Identifying the gene responsible for non-photochemical quenching reversal in Phaeodactylum tricornutum.

Algae such as diatoms and haptophytes have distinct photosynthetic pigments from plants, including a novel set of carotenoids. This includes a primary xanthophyll cycle comprised of diadinoxanthin and its de-epoxidation product diatoxanthin that enables the switch between light harvesting and non-photochemical quenching (NPQ)-mediated dissipation of light energy. The enzyme responsible for the reversal of this cycle was previously unknown.

Early Acute Kidney Injury in Adult Patients With Burns in Australia & New Zealand.

Introduction: Acute kidney injury (AKI) following burns is associated with increased mortality and morbidity. Some patients require renal replacement therapy. There is limited large-scale data to sufficiently validate risk factors influencing the incidence and severity of early AKI, defined as AKI within the first 72 h since admission to a burn center following burn injury.

Impact of COVID-19 vaccinations on emergency department presentations.

Objective: The aim of the present study was to describe the burden of patients presenting to the ED with symptoms occurring after receiving a COVID-19 vaccination.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study performed over a 4-month period across two EDs. Participants were eligible for inclusion if it was documented in the ED triage record that their ED attendance was associated with the receipt of a COVID-19 vaccination.

Informing the Alfred Registry for Emergency Care Project: An analysis of presenting complaint documentation in an emergency department.

Objective: To assess the feasibility of an ED presenting complaint (PC) tool that categorised all ED PCs into 10 categories.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of 1445 consecutive patient encounters was conducted. The primary outcome was the frequency of use of the 10 PC categories.

Routine Catheter Lock Solutions in Pediatric Cancer Care: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial of Heparin vs Saline.

Background: Central venous access devices (CVADs) are integral to cancer care provision. Despite the high prevalence of CVAD complications in children with cancer, preventative strategies are understudied.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess study feasibility, occlusive events, thrombolytic use, adverse events, and direct costs of catheter lock solutions.

Episome-Based Gene Expression Modulation Platform in the Model Diatom .

Chemically inducible gene expression systems have been an integral part of the advanced synthetic genetic circuit design and are employed for precise dynamic control over genetically engineered traits. However, the current systems for controlling transgene expression in most algae are limited to endogenous promoters that respond to different environmental factors. We developed a highly efficient, tunable, and reversible episome-based transcriptional control system in the model diatom alga, .

Epidemiology and clinical features of emergency department patients with suspected and confirmed COVID-19: A multisite report from the COVID-19 Emergency Department Quality Improvement Project for July 2020 (COVED-3).

Objective: The aim of the present study was to describe the epidemiology and clinical features of patients presenting to the ED with suspected and confirmed COVID-19.

Methods: The COVID-19 ED (COVED) Project is an ongoing prospective cohort study in Australian EDs. This analysis presents data from eight sites across Victoria and Tasmania for July 2020 (during Australia's 'second wave').

Impact of patient isolation on emergency department length of stay: A retrospective cohort study using the Registry for Emergency Care.

Objective: The number of patients with suspected COVID-19 presenting to Australian EDs continues to impose a burden on healthcare services. Isolation is an important aspect of infection prevention and control, but has been associated with undesirable consequences among hospital inpatients. The aim of the present study was to determine if isolation is associated with an increased length of stay (LOS) in the ED.

Epidemiology and clinical features of emergency department patients with suspected COVID-19: Results from the first month of the COVID-19 Emergency Department Quality Improvement Project (COVED-2).

Objective: The aim of the present study was to describe the epidemiological and clinical features of ED patients with suspected and confirmed COVID-19.

Methods: The COVID-19 Emergency Department (COVED) Project is an ongoing prospective cohort study that includes all adult patients presenting to The Alfred Hospital ED who undergo testing for SARS-CoV-2. Current guidelines recommend testing for patients with fevers or chills, acute respiratory symptoms or a high-risk exposure history, as well as implementation of infection prevention and control precautions for all suspected and confirmed cases.

Informing emergency care for all patients: The Registry for Emergency Care (REC) Project protocol.

Objective: In Australia, the current ED burden related to COVID-19 is from 'suspected' rather than 'confirmed' cases. The initial aim of the Registry for Emergency Care (REC) Project is to determine the impact of isolation processes on the emergency care of all patients.

Methods: The REC Project builds on the COVID-19 Emergency Department Quality Improvement (COVED) Project.

Epidemiology and clinical features of emergency department patients with suspected COVID-19: Initial results from the COVID-19 Emergency Department Quality Improvement Project (COVED-1).

Objective: The COVID-19 Emergency Department (COVED) Quality Improvement Project aims to provide regular and real-time clinical information to ED clinicians caring for patients with suspected and confirmed COVID-19. The present study summarises data from the first 2 weeks of the study.

Methods: COVED is an ongoing prospective cohort study that commenced on 1 April 2020.

Informing emergency care for COVID-19 patients: The COVID-19 Emergency Department Quality Improvement Project protocol.

Objectives: There is an urgency to support Australian ED clinicians with real-time tools as the COVID-19 pandemic evolves. The COVID-19 Emergency Department (COVED) Quality Improvement Project has commenced and will provide flexible and responsive clinical tools to determine the predictors of key ED-relevant clinical outcomes.

Methods: The COVED Project includes all adult patients presenting to a participating ED and meeting contemporary testing criteria for COVID-19.

Inter-ligand energy transfer in dye chromophores attached to high bandgap SiO nanoparticles.

