Publications by authors named "Andrey A Filippov"

We describe the genomes of five lytic myophages, therapeutic candidates, that belong to the family and genus . The genomes ranged from 165,574 to 169,768 bp, with ca. 40% GC content, contained 289-300 coding sequences, had 15-16 tRNA genes, and no terminal repeats.

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Aquatic ecosystems are increasingly affected by anthropogenic pollution, including heavy metals like mercury, which accumulate in organisms and cause harmful effects. At the same time, human activities such as industrial operations and the use of electric power lines also alter the magnetic background in natural water bodies. However, the interaction between mercury exposure and magnetic fields remains poorly understood.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study examines the genomes of three bacteriophages found in Kenya, identified as vB_PaePAO1-KEN19, vB_Pae3705-KEN49, and vB_Pae10145-KEN51.
  • The genome lengths of these phages are approximately 278,921, 280,231, and 280,173 base pairs, respectively.
  • Each genome has a GC content around 36.9% and contains 417 coding sequences, which includes seven tRNAs in each genome.
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Left ventricular assist devices (LVAD) are increasingly used for management of heart failure; infection remains a frequent complication. Phage therapy has been successful in a variety of antibiotic refractory infections and is of interest in treating LVAD infections. We performed a retrospective review of four patients that underwent five separate courses of intravenous (IV) phage therapy with concomitant antibiotic for treatment of endovascular LVAD infection.

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Phage therapeutics offer a potentially powerful approach for combating multidrug-resistant bacterial infections. However, to be effective, phage therapy must overcome existing and developing phage resistance. While phage cocktails can reduce this risk by targeting multiple receptors in a single therapeutic, bacteria have mechanisms of resistance beyond receptor modification.

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Article Synopsis
  • - The EKq1 phage is a newly isolated lytic phage with no specific classification, related to other phages like VLCpiS8c and phiKp_7-2.
  • - It has a genome that spans 48,244 base pairs with a GC content of 56.43%, indicating the composition of its DNA.
  • - The genome contains 63 predicted protein-coding genes, suggesting a potential range of functions for the phage.
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Standardized approaches to phage susceptibility testing (PST) are essential to inform selection of phages for study in patients with bacterial infections. There is no reference standard for assessing bacterial susceptibility to phage. We compared agreement between PST performed at three centers: two centers using a liquid assay standardized between the sites with the third, a plaque assay.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study details the genome of a lytic phage called EAb13, which was isolated from sewage and is effective against multidrug-resistant bacteria.
  • EAb13 is categorized as an unclassified siphovirus, which are a type of virus that typically have long, flexible tails.
  • Its genome is 82,411 base pairs long, contains 40.15% GC content, includes 126 protein-coding sequences, has 1 tRNA, and features direct terminal repeats that are 2,177 base pairs long.
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We describe the genome of a lytic phage, ESa2, isolated from environmental water and specific for Staphylococcus aureus. ESa2 belongs to the family and genus . Its genome consists of 141,828 bp, with 30.

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Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is undermining modern medicine, a problem compounded by bacterial adaptation to antibiotic pressures. Phages are viruses that infect bacteria. Their diversity and evolvability offer the prospect of their use as a therapeutic solution.

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Background: Bacteriophages (phages) are a promising anti-infective option for human disease. Major gaps remain in understanding their potential utility.

Methods: This is a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study of a single dose of intravenous phage in approximately 72 clinically stable adult cystic fibrosis volunteers recruited from up to 20 US sites with Pseudomonas aeruginosa airway colonization.

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Shigellosis is a leading global cause of diarrheal disease and travelers' diarrhea now being complicated by the dissemination of antibiotic resistance, necessitating the development of alternative antibacterials such as therapeutic bacteriophages (phages). Phages with lytic activity against strains were isolated from sewage. The genomes of 32 phages were sequenced, and based on genomic comparisons belong to seven taxonomic genera: , , , , , and .

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is an emerging opportunistic Gram-negative pathogen with reports of increasing antibiotic resistance. Pan-drug resistant (PDR) infections are a growing concern, demonstrating a need for the development of alternative treatment options which is fueling a renewed interest in bacteriophage (phage) therapy. Here, we identify and characterize phage vB_PreP_EPr2 (EPr2) with lytic activity against PDR MRSN 845308, a clinical isolate that carries multiple antibiotic resistance genes.

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Here, we describe genome sequences of 17 phages, including therapeutic candidates. They belong to the families , , and and six different genera. The genomes ranged in size from 42,788 to 88,805 bp, with G+C contents of 52.

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Multidrug-resistant (MDR) infections pose a serious health threat. Bacteriophage-antibiotic combination therapy is a promising candidate for combating these infections. A 5-phage cocktail, PAM2H, was tested in combination with antibiotics (ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, meropenem) to determine if PAM2H enhances antibiotic activity.

