Fundus Curvature as a Clinical Marker for Posterior Staphyloma Based on Widefield Optical Coherence Tomography.

Purpose: To investigate the ability to quantify fundus curvature and detect posterior staphyloma using widefield optical coherence tomography (OCT).

Design: Cross-sectional diagnostic evaluation.

Methods: This study reviewed 205 highly myopic eyes of 205 participants.

EFFICACY OF EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR TYROSINE KINASE INHIBITOR IN TREATING CHOROIDAL METASTASIS FROM NON-SMALL-CELL LUNG CANCER: A 10-Year Review.

Background/purpose: To describe the clinical characteristics of choroidal metastasis in patients with non-small-cell lung carcinoma and report treatment outcomes following targeted therapy versus conventional radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy.

Methods: A retrospective review was conducted in 2 hospitals in Hong Kong between 2013 and 2023. Outcomes included tumor response and visual function following treatment.

Rise in intraocular pressure with elevator travel in post-vitrectomy patients.

To evaluate the impact of elevator travel on intraocular pressure after vitreoretinal surgery with gas tamponade. Patients undergoing pars plana vitreoretinal surgery with and without gas insertion were recruited on post-operative day 1. All intraocular pressures were measured three times by Tono-Pen AVIA (Reichert, USA) on the fourth floor and, after rapid ascent in an elevator, on the 12th floor of the hospital.

Intraocular inflammation following COVID-19 vaccination: the clinical presentations.

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to describe the cases of intraocular inflammation following COVID-19 vaccination (Comirnaty mRNA vaccine and CoronaVac vaccine) in Hong Kong.

Methods: This was a retrospective case series.

Results: This series includes 16 eyes among 10 female patients, with a mean age of 49.

Acute postoperative endophthalmitis after cataract operation: result of early vitrectomy within 24 hours of presentation.

Objectives: To evaluate result of early pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) within 24 hours of presentation for acute postoperative endophthalmitis after cataract operation, and to determine factors that predict visual outcome.

Methods: Consecutive patients who developed acute postoperative endophthalmitis within 6 weeks after cataract operation were reviewed. Patients were divided into two groups for analysis: (1) those receiving PPV within 24 hours of presentation (early PPV group), and (2) those receiving initial intravitreal antibiotics only without PPV within 24 hours of presentation (IVA group).

The Contemporary Role of Photodynamic Therapy in the Treatment of Pachychoroid Diseases.

Recent advances in retinal imaging technology have improved our understanding in the pathogenesis and evolvement of various chorioretinal diseases. Central serous chorioretinopathy and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy are now recognized to belong to the same spectrum of disorders known as pachychoroid diseases. Pachychoroid diseases have similar pathogenesis pathway and common characteristics of thickened choroid, dilated outer choroidal vessels, and thinning of choriocapillaris.

Applications of Multimodal Imaging in Central Serous Chorioretinopathy Evaluation.

Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) is a macular disease characterized by serous retinal detachