Cerebrovascular hemodynamics association with brain structure and function in Multiple Sclerosis.

Background: Vascular risk factors seem to contribute to disease progression in Multiple Sclerosis (MS), but the mechanistic connection between vascular risk and MS is unknown. Understanding cerebrovascular hemodynamics (CVH) in MS may help advance our understanding of the link between vascular risk and MS.

Objectives: Examine the relationship between CVH [dynamic cerebral autoregulation (dCA) and vasoreactivity (VR)] and brain structure (MRI) and function (cognition, and gait) in individuals with MS.

Could salt intake directly affect the cerebral microvasculature in hypertension?

Objectives: Excess dietary salt and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are acknowledged stroke risk factors. The development of small vessel disease, similarly affecting the cerebral and renal microvasculatures, may be an important mechanistic link underlying this interaction. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate if the dietary salt intake and markers of CKD (estimated glomerular filtration rate, albuminuria) relate to transcranial Doppler (TCD) markers of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) in hypertensive patients.

Intracranial Blood Flow Quantification by Accelerated Dual-venc 4D Flow MRI: Comparison With Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound.

Background: Dual-venc 4D flow MRI, recently introduced for the assessment of intracranial hemodynamics, may provide a promising complementary approach to well-established tools such as transcranial Doppler ultrasound (TCD) and overcome some of their disadvantages. However, data comparing intracranial flow measures from dual-venc 4D flow MRI and TCD are lacking.

Purpose: To compare cerebral blood flow velocity measures derived from dual-venc 4D flow MRI and TCD.

Neurovascular Coupling Is Impaired in Hypertensive and Diabetic Subjects Without Symptomatic Cerebrovascular Disease.

The mechanistic link between hypertension, diabetes and cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is still poorly understood. We hypothesized that hypertension and diabetes could impair cerebrovascular regulation prior to irreversibly established cerebrovascular disease. In this study, 52 hypertensive patients [54% males; age 64 ± 11 years; 58% with comorbid diabetes mellitus (DM)] without symptomatic cerebrovascular disease underwent transcranial Doppler (TCD) monitoring in the middle (MCA) and posterior (PCA) cerebral arteries, to assess vasoreactivity to carbon dioxide (VRCO) and neurovascular coupling (NVC).

Application of H-NMR-based metabolomics to the analysis of cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon) supplements.

Introduction: Commercial cranberry supplements provide a low-sugar alternative to juices and sweetened fruit consumed for health benefits, but their phytochemical composition and associated biological activity varies depending on the source material and post-harvest processing. Proton nuclear magnetic resonance ( H-NMR) is a rapid and environmentally friendly method of generating metabolic profiles of plant materials that may be used to authenticate cranberry products.

Objective: The H NMR-based chemometrics were used to characterise variations in metabolic profiles of cranberry supplements in comparison to a whole cranberry powder reference standard.