A microRNA expression and regulatory element activity atlas of the mouse immune system.

To better define the control of immune system regulation, we generated an atlas of microRNA (miRNA) expression from 63 mouse immune cell populations and connected these signatures with assay for transposase-accessible chromatin using sequencing (ATAC-seq), chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by sequencing (ChIP-seq) and nascent RNA profiles to establish a map of miRNA promoter and enhancer usage in immune cells. miRNA complexity was relatively low, with >90% of the miRNA compartment of each population comprising <75 miRNAs; however, each cell type had a unique miRNA signature. Integration of miRNA expression with chromatin accessibility revealed putative regulatory elements for differentially expressed miRNAs, including miR-21a, miR-146a and miR-223.

Streamlined Protocol for Deep Proteomic Profiling of FAC-sorted Cells and Its Application to Freshly Isolated Murine Immune Cells.

Proteomic profiling describes the molecular landscape of proteins in cells immediately available to sense, transduce, and enact the appropriate responses to extracellular queues. Transcriptional profiling has proven invaluable to our understanding of cellular responses; however, insights may be lost as mounting evidence suggests transcript levels only moderately correlate with protein levels in steady state cells. Mass spectrometry-based quantitative proteomics is a well-suited and widely used analytical tool for studying global protein abundances.

The cis-Regulatory Atlas of the Mouse Immune System.

A complete chart of cis-regulatory elements and their dynamic activity is necessary to understand the transcriptional basis of differentiation and function of an organ system. We generated matched epigenome and transcriptome measurements in 86 primary cell types that span the mouse immune system and its differentiation cascades. This breadth of data enable variance components analysis that suggests that genes fall into two distinct classes, controlled by either enhancer- or promoter-driven logic, and multiple regression that connects genes to the enhancers that regulate them.

BEVACIZUMAB LEVELS IN BREAST MILK AFTER LONG-TERM INTRAVITREAL INJECTIONS.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine whether bevacizumab is detectable in the breast milk of nursing mothers.

Methods: Breast milk samples were collected from 2 patients receiving monthly intravitreal bevacizumab injections for choroidal neovascularization over the course of 16 months. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blot analysis was used to determine the levels of bevacizumab in the milk samples.