CathCam-Guided Picosecond Infrared Laser Ablation in Peripheral Artery Disease Revascularization.

Objective: Endovascular revascularization of peripheral arterial occlusions has a high technical failure rate of 15-20%, mainly due to difficulties in crossing the occlusion with a guidewire. This study evaluates the use of a Picosecond mid-Infrared Laser (PIRL) to facilitate occlusion crossing.

Methods: Popliteal artery lesion samples were obtained from a donated limb of a patient with critical limb ischemia (CLI).

Within-host influenza viral diversity in the pediatric population as a function of age, vaccine, and health status.

Seasonal influenza virus predominantly evolves through antigenic drift, marked by the accumulation of mutations at antigenic sites. Because of antigenic drift, influenza vaccines are frequently updated, though their efficacy may still be limited due to strain mismatches. Despite the high levels of viral diversity observed across populations, most human studies reveal limited intrahost diversity, leaving the origin of population-level viral diversity unclear.

Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern in primary human nasal cultures demonstrates Delta as most cytopathic and Omicron as fastest replicating.

Unlabelled: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic was marked with emerging viral variants, some of which were designated as variants of concern (VOCs) due to selection and rapid circulation in the human population. Here, we elucidate functional features of each VOC linked to variations in replication rate. Patient-derived primary nasal cultures grown at air-liquid interface were used to model upper respiratory infection and compared to cell lines derived from human lung epithelia.

SARS-CoV-2 evolution during prolonged infection in immunocompromised patients.

Unlabelled: Prolonged infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in immunocompromised patients provides an opportunity for viral evolution, potentially leading to the generation of new pathogenic variants. To investigate the pathways of viral evolution, we carried out a study on five patients experiencing prolonged SARS-CoV-2 infection (quantitative polymerase chain reaction-positive for 79-203 days) who were immunocompromised due to treatment for lymphoma or solid organ transplantation. For each timepoint analyzed, we generated at least two independent viral genome sequences to assess the heterogeneity and control for sequencing error.

Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern in primary human nasal cultures demonstrates Delta as most cytopathic and Omicron as fastest replicating.

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic was marked with emerging viral variants, some of which were designated as variants of concern (VOCs) due to selection and rapid circulation in the human population. Here we elucidate functional features of each VOC linked to variations in replication rate. Patient-derived primary nasal cultures grown at air-liquid-interface (ALI) were used to model upper-respiratory infection and human lung epithelial cell lines used to model lower-respiratory infection.

Debulking different Corona (SARS-CoV-2 delta, omicron, OC43) and Influenza (H1N1, H3N2) virus strains by plant viral trap proteins in chewing gums to decrease infection and transmission.

Because oral transmission of SARS-CoV-2 is 3-5 orders of magnitude higher than nasal transmission, we investigated debulking of oral viruses using viral trap proteins (CTB-ACE2, FRIL) expressed in plant cells, delivered through the chewing gum. In omicron nasopharyngeal (NP) samples, the microbubble count (based on N-antigen) was significantly reduced by 20 μg of FRIL (p < 0.0001) and 0.

Partial ORF1ab Gene Target Failure with Omicron BA.2.12.1.

Mutations in the genome of SARS-CoV-2 can affect the performance of molecular diagnostic assays. In some cases, such as S-gene target failure, the impact can serve as a unique indicator of a particular SARS-CoV-2 variant and provide a method for rapid detection. Here, we describe partial ORF1ab gene target failure (pOGTF) on the cobas SARS-CoV-2 assays, defined by a ≥2-thermocycle delay in detection of the ORF1ab gene compared to that of the E-gene.

SARS-CoV-2 Delta Variant (AY.3) in the Feces of a Domestic Cat.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections have spilled over from humans to companion and wild animals since the inception of the global COVID-19 pandemic. However, whole genome sequencing data of the viral genomes that infect non-human animal species have been scant. Here, we detected and sequenced a SARS-CoV-2 delta variant (AY.

Detection and Interspecies Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 Delta Variant (AY.3) in Feces from a Domestic Cat and Human Samples.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections have spilled over from humans to companion and wild animals since the inception of the global COVID-19 pandemic. However, whole genome sequencing data of the viral genomes that infect non-human animal species has been scant. Here, we detected and sequenced a SARS-CoV-2 delta variant (AY.

SARS-CoV-2 Variants Associated with Vaccine Breakthrough in the Delaware Valley through Summer 2021.

The severe acute respiratory coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the cause of the global outbreak of COVID-19. Evidence suggests that the virus is evolving to allow efficient spread through the human population, including vaccinated individuals. Here, we report a study of viral variants from surveillance of the Delaware Valley, including the city of Philadelphia, and variants infecting vaccinated subjects.

Applying machine learning to predict viral assembly for adeno-associated virus capsid libraries.

Machine learning (ML) can aid in novel discoveries in the field of viral gene therapy. Specifically, big data gathered through next-generation sequencing (NGS) of complex capsid libraries is an especially prominent source of lost potential in data analysis and prediction. Furthermore, adeno-associated virus (AAV)-based capsid libraries are becoming increasingly popular as a tool to select candidates for gene therapy vectors.

Doppler optical coherence tomography for energy seal evaluation and comparison to visual evaluation (Erratum).

The erratum corrects a misspelled author surname.

Doppler optical coherence tomography for energy seal evaluation and comparison to visual evaluation.

Laser energy sealing systems have attracted much attention over the past decade given the general shift in surgical paradigm toward less invasive surgical approaches. Given this, it is paramount to have an objective method with which the quality of energy seals can be evaluated. Current methodologies used for this purpose can be problematic in the evaluation of small vessel seals.

Taste Receptor Cells in Mice Express Receptors for the Hormone Adiponectin.

The metabolic hormone adiponectin is secreted into the circulation by adipocytes and mediates key biological functions, including insulin sensitivity, adipocyte development, and fatty acid oxidation. Adiponectin is also abundant in saliva, where its functions are poorly understood. Here we report that murine taste receptor cells (TRCs) express specific adiponectin receptors and may be a target for salivary adiponectin.

Neurointerventional Procedural Complications in a Growing Canadian Regional Stroke Center: Single Hospital Experience Analysis in the Context of Recommended Case Volumes.

Background: Evidence continues to emerge regarding the inverse relationship between high neurointerventional case volume and complication rates, leading several medical/surgical societies to recommend minimum volumes for specific procedures. Recent data suggest few centers are meeting these requirements. We report a single center's neurointerventional complication rates with associated case volumes, along with a review of the literature.

Beam-shifting technique for speckle reduction and flow rate measurement in optical coherence tomography.

In this Letter, we propose a beam-shifting optical coherence tomography scheme for speckle reduction and blood flow rate calculation, where variations of the speckle pattern and Doppler angle were generated by parallel shifting of the sample beam incident on the objective lens. The resultant optical coherent tomography images could then be averaged for speckle noise reduction and simultaneously analyzed for flow rate measurement. The performance of the proposed technique was verified by both phantom and in vivo experiments.