Health in the age of asset manager capitalism.

A relatively small number of for-profit asset managers-financial intermediaries that invest capital on behalf of other investors-have emerged in recent decades to become some of the most influential commercial actors in the global political economy. Despite their important role in society, asset managers have received little attention from a public health perspective. In this article, we aimed to propose a conceptual framework of potential pathways and mechanisms through which asset managers may influence health and equity.

Hyperflexing the horse's neck: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

The article reports a meta-analysis of 58 peer-reviewed studies investigating on dorsoventral hyperflexion of the neck in horses, a practice under substantial public and scientific scrutiny for the past two decades. The following databases were last searched on 28.05.

Predicting the risks of kidney failure and death in adults with moderate to severe chronic kidney disease: multinational, longitudinal, population based, cohort study.

Objective: To train and test a super learner strategy for risk prediction of kidney failure and mortality in people with incident moderate to severe chronic kidney disease (stage G3b to G4).

Design: Multinational, longitudinal, population based, cohort study.

Settings: Linked population health data from Canada (training and temporal testing), and Denmark and Scotland (geographical testing).

Case report: Acute dyspnea secondary to urinothorax following ureteroscopy.

A 63-year-old female presented with a tension urinothorax after pyeloscopy, lithotripsy, and percutaneous nephrolithotomy that manifested as dyspnea and abdominal pain. CT Thorax demonstrated a large right pleural effusion with middle and lower lobe collapse with leftward shift concerning for tension hydrothorax. Analysis of the effusion after pigtail catheter demonstrated an exudative effusion with resultant resolution of the effusion after a 5-day hospital course.

Detection of Nitroaromatic and Peroxide-Based Explosives with Amine- and Phosphine-Functionalized Diketopyrrolopyrroles.

Effective strategies for the detection and identification of explosives are highly desirable. Herein, we illustrate the efficient optoelectronic detection of nitroaromatic and peroxide-based explosives using amine- and phosphine-substituted diketopyrrolopyrroles. Selective quenching and an unprecedented enhancement of thin-film emission in the presence of nitroaromatic vapors are demonstrated the judicious choice of amine substituents.

Acquired Hemophilia A Secondary to an Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor: A Case Report.

We report a case of a patient with extensive-stage SCLC who developed acquired hemophilia A during maintenance atezolizumab therapy. The patient initially presented with asymptomatic anemia, a prolonged acquired prothrombin time, and factor VIII (FVIII) deficiency. Acquired FVIII autoantibodies were detected, confirming the diagnosis of acquired hemophilia.

Patient-reported outcomes in human papillomavirus-related oropharyngeal cancer.

This review explores how human papillomavirus-related oropharyngeal cancer affects health-related quality of life (HR-QoL) and the role patient-reported outcomes (PROs) can play in optimizing treatment. PRO measures (PROMs) are comprehensive, subjective assessments of patients' day-to-day HR-QoL. Developed through a scientifically robust, multistage process, PROMs offer insight into patients' symptoms, function, and satisfaction with care.

The role of abnormal subaortic morphometry as a substrate for left ventricular outflow tract obstruction following atrioventricular septal defect repair.

Objectives: Although left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction is a recognized risk after atrioventricular (AV) septal defect (AVSD) repair, quantitative assessments to define the substrate of the obstruction are lacking.

Methods: Morphometric analyses were based on measurements from early 2-dimensional echocardiographic scans (within 3 months postoperatively) for 117 patients (82 CAVVO = common AV valve; 35 SAVVO = separate AV valve orifices), which were compared to 50 age/weight matched controls (atrial septal defect/ventricular septal defect). Late echocardiographic analyses were performed in 57 patients with AVSD (follow-up range, 1.

Development of a video analysis protocol and assessment of fall characteristics in equestrian cross-country eventing.

