The Heisenberg-RIXS instrument at the European XFEL.

Resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) is an ideal X-ray spectroscopy method to push the combination of energy and time resolutions to the Fourier transform ultimate limit, because it is unaffected by the core-hole lifetime energy broadening. Also, in pump-probe experiments the interaction time is made very short by the same core-hole lifetime. RIXS is very photon hungry so it takes great advantage from high-repetition-rate pulsed X-ray sources like the European XFEL.

Phase Transition Thermodynamics of 1,3,5-Tris-(α-naphthyl)benzene: Theory and Experiment.

1,3,5-Tris-(α-naphthyl)benzene is an organic non-electrolyte with notable stability of an amorphous phase. Its glassy and supercooled liquid states were previously studied by spectroscopic and calorimetric methods. Despite the continuing interest in its amorphous state and, particularly, vapor-deposited glasses, the thermodynamic parameters of the vaporization of 1,3,5-tris-(α-naphthyl)benzene have not been obtained yet.

Recognition of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor by specific S100 proteins.

Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a pleiotropic myelopoietic growth factor and proinflammatory cytokine, clinically used for multiple indications and serving as a promising target for treatment of many disorders, including cancer, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, asthma, COVID-19. We have previously shown that dimeric Ca-bound forms of S100A6 and S100P proteins, members of the multifunctional S100 protein family, are specific to GM-CSF. To probe selectivity of these interactions, the affinity of recombinant human GM-CSF to dimeric Ca-loaded forms of 18 recombinant human S100 proteins was studied by surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy.

Thermodynamic Properties of 3- and 4-Ethoxyacetanilides between 80 and 480 K.

In this work, we present a comprehensive study of the thermodynamic properties of 3-and 4-ethoxyacetanilides. The heat capacities in crystalline, liquid, and supercooled liquid states from 80 to 475 K were obtained using adiabatic, differential scanning (DSC), and fast scanning (FSC) calorimetries. The fusion enthalpies at were combined from DSC measurement results and the literature data.

Interaction of S100A6 Protein with the Four-Helical Cytokines.

S100 is a family of over 20 structurally homologous, but functionally diverse regulatory (calcium/zinc)-binding proteins of vertebrates. The involvement of S100 proteins in numerous vital (patho)physiological processes is mediated by their interaction with various (intra/extra)cellular protein partners, including cell surface receptors. Furthermore, recent studies have revealed the ability of specific S100 proteins to modulate cell signaling via direct interaction with cytokines.

X-FAST: A versatile, high-throughput, and user-friendly XUV femtosecond absorption spectroscopy tabletop instrument.

We present the X-FAST (XUV Femtosecond Absorption Spectroscopy Tabletop) instrument at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. The instrument produces femtosecond extreme ultraviolet photon pulses via high-harmonic generation in the range of 40-72 eV, as well as optical pump pulses for transient-absorption experiments. The system implements a gas-cooled sample cell that enables studying the dynamics of thermally sensitive thin-film samples.

The Impact of Social Well-Being on Population Diet Nutritional Value and Antiradical Status.

The paper presents the result of assessing the antiradical status of consumers (in the context of Russia) in connection with their well-being. This approach is based on a multistage study, in which the results of sociological surveys were applied, as well as estimates of the antiradical potential (ARP) of diets obtained using neural networks, bootstrapping the chemical composition of diets, and calculating reference values using mathematical models. The paper presents data collected from residents living in the territories of at least 21 regions and cities of Russia: Magadan, Saint Petersburg, Moscow, Krasnodar, Lipetsk, Vladivostok, Novosibirsk, Omsk, Voronezh, etc.

A simple catch: Fluctuations enable hydrodynamic trapping of microrollers by obstacles.

It is known that obstacles can hydrodynamically trap bacteria and synthetic microswimmers in orbits, where the trapping time heavily depends on the swimmer flow field and noise is needed to escape the trap. Here, we use experiments and simulations to investigate the trapping of microrollers by obstacles. Microrollers are rotating particles close to a bottom surface, which have a prescribed propulsion direction imposed by an external rotating magnetic field.

Immunophenotype of Measurable Residual Blast Cells as an Additional Prognostic Factor in Adults with B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.

Measurable residual disease (MRD) is a well-known independent prognostic factor in acute leukemias, and multicolor flow cytometry (MFC) is widely used to detect MRD. MFC is able not only to enumerate MRD accurately but also to describe an antigen expression profile of residual blast cells. However, the relationship between MRD immunophenotype and patient survival probability has not yet been studied.

Specific S100 Proteins Bind Tumor Necrosis Factor and Inhibit Its Activity.

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors (anti-TNFs) represent a cornerstone of the treatment of various immune-mediated inflammatory diseases and are among the most commercially successful therapeutic agents. Knowledge of TNF binding partners is critical for identification of the factors able to affect clinical efficacy of the anti-TNFs. Here, we report that among eighteen representatives of the multifunctional S100 protein family, only S100A11, S100A12 and S100A13 interact with the soluble form of TNF (sTNF) in vitro.

Estimating the Mass of Food Components Necessary for the Utilization of Free Radical Particles in the Human Body.

The article proposes an algorithm for an approximate assessment of the molar volume of free radicals generated in the human body per day. It takes into account the act of breathing, physical activity, food consumption, the influence of unfavorable environmental conditions, exposure to xenobiotics, as well as bad habits (alcohol and tobacco smoking). A calculation of the required set of the most commonly used food products for the disposal of free radicals was made.

Spectromicroscopy of Nanoscale Materials in the Tender X-Ray Regime Enabled by a High Efficient Multilayer-Based Grating Monochromator.

