Canadian Clinical Guidelines on Social Isolation and Loneliness in Older Adults.

Background: Preventing and addressing social isolation and loneliness among older adults is important because of the known associations with negative health outcomes. The Canadian Coalition for Seniors' Mental Health (CCSMH) took on the task of creating clinical guidelines.

Method: A multidisciplinary working group was established.

Age differences in the moderating effects of neighbourhood disadvantage on the relationship between physical activity and cognitive function: A longitudinal analysis of the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging.

Objectives: To explore whether the association between physical activity (PA) and cognition is moderated by neighbourhood disadvantage, and whether this relationship varies with age.

Study Design: A longitudinal analysis of the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging, wherein we included participants (N = 41,599) from urban areas who did not change their residential postal code from baseline (2010-2015) to first follow-up (2015-2018).

Main Outcome Measures: At baseline, we measured PA using the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly, and neighbourhood disadvantage using the Material and Social Deprivation Indices.

Social isolation and loneliness among older adults living in rural areas during the COVID-19 pandemic: a scoping review.

Background: The causes and consequences of social isolation and loneliness of older people living in rural contexts during the COVID-19 pandemic were systematically reviewed to describe patterns, causes and consequences.

Methods: Using the Arksey and O'Malley (2005) scoping review method, searches were conducted between March and December 2022, 1013 articles were screened and 29 were identified for data extraction.

Results: Findings were summarized using thematic analysis separated into four major themes: prevalence of social isolation and loneliness; rural-only research; comparative urban-rural research; and technological and other interventions.

Transition Into the Caregiver Role Among Older Adults: A Study of Social Participation and Social Support Based on the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging.

Objectives: Older adults (65 years and older) are increasingly providing care for their spouses, family members, and nonkin others (e.g., friends and neighbors).

Contributors to mental health resilience in middle-aged and older adults: an analysis of the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging.

Objectives: Identifying the correlates of mental health resilience (MHR)-defined as the discrepancy between one's reported current mental health and one's predicted mental health based on their physical performance-may lead to strategies to alleviate the burden of poor mental health in aging adults. Socioeconomic factors, such as income and education, may promote MHR via modifiable factors, such as physical activity and social networks.

Design: A cross-sectional study was conducted.

Help-Seeking Behaviors Among Older Adults: A Scoping Review.

Although older adults may experience health challenges requiring increased care, they often do not ask for help. This scoping review explores the factors associated with the help-seeking behaviors of older adults, and briefly discusses how minority ethnic populations can face additional challenges in help-seeking, due to factors such as language barriers and differing health beliefs. Guided by Arksey and O'Malley's scoping review framework and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-AnalysesScoping Review guidelines, a systematic search of five databases was conducted.

Environmental Influences on Life Satisfaction and Depressive Symptoms Among Older Adults With Multimorbidity: Path Analysis Through Loneliness in the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging.

Background And Objectives: More older adults with multimorbidity are aging in place than ever before. Knowing how the environment affects their mental well-being could enhance the efficacy of age-friendly interventions for multimorbidity resilience. With reference to the Transdisciplinary Neighborhood Health Framework, we construct and examine a priori models of environmental influences on life satisfaction and depressive symptoms.

Age and sex trends in depressive symptoms across middle and older adulthood: Comparison of the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging to American and European cohorts.

Background: The literature suggests depressive symptoms differ in a non-linear fashion across adulthood and are more commonly reported in women as compared to men. Whether these trends are observed across countries in population-based cohorts is unclear.

Methods: Cross-sectional observational study of approximately 138,000 women and men between the ages of 45 and 95 from three population-based cohorts representing Canadian, European, and American populations.

Dementia-Friendly Neighborhood and the Built Environment: A Scoping Review.