Cross-country eventing is one of the highest-risk sporting activities for serious injury outcomes. This study investigated relationships between fall characteristics and high-risk falls at jumps in cross-country eventing. A video analysis protocol was systematically developed to analyze 87 video recordings of high-risk rider falls; defined as when the rider's head impacted the ground and/or where there was potential horse impact with the rider.

Population Epidemiology of Hyperkalemia: Cardiac and Kidney Long-term Health Outcomes.

Rationale & Objective: The population burden and long-term implications of hyperkalemia have not been comprehensively studied. We studied how often and where hyperkalemia occurs as well as its independent association with survival and long-term cardiac and kidney health.

Study Design: Population-based cohort study of adult residents of Grampian, United Kingdom.

Intraosseous Regional Prophylactic Antibiotics Decrease the Risk of Prosthetic Joint Infection in Primary TKA: A Multicenter Study.

Background: Recent studies have demonstrated that the administration of regional prophylactic antibiotics by intraosseous (IO) injection achieves tissue concentrations around the knee that are 10- to 15-fold higher than intravenous (IV) delivery of prophylactic antibiotics. It is currently unknown whether the use of regional prophylactic antibiotics for primary TKA would result in a lower risk of prosthetic joint infection (PJI).

Questions/purposes: (1) Is IO injection of prophylactic antibiotics associated with a decreased risk of early (< 12 months) deep PJI compared with traditional IV prophylactic antibiotics? (2) What other patient factors are associated with an increased risk of early PJI after TKA, and do regional prophylactic antibiotics influence these risk factors? (3) Can IO antibiotics be administered to all patients, and what complications occurred from the delivery of IO prophylactic antibiotics?

Methods: A retrospective comparative study of all primary TKAs (1909 TKAs) over a 5-year period (January 2013 to December 2017) was performed to determine the risk of early PJI.

Predictors of surgical complications in patients with sinonasal malignancy.

Objectives: Sinonasal and skull base tumors are rare, making it difficult to identify trends in surgical outcome. This study examines complications in a large cohort of patients undergoing surgery for sinonasal malignancy.

Methods: Following IRB approval, an institutional database was reviewed to identify patients who underwent surgery for sinonasal or skull base malignancies from 1973 to 2016 at our institution.

Factors associated with unplanned reinterventions and their relation to early mortality after pediatric cardiac surgery.

Objective: Unplanned reintervention (uRE) is used as an indicator of patient morbidity and quality of care in pediatric cardiac surgery. We investigated associated factors and early mortality after uREs.

Methods: Morbidity data were prospectively collected in 5 UK centers between 2015 and 2017; uRE included surgical cardiac, interventional transcatheter cardiac, permanent pacemaker, and diaphragm plication procedures.

Validation of the Equine Behaviour Assessment and Research Questionnaire (E-BARQ): A New Survey Instrument for Exploring and Monitoring the Domestic Equine Triad.

The Equine Behaviour Assessment and Research Questionnaire (E-BARQ) was developed to obtain quantitative data on the domestic equine triad: training, management and behaviour. It can be taken repeatedly, thus collecting longitudinal data to enable evaluation of how changes in a horse's training and management are reflected in that horse's behaviour over time and how these changes can impact horse welfare in the longer term. Questionnaire validation and reliability were tested by determining (a) whether an owner's subjective ratings of their horse's problematic behaviours or undesirable temperament traits were reflected in the questionnaire scores obtained for that horse (construct validity), (b) whether two respondents, equally familiar with a particular horse, reported comparable scores for that horse through the questionnaire (inter-rater reliability), and (c) whether the same respondent, scoring the same horse after a known interval of time, recorded similar responses (intra-rater reliability).

The Development of a Novel Questionnaire Approach to the Investigation of Horse Training, Management, and Behaviour.

The Equine Behaviour Assessment and Research Questionnaire (E-BARQ) is a questionnaire instrument developed to obtain quantitative data on the domestic equine triad of training, management, and behaviour of horses. The E-BARQ was developed to identify how changes in training and management impact behaviour over time, to define normal behaviour in horses, and to discover how to improve rider safety and horse welfare, leading to ethical equitation. During the development of the E-BARQ, we also investigated how best to motivate stakeholders to engage with this citizen science project.