The combination of near edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy with nanoscale X-ray imaging is a powerful analytical tool for many applications in energy technologies, catalysis, which are critical to combat climate change, as well as microelectronics and life science. Materials from these scientific areas often contain key elements, such as Si, P, S, Y, Zr, Nb, and Mo as well as lanthanides, whose X-ray absorption edges lie in the so-called tender photon energy range 1.5-5.

Motility of acoustically powered micro-swimmers in a liquid crystalline environment.

Suspensions of microswimmers in liquid crystals demonstrate remarkably complex dynamics and serve as a model system for studying active nematics. So far, experimental realization of microswimmers suspended in liquid crystalline media has relied on biological microorganisms that impose strict limitations on the compatible media and makes it difficult to regulate activity. Here, we demonstrate that acoustically powered bubble microswimmers can efficiently self-propel in a lyotropic liquid crystal.

Dendritic cells transfected with a polyepitope DNA construct stimulate an antitumor cytotoxic response in various tumors.

Dendritic cells (DCs) loaded with tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) are known to be crucial for the antitumor response and are still included in various treatment regimens in cancer immunotherapy research. In the present study, a cell-based protocol was evaluated, involving the use of original DNA constructs encoding the wide range of TAA epitopes expressed on different epithelial cancers. The constructs were transfected into -generated DCs of patients with various types of cancer, including breast, colorectal and non-small cell lung cancer.

Polycapillary-boosted instrument performance in the extreme ultraviolet regime for inverse photoemission spectroscopy: erratum.

We correct values and figures for the resolution of the spectrometer, as proposed in [Opt. Express25, 31840 (2017)10.1364/OE.

Calcium-Bound S100P Protein Is a Promiscuous Binding Partner of the Four-Helical Cytokines.

S100 proteins are multifunctional calcium-binding proteins of vertebrates that act intracellularly, extracellularly, or both, and are engaged in the progression of many socially significant diseases. Their extracellular action is typically mediated by the recognition of specific receptor proteins. Recent studies indicate the ability of some S100 proteins to affect cytokine signaling through direct interaction with cytokines.

Arrested-motility states in populations of shape-anisotropic active Janus particles.

The emergence of large-scale collective phenomena from simple interactions between individual units is a hallmark of active matter systems. Active colloids with alignment-dominated interparticle interactions tend to develop orientational order and form motile coherent states, such as flocks and swarms. Alternatively, a combination of self-propulsion and excluded-volume interactions results in self-trapping and active phase separation into dense clusters.

ExhauFS: exhaustive search-based feature selection for classification and survival regression.

Feature selection is one of the main techniques used to prevent overfitting in machine learning applications. The most straightforward approach for feature selection is an exhaustive search: one can go over all possible feature combinations and pick up the model with the highest accuracy. This method together with its optimizations were actively used in biomedical research, however, publicly available implementation is missing.

Cr/C lamellar multilayer grating in conical diffraction mounting for beam splitter used in X-ray free-electron lasers.

A lamellar multilayer grating in a conical diffraction mounting was proposed as a beam splitter for X-ray free-electron lasers. Theoretical calculations demonstrated that the distribution of diffraction efficiency can be adjusted by optimizing the groove depth or d-spacing. A Cr/C multilayer lamellar grating with a line density of approximately 2500 L/mm was fabricated.

Isatuximab monotherapy in patients with refractory T-acute lymphoblastic leukemia or T-lymphoblastic lymphoma: Phase 2 study.

The poor prognosis of acute T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) and T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LBL) in older adults and patients with relapsed/refractory illness is an unmet clinical need, as there is no defined standard of care and there are few treatment options. Abnormally elevated CD38 expression in T-ALL and T-LBL is associated with tumor expansion and disease development, making CD38 a potential target for anti-T-ALL and T-LBL treatment. Isatuximab is a monoclonal antibody that binds to a specific epitope on CD38.

Guiding Self-Assembly of Active Colloids by Temporal Modulation of Activity.

Self-organization phenomena in ensembles of self-propelled particles open pathways to the synthesis of new dynamic states not accessible by traditional equilibrium processes. The challenge is to develop a set of principles that facilitate the control and manipulation of emergent active states. Here, we report that dielectric rolling colloids energized by a pulsating electric field self-organize into alternating square lattices with a lattice constant controlled by the parameters of the field.

Erythropoietin Interacts with Specific S100 Proteins.

Erythropoietin (EPO) is a clinically significant four-helical cytokine, exhibiting erythropoietic, cytoprotective, immunomodulatory, and cancer-promoting activities. Despite vast knowledge on its signaling pathways and physiological effects, extracellular factors regulating EPO activity remain underexplored. Here we show by surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy, that among eighteen members of Ca-binding proteins of the S100 protein family studied, only S100A2, S100A6 and S100P proteins specifically recognize EPO with equilibrium dissociation constants ranging from 81 nM to 0.

Mechanism of Zn and Ca Binding to Human S100A1.

S100A1 is a member of the S100 family of small ubiquitous Ca-binding proteins, which participates in the regulation of cell differentiation, motility, and survival. It exists as homo- or heterodimers. S100A1 has also been shown to bind Zn, but the molecular mechanisms of this binding are not yet known.

Specific cytokines of interleukin-6 family interact with S100 proteins.

Cytokines of interleukin-6 (IL-6) family are important signaling proteins involved in various physiological and pathological processes. Earlier, we described interactions between IL-11 and S100P/B proteins from the family of S100 proteins engaged in the pathogenesis of numerous diseases. We probed here interactions between seven IL-6 family cytokines (IL-6, IL-11, OSM, LIF, CNTF, CT-1, and CLCF1) and fourteen S100 proteins (S100A1/A4/A6/A7/A8/A9/A10/A11/A12/A13/A14/A15/B/P).