Association between frailty and clinical outcomes in patients undergoing craniotomy-systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.

Background: Frailty in patients undergoing craniotomy may affect perioperative outcomes. There have been a number of studies published in this field; however, evidence is yet to be summarized in a quantitative review format. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine the effects of frailty on perioperative outcomes in patients undergoing craniotomy surgery.

Re-evaluating our language when reducing risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission to healthcare workers: Time to rethink the term, "aerosol-generating procedures".

The term, "aerosol-generating procedures" (AGPs), was proposed during the prior SARS-CoV-1 epidemic in order to maximise healthcare worker and patient protection. The concept of AGPs has since expanded to include routine therapeutic processes such as various modes of oxygen delivery and non-invasive ventilation modalities. Evidence gained during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has brought into question the concept of AGPs with regard to intubation, airway management, non-invasive ventilation and high flow nasal oxygen delivery.

Perioperative Multimodal Analgesia for Adults Undergoing Surgery of the Spine-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Three or More Modalities.

Background: Multimodal analgesia is a strategy that can be used to improve pain management in the perioperative period for patients undergoing surgery of the spine. However, no review evidence is available on the quantitative models of multimodal analgesia within this clinical setting. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine the effects of maximal (≥3 analgesic agents) multimodal analgesic medication for patients undergoing surgery of the spine.

Perioperative Intravenous Lidocaine Infusion for Postoperative Analgesia in Patients Undergoing Surgery of the Spine: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objective: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine the impact of perioperative intravenous lidocaine infusion on pain management scores, opioid consumption, adverse events, and hospital length of stay in patients undergoing spinal surgery.

Methods: We included randomized controlled trials evaluating the use of perioperative intravenous lidocaine in adult and pediatric patients undergoing spinal surgery. Primary outcomes were postoperative pain scores at rest and at 2, 4-6, 24, and 48 hours and adverse events attributable to lidocaine administration.

Pathway for enhanced recovery after spinal surgery-a systematic review of evidence for use of individual components.

Background: Enhanced recovery in spinal surgery (ERSS) has shown promising improvements in clinical and economical outcomes. We have proposed an ERSS pathway based on available evidence. We aimed to delineate the clinical efficacy of individual pathway components in ERSS through a systematic narrative review.

Use of powered air-purifying respirator(PAPR) as part of protective equipment against SARS-CoV-2-a narrative review and critical appraisal of evidence.

Background: The last 2 decades have seen an increasing frequency of zoonotic origin viral diseases leaping from animal to human hosts including Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronaviruses (SARS-CoV-2). Respiratory component of the infectious disease program against SARS-CoV-2 incorporates use of protective airborne respiratory equipment.

Methods: In this narrative review, we explore the features of Powered Air Purifying Respirators (PAPR) as well as logistical and evidence-based advantages and disadvantages.

Perioperative intravenous lignocaine infusion for postoperative pain control in patients undergoing surgery of the spine: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Intravenous lignocaine is an amide local anaesthetic known for its analgesic, antihyperalgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. Administration of intravenous lignocaine has been shown to enhance perioperative recovery parameters. This is the protocol for a systematic review which intends to summarise the evidence base for perioperative intravenous lignocaine administration in patients undergoing spinal surgery.

Use of powered air-purifying respirator (PAPR) by healthcare workers for preventing highly infectious viral diseases-a systematic review of evidence.

Background: Healthcare workers (HCWs) are at particular risk during pandemics and epidemics of highly virulent diseases with significant morbidity and case fatality rate. These diseases include severe acute respiratory syndrome coronaviruses, SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2, Middle Eastern Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), and Ebola. With the current (SARS-CoV-2) global pandemic, it is critical to delineate appropriate contextual respiratory protection for HCWs.

Proposed pathway for patients undergoing enhanced recovery after spinal surgery: protocol for a systematic review.

Background: The best evidence-enhanced recovery care pathway is yet to be defined for patients undergoing spinal surgery. Minimally invasive surgery, multimodal analgesia, early mobilization, and early postoperative nutrition have been considered as critical components of enhanced recovery in spinal surgery (ERSS). The objective of this study will be to synthesize the evidence underpinning individual components of a proposed multidisciplinary enhanced recovery pathway for patients undergoing spinal surgery.

Subcutaneous sumatriptan for the treatment of postcraniotomy pain (SUPS trial): protocol for a randomised double-blinded placebo controlled trial.

Introduction: Postcraniotomy pain protocols use opioids, which are considered suboptimal analgesia following this procedure. Multimodal analgesia components are sparse. Our null hypothesis states that sumatriptan is not different to placebo in addition to usual intravenous opioids, for the treatment of acute postcraniotomy pain.

Trauma resuscitation errors and computer-assisted decision support.

Hypothesis: This project tested the hypothesis that computer-aided decision support during the first 30 minutes of trauma resuscitation reduces management errors.

Design: Ours was a prospective, open, randomized, controlled interventional study that evaluated the effect of real-time, computer-prompted, evidence-based decision and action algorithms on error occurrence during initial resuscitation between January 24, 2006, and February 25, 2008.

Setting: A level I adult trauma center.

Prediction of neurological outcome using bispectral index monitoring in patients with severe ischemic-hypoxic brain injury undergoing emergency surgery.

Background: Predicting outcome from ischemic-hypoxic brain injury can be difficult in patients rushed to the operating room for time-critical emergency surgery. The authors chose to evaluate the prognostic ability of bispectral index (BIS) in this setting.

Methods: Twenty-five critically ill, unconscious patients with ischemic-hypoxic brain injury undergoing emergency surgery were prospectively studied.

Analgesia best practice after cardiac surgery.

Sources of pain after cardiac surgery include sternotomy, rib retraction, conduit harvest, and drain tubes sites. An analgesic regimen should consider individual patient characteristics, including age, preoperative history of pain and response to analgesics, comorbidities, and psychologic state. Intraoperative and postoperatively administered opioids remain the mainstay of therapy, but adjunctive analgesics such as paracetamol, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and tramadol, and regional techniques, can reduce opioid consumption and opioid-induced respiratory depression.

Recombinant factor VIIa for life-threatening bleeding in high-risk cardiac surgery despite full-dose aprotinin.

We report the case of an orthotopic heart transplant in a patient with multiple previous cardiac surgeries. The case was prolonged and complicated by severe coagulopathy and bleeding despite the use of full-dose aprotinin throughout. Bleeding was not controlled after 30 U of platelets, 20 U of fresh frozen plasma, and 10 U of cryoprecipitate.

Remifentanil, fentanyl, and cardiac surgery: a double-blinded, randomized, controlled trial of costs and outcomes.

Unlabelled: Remifentanil may be beneficial in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery, by promoting hemodynamic stability, reducing drug requirements, and attenuating the neurohumoral "stress response." We enrolled 77 cardiac surgical patients in a double-blinded, randomized trial and randomly allocated them to one of three groups: remifentanil infusion at 0.83 micro g.