The 2020 Five Domains Model: Including Human-Animal Interactions in Assessments of Animal Welfare.

Throughout its 25-year history, the Five Domains Model for animal welfare assessment has been regularly updated to include at each stage the latest authenticated developments in animal welfare science thinking. The domains of the most up-to-date Model described here are: 1 Nutrition, 2 Physical Environment, 3 Health, 4 Behavioural Interactions and 5 Mental State. The first four domains focus attention on factors that give rise to specific negative or positive subjective experiences (affects), which contribute to the animal's mental state, as evaluated in Domain 5.

Sensory Abilities of Horses and Their Importance for Equitation Science.

Vision, hearing, olfaction, taste, and touch comprise the sensory modalities of most vertebrates. With these senses, the animal receives information about its environment. How this information is organized, interpreted, and experienced is known as perception.

Readability of foot and ankle consent forms in Queensland.

Background: The aim of this study was to conduct a readability analysis on both patient take-home information and consent forms for common foot and ankle procedures. Our hypothesis was that the objective reading skills required to read and comprehend the documentation currently in use would exceed the recommendations in place by both national and international bodies.

Methods: The current Queensland Health consent forms are divided into specific subsections.

Building Bridges between Theory and Practice: How Citizen Science Can Bring Equine Researchers and Practitioners Together.

Over the last decade, equitation scientists have increasingly relied on online survey tools to gather information on horse training, management, behaviour and other equine-related subjects. With a detailed knowledge of their animals, horse owners and riders are ideally placed to contribute to research but are sometimes reluctant to engage with and devote time to surveys. The current article reveals, through consultation with stakeholder groups, the potential of a range of motivational items to boost horse-owner participation.

Slippery liquid infused fluoropolymer coating for central lines to reduce catheter associated clotting and infections.

Thrombosis and infections are two grave, interrelated problems associated with the use of central venous catheters (CVL). Currently used antibiotic coated CVL has limited clinical success in resisting blood stream infection and may increase the risk of emerging antibiotic resistant strains. We report an antibiotic-free, fluoropolymer-immobilized, liquid perfluorocarbon-coated peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) line and its effectiveness in reducing catheter associated thrombosis and pathogen colonization, as an alternative to antibiotic coated CVL.

Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty compared to stemmed hemiarthroplasty for proximal humeral fractures: a registry analysis of 5946 patients.

Background: There is an increasing trend toward the use of reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA) over stemmed hemiarthroplasty (HA) for the management of proximal humeral fractures. There are limited data available comparing the revision rates for RTSA and HA in the setting of a fracture. The aim of this study was to compare the revision rates for RTSA and HA when used for the treatment of a fracture and to analyze the effect of demographics and prosthesis fixation on these revision rates.

Reported Behavioural Differences between Geldings and Mares Challenge Sex-Driven Stereotypes in Ridden Equine Behaviour.

Horse trainers and riders may have preconceived ideas of horse temperament based solely on the sex of the horse. A study (n = 1233) of horse enthusiasts (75% of whom had more than 8 years of riding experience) revealed that riders prefer geldings over mares and stallions. While these data may reflect different sex preferences in horses used for sport, they may also reduce the chances of some horses reaching their performance potential.

Development of a Neutral Diketopyrrolopyrrole Phosphine Oxide for the Selective Bioimaging of Mitochondria at the Nanomolar Level.

Development of novel bioimaging materials that exhibit organelle specific accumulation continues to be at the forefront of research interests and efforts. Among the various subcellular organelles, mitochondria, which are found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells, are of particular interest in relation to their vital function. To date, most molecular probes that target mitochondria utilise delocalised lipophilic cations such as triphenylphosphonium and pyridinium.