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A potentially therapeutic Twort-like myophage, Esa1, with specificity toward was isolated from lake water. We report the complete genome sequence of ESa1, assembled using both MinION and Illumina MiSeq reads, consisting of 153,106 bp, with 30.3% GC content, 253 protein coding sequences, 4 tRNAs, and 10,437-bp direct terminal repeats.

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We report the genome sequences of 10 phages studied for their potential for formulation of a therapeutic cocktail; they represent the families , , and Genome sizes ranged from 43,299 to 88,728 nucleotides, with G+C contents of 52.1% to 62.2%.

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The reaction of 2-(bromomethyl)-1,3-thiaselenole with potassium selenocyanate proceeded via a rearrangement with ring expansion, leading to a six-membered 2,3-dihydro-1,4-thiaselenin-2-yl selenocyanate (kinetic product) which in turn underwent rearrangement with ring contraction to a 1,3-thiaselenol-2-ylmethyl selenocyanate (thermodynamic product). These rearrangements occurred by a nucleophilic attack of the selenocyanate anion at two different carbon atoms of the seleniranium intermediate. The efficient regioselective synthesis of alkyl, allyl, 2-propynyl, benzyl, 4-fluorobenzyl, and 2-pyridinylmethyl 1,3-thiaselenol-2-ylmethyl selenides was developed based on the generation of sodium 1,3-thiaselenol-2-ylmethylselenolate from 1,3-thiaselenol-2-ylmethyl selenocyanate or bis(1,3-thiaselenol-2-ylmethyl) diselenide followed by nucleophilic substitution reactions.

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In an era of proliferating multidrug resistant bacterial infections that are exhausting the capacity of existing chemical antibiotics and in which the development of new antibiotics is significantly rarer, Western medicine must seek additional therapeutic options that can be employed to treat these infections. Among the potential antibacterial solutions are bacteriophage therapeutics, which possess very different properties from broad spectrum antibiotics that are currently the standard of care, and which can be used in combination with them and often provide synergies. In this review we summarize the state of the development of bacteriophage therapeutics and discuss potential paths to the implementation of phage therapies in contemporary medicine, focused on fixed phage cocktail therapeutics since these are likely to be the first bacteriophage products licensed for broad use in Western countries.

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Staphylococci are frequent agents of health care-associated infections and include methicillin-resistant (MRSA), which is resistant to first-line antibiotic treatments. Bacteriophage (phage) therapy is a promising alternative antibacterial option to treat MRSA infections. -specific phage Sb-1 has been widely used in Georgia to treat a variety of human infections.

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A potential concern with bacteriophage (phage) therapeutics is a host-versus-phage response in which the immune system may neutralize or destroy phage particles and thus impair therapeutic efficacy, or a strong inflammatory response to repeated phage exposure might endanger the patient. Current literature is discrepant with regard to the nature and magnitude of innate and adaptive immune response to phages. The purpose of this work was to study the potential effects of phage K on the activation of human monocyte-derived dendritic cells.

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For decades, bacteriophages (phages) have been used for species identification in the diagnosis and epidemiology of brucellosis. Traditional phage typing is a multi-day procedure including the isolation of a pure culture, a step that can take up to three weeks. In this study, we focused on the use of brucellaphages for sensitive detection of the pathogen in clinical and other complex samples, and developed an indirect method of detection using real-time quantitative PCR monitoring of brucellaphage DNA amplification via replication on live cells.

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Whole genome sequencing of six diagnostic brucellaphages, Tbilisi (Tb), Firenze (Fz), Weybridge (Wb), S708, Berkeley (Bk) and R/C, was followed with genomic comparisons including recently described genomes of the Tb phage from Mexico (TbM) and Pr phage to elucidate genomic diversity and candidate host range determinants. Comparative whole genome analysis revealed high sequence homogeneity among these brucellaphage genomes and resolved three genetic groups consistent with defined host range phenotypes. Group I was composed of Tb and Fz phages that are predominantly lytic for Brucella abortus and Brucella neotomae; Group II included Bk, R/C, and Pr phages that are lytic mainly for B.

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The spread of natural or weaponized drug-resistant plague among humans is a credible high consequence threat to public health that demands the prompt introduction of alternatives to antibiotics such as bacteriophage. Early attempts to treat plague with phages in the 1920s-1930s were sometimes promising but mostly failed, purportedly due to insufficient knowledge of phage biology and poor experimental design. We recently reported the striking stability of plague diagnostic bacteriophages, their safety for animal use, propagation in vivo and partial protection of mice from deadly plague after a single injection of phage.

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