Artificial light harvesters require ordered arrangement of chromophores. We covalently attach three organic chromophore ligands to silicon dioxide nanoparticles. This allows us to study inter-ligand energy transfer when attached to SiO2 nanoparticles, creating a simple system with a large ratio of donors to acceptors.

Longer time to transfer from the emergency department after bed request is associated with worse outcomes.

Objective: To determine the relationships between: (i) total ED length of stay (EDLOS) and in-hospital mortality, ward clinical deterioration; and (ii) between time of bed request, ward transfer and in-hospital mortality, with a particular focus on patients transferred just prior to a 4 h EDLOS.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study using data from three acute care hospitals in Melbourne, Australia. Adult patients admitted from the ED to a non-monitored ward within 8 h.

Process for the synthesis of symmetric and unsymmetric oxygen bridged dimers of boron subphthalocyanines (μ-oxo-(BsubPc)2s).

A process for the gram scale synthesis of the oxygen bridged dimer of boron subphthalocyanine, μ-oxo-(BsubPc)2, has been developed. During the development it was found that a wide range of reaction pathways under diverse conditions lead to μ-oxo-(BsubPc)2 formation. However, obtaining μ-oxo-(BsubPc)2 as the main reaction product in appreciable yields and its subsequent isolation were extremely challenging.

Modulation of reactive oxygen species photogeneration of bacteriopheophorbide a derivatives by exocyclic E-ring opening and charge modifications.

With the knowledge that the dominant photodynamic therapy (PDT) mechanism of 1a (WST09) switched from type 2 to type 1 for 1b (WST11) upon taurine-driven E-ring opening, we hypothesized that taurine-driven E-ring opening of bacteriochlorophyll derivatives and net-charge variations would modulate reactive oxygen species (ROS) photogeneration. Eight bacteriochlorophyll a derivatives were synthesized with varying charges that either contained the E ring (2a-5a) or were synthesized by taurine-driven E-ring opening (2b-5b). Time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) modeling showed that all derivatives would be type 2 PDT-active, and ROS-activated fluorescent probes were used to investigate the photogeneration of a combination of type 1 and type 2 PDT ROS in organic- and aqueous-based solutions.

Sulfonate pseudohalides of boron subphthalocyanine.

The crystal structures of three sulfonate pseudohalide derivatives of boron subphthalocyanine (BsubPc) are described and compared with four structures of three published sulfonate derivatives. Benzenesulfonate boron subphthalocyanine [(benzenesulfonato)(subphthalocyaninato)boron, C(30)H(17)BN(6)O(3)S, (I)] crystallizes in the space group P-1 with Z = 2. The structure contains two centrosymmetric π-stacking interactions between the concave faces of the isoindoline units in the BsubPc ligands.

Pseudohalides of boron subphthalocyanine.

The synthesis and study of a series of pseudohalides of boron subphthalocyanine (BsubPc) are reported. Each pseudohalide has been compared to the more common chloride and bromide of BsubPc, and we have found that most react slower under standard phenoxylation and hydrolysis conditions. Three pseudohalides (TsO-BsubPc, MsO-BsubPc, and BsO-BsubPc) do not hydrolyze at all even after prolonged periods of time in the presence of water.

(4-Cyano-phenolato)(subphthalocyaninato)boron.

The crystal structure of the title compound, C(31)H(16)BN(7)O, (CNPhO-BsubPc) is characterized by pairs of π-π stacking inter-actions between the concave faces of inversion-related BsubPc fragments with a centroid-centroid distance of 3.600 (1) Å. In addition, these pairs of mol-ecules are linked into chains along [101] through further weak π-π stacking inter-actions with a centroid-centroid distance of 3.

Chloro boron subphthalocyanine and its derivatives: dyes, pigments or somewhere in between?

Nine derivatives of chloro boron subphthalocyanine (Cl-BsubPc, 1) have been synthesized and characterized. Seven dimers of Cl-BsubPc have been synthesized by reaction with biphenol (2a), bisphenol A (2b), bisphenol F (2c), bisphenol O (2d), bisphenol P (2e), bisphenol S (2f) and bisphenol Z (2g). For comparison two monomeric phenoxy- (3a) and 4-methylphenoxy (3b) BsubPcs have also been synthesized.

(4-Acetyl-phenolato)(subphthalo-cyaninato)boron(III).

In the title compound, C(32)H(19)BN(6)O(2), the B atom adopts a BON(3) tetra-hedral coordination geometry. In the crystal, pairs of mol-ecules are associated through aromatic π-π stacking inter-actions between the concave faces of the boronsubphthalocyanine fragments at a centroid-centroid distance of 3.4951 (19) Å and a weaker inter-action of the same type between the convex faces of the same group [centroid-centroid separation = 3.

(Dodecafluorosubphthalocyaninato)(4-methylphenolato)boron(III).

In the title compound, C(31)H(7)BF(12)N(6)O, mol-ecules are arranged into one-dimensional columns with an inter-molecular B⋯B distance of 5.3176 (8) Å. Bowl-shaped mol-ecules are arranged within the columns in a concave bowl-to-ligand arrangement separated by a ring centroid distance of 3.

(4-Nitro-phenolato)(subphthalo-cyaninato)boron(III).

The main feature of the structure of the title compound, C(30)H(16)BN(7)O(3) or NO(2)PhO-BsubPc, are pairs of mol-ecules linked through π-inter-actions between the concave faces of the BsubPc fragments at a distance of 3.5430 (11) Å across an inversion centre. However, the angle between the planes of the five- and six-menbered rings involved in this inter-action is 1.