosis of acute upper respiratory tract viral infection.

Entangling COVID-19 associated thrombosis into a secondary antiphospholipid antibody syndrome: Diagnostic and therapeutic perspectives (Review).

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‑CoV‑2) is a novel β coronavirus that is the etiological agent of the pandemic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‑19) that at the time of writing (June 16, 2020) has infected almost 6 million people with some 450,000 deaths. These numbers are still rising daily. Most (some 80%) cases of COVID‑19 infection are asymptomatic, a substantial number of cases (15%) require hospitalization and an additional fraction of patients (5%) need recovery in intensive care units.

Monoclonal antibody therapy that targets phospholipid-binding protein delays lupus activity in MRL/lpr mice.

Systemic lupus erythematosus is an autoimmune syndrome characterized by the development of autoantibodies to a wide range of antigens. Together with B cells, respective self-reactive T cells have an important contribution in disease progression as being responsible for inflammatory cytokines secretion, B cell activation and promoting amplification of the autoimmune response. Annexin A1 is expressed by many cell types and binds to phospholipids in a Ca -dependent manner.

Intensive therapy with gastropodan hemocyanins increases their antitumor properties in murine model of colon carcinoma.

Various natural compounds have been tested as anticancer therapeutics in clinical trials. Most promising direction for antitumor therapy is the use of substances which enhance the immune system response stimulating tumor-specific lymphocytes. Hemocyanins are large extracellular oxygen transport glycoproteins isolated from different arthropod and mollusk species which exhibit strong anticancer properties.

Suppression of Disease-Associated B Lymphocytes by GAD65 Epitope-Carrying Protein-Engineered Molecules in a Streptozotocin-Induced Mouse Model of Diabetes.

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is an autoimmune syndrome defined by the presence of autoreactive T and B cells, which results in destruction of insulin-producing beta cells. Autoantibodies against GAD65 (glutamic acid decarboxylase 65)-a membrane-bound enzyme on pancreatic beta cells, contribute to beta cells' destruction and the loss of pancreatic functions. Mouse FcγRIIb on B lymphocytes possesses an inhibitory effect on the activity of these cells.