Background And Objectives: There has been a proliferation of research on dementia-friendly communities in recent years, particularly on interpersonal and social aspects. Nonetheless, the neighborhood built environment remains a co-constituent of the lived experience of people living with dementia (PLWD) that is amenable to interventions for health and well-being in the community. This scoping review presents a narrative synthesis of empirical research on dementia-friendly neighborhoods, with a focus on the built environment and its associated sociobehavioral aspects.

Social Isolation Among Spousal and Adult-Child Caregivers: Findings From the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging.

Objectives: The caregiving outcomes of spousal and adult-child caregivers are widely studied since they are the most common source of support provided to adults. However, the literature on social isolation among spousal and adult-child caregivers is very limited. In order to further elaborate and specify unique caregiving outcomes, this study focuses on social isolation, both longitudinally and comparatively between spousal and adult-child caregivers.

Linking Lives in Ethnically Diverse Families: The Interconnectedness of Home Leaving and Retirement Transitions.

Drawing from a sociocultural life course perspective, this study examines the linkages between two age-related family transitions: young adult children leaving home and parental retirement. A sample of 580 ethnically diverse parents aged 50+ with at least one adult child aged 19-35 living in Metro Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, was used in this study based on four cultural groups: British-, Chinese-, Persian/Iranian-, or South Asian-Canadian. Separate survival analyses are used to predict the timing of, and associations between children's leaving home and parents' retirement.

Health supports needed for homeless persons transitioning from hospitals.

Being homeless has a negative effect on health and the health needs of individuals experiencing homelessness are complex and challenging to address. As a result of limited access to and use of primary healthcare, the main point of entry into the healthcare system for individuals experiencing homelessness is often hospitals and emergency departments. Persons experiencing homelessness are commonly discharged from hospital settings to locations that do not support recovery or access to follow-up care (e.

Development of a physical literacy model for older adults - a consensus process by the collaborative working group on physical literacy for older Canadians.

Background: Arguably the uptake and usability of the physical activity (PA) guidelines for older adults has not been effective with only 12% of this population meeting the minimum guidelines to maintain health. Health promoters must consider innovative ways to increase PA adoption and long-term sustainability. Physical literacy (PL) is emerging as a promising strategy to increase lifelong PA participation in younger age-groups, yet there is relatively little evidence of PL being used to support older adults in achieving the PA guidelines.

On and Off the Mat: Yoga Experiences of Middle-Aged and Older Adults.

This article explores potential differences in yoga practice between middle-and older-aged adults. A health belief - life course model frames this research, and a mixed-methods analytic strategy is employed to examine life course pathways into yoga and motivations to practice, as well as perceived barriers and health benefits. For the quantitative analyses, a convenience sample of 452 participants was collected using an online questionnaire.

A Lifecourse Model of Multimorbidity Resilience: Theoretical and Research Developments.

The purpose of this article is to advance a Lifecourse Model of Multimorbidity Resilience. It focuses on the ways in which individuals face adversities associated with multimorbidity and regain a sense of wellness through a complex, dynamic phenomenon termed resilience. A comprehensive review of 112 publications (between 1995 and 2015) was conducted using several comprehensive electronic data bases.

Estimating multiple morbidity disease burden among older persons: a convergent construct validity study to discriminate among six chronic illness measures, CCHS 2008/09.

Background: Since approximately two in three older adults (65+) report having two or more chronic diseases, causes and consequences of multimorbidity among older persons has important personal and societal issues. Indeed, having more than one chronic condition might involve synergetic effects, which can increase impact on disabilities and quality of life of older adults. Moreover, persons with multimorbidity require more health care treatments, implying burden for the person, her/his family and the health care system.

Population pressures, system-level inertia and healthy aging policy revisited.

Chappell and Hollander provide support for a set of policy directives formulated for an aging population. An integrated continuum of care model is the fulcrum of the policy prescription, given evidence-based support for its cost-effectiveness; improved quality of care and quality of life; and the success of similar models found in Denmark, Japan and other countries. This commentary addresses the underlying assumptions of these policy recommendations, identifies the major barriers to their implementation and suggests solutions.