Trust Development Between Speech-Language Pathologists and Laryngologists: A Thematic Analysis.

Objectives: Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) and laryngologists often work closely in interdisciplinary settings evaluating and treating patients with voice, swallowing, and airway disorders. This collaboration is integral to providing optimum patient care. We theorize that trust is an essential component of this relationship and contributes to effective patient care and professional satisfaction.

Private Equity Investment in Surgical Care.

Objective: To characterize the extent of private equity (PE) investment affecting surgical care.

Background: Over the last decade, investor-backed, for-profit PE groups have invested in health care at an unprecedented rate, but the breadth of these investments affecting surgical practice remains largely unknown.

Methods: Four nationally representative databases were used to identify all merger/acquisitions involving surgical practices between 2015 and 2019, determine PE investment in those transactions, and link the acquisitions with a physician data set.

Serial Intralesional Steroid Injection for Subglottic Stenosis: Systemic Side Effects and Impact on Surgery-Free Interval.

Objectives: In-office serial intralesional steroid injections (SILSIs) have become a commonly used treatment for subglottic stenosis. We characterized the impact of SILSIs on the time between operating room visits and incidence of glucocorticoid systemic side effects.

Study Design: Retrospective case series.

Postacute COVID-19 Laryngeal Injury and Dysfunction.

Objective: Patients with COVID-19 are at risk for laryngeal injury and dysfunction secondary to respiratory failure, prolonged intubation, and other unique facets of this illness. Our goal is to report clinical features and treatment for patients presenting with voice, airway, and/or swallowing concerns postacute COVID-19.

Study Design: Case series.

Voice-Related Quality of Life Is Associated with Postoperative Change in Subglottic Stenosis.

Objectives: To characterize the impact of subglottic stenosis (SGS) on voice-related quality of life (V-RQOL) and quantify the effect of treatment on voice outcomes.

Study Design: Case series.

Methods: Retrospective review of SGS patients treated from 1996 to 2018 at a single institution to assess for 1) V-RQOL association with individual patient cumulative treatment number and 2) V-RQOL correlation with treatment type, time between treatments, and degree of stenosis.

Concanamycin A counteracts HIV-1 Nef to enhance immune clearance of infected primary cells by cytotoxic T lymphocytes.

Nef is an HIV-encoded accessory protein that enhances pathogenicity by down-regulating major histocompatibility class I (MHC-I) expression to evade killing by cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). A potent Nef inhibitor that restores MHC-I is needed to promote immune-mediated clearance of HIV-infected cells. We discovered that the plecomacrolide family of natural products restored MHC-I to the surface of Nef-expressing primary cells with variable potency.

Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells Are a Distinct HIV Reservoir that Contributes to Persistent Viremia in Suppressed Patients.

Long-lived reservoirs of persistent HIV are a major barrier to a cure. CD4 hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) have the capacity for lifelong survival, self-renewal, and the generation of daughter cells. Recent evidence shows that they are also susceptible to HIV infection in vitro and in vivo.