Segment Anything in Optical Coherence Tomography: SAM 2 for Volumetric Segmentation of Retinal Biomarkers.

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a non-invasive imaging technique widely used in ophthalmology for visualizing retinal layers, aiding in the early detection and monitoring of retinal diseases. OCT is useful for detecting diseases such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and diabetic macular edema (DME), which affect millions of people globally. Over the past decade, the area of application of artificial intelligence (AI), particularly deep learning (DL), has significantly increased.

From a humorous post to a detailed quantum-chemical study: isocyanate synthesis revisited.

Isocyanates play an essential role in modern manufacturing processes, especially in polyurethane production. There are numerous synthesis strategies for isocyanates both under industrial and laboratory conditions, which do not prevent searching for alternative highly efficient synthetic protocols. Here, we report a detailed theoretical investigation of the mechanism of sulfur dioxide-catalyzed rearrangement of phenylnitrile oxide into phenyl isocyanate, which was first reported in 1977.

Ozone destruction due to the recombination of oxygen atoms.

Kinetics of ozone destruction due to the recombination of oxygen atoms produced by pulsed 266 nm laser photolysis of O/M (M = CO and/or N) mixtures was studied using the absorption and emission spectroscopy to follow time evolutions of O and electronically excited molecules O* formed in the recombination process 2O(P) + M → O* + M. An unexpected high ozone destruction rate was observed when O* was present in the system. The kinetic model developed for the oxygen nightglow on the terrestrial planets was adapted to interpret the detected temporal profiles of the ozone number density and the O* emission intensities.

Computational investigation of energy transfer and line broadening for Ar + He collisions.

Potential energy curves for all states arising from the interaction of He with the 3p, 3p4s, and 3p4p configurations of Ar have been determined using high-level electronic structure calculations. The results have been used to examine collisional energy transfer probabilities and spectral line shape parameters (shifting and broadening rate coefficients). The main focus has been on states and transitions that are of relevance to optically pumped He/Ar laser systems.

Rate constants for collision-induced emission of O(aΔ) with He, Ne, Ar, Kr, N, CO and SF as collisional partners.

Rate constants for singlet oxygen collision induced emission of the a1Δg-X3Σ-g transition at 1.27 μm were measured for CO2, N2, SF6, and rare gases as collisional partners. Photolysis of ozone by 266 nm laser radiation produced singlet oxygen.