A Novel Cadaveric Model of the Quadriga Effect.

Introduction: The quadriga phenomenon results from excessive shortening of the flexor digitorum profundus (FDP) tendon to the middle, ring, or small finger.

Methods: Five cadaveric specimens were used to create a model for quadriga. The FDP tendons to the middle, ring, and small fingers were shortened in 5-mm increments, and the tip-to-palm (TTP) distance of adjacent fingers was recorded.

Sural Versus Perforator Flaps for Distal Medial Leg Wounds.

Soft tissue coverage of distal medial ankle wounds is a challenging problem in orthopedic surgery because of the limited local tissues and prominent instrumentation. Traditionally, these wounds required free tissue transfer to achieve suitable coverage and subsequent bony union. To better respect the reconstructive ladder and to avoid the inherent difficulty of free flap coverage, rotational flaps have been used to cover these wounds.

Simultaneous soft tissue coverage of both medial and lateral ankle wounds: Sural and rotational flap coverage after revision fixation in an infected diabetic ankle fracture.

Aims: To describe a case of simultaneous medial and lateral soft tissue coverage for exposed orthopaedic implants in the setting of revision fixation of a non-united ankle fracture. This was achieved using a sural flap as well as a propeller flap.

Methods: Case report.

Deltoid ligament abnormalities in chronic lateral ankle instability.

Background: Treatment of patients with repeated ankle sprains and chronic lateral ankle instability tends to focus on the lateral collateral ligaments. We reviewed records to ascertain the prevalence of abnormalities of the deltoid ligament in this population.

Methods: Retrospective review of MR images and surgical reports was performed for all patients during a 3-year period that underwent surgical treatment of chronic ankle instability at a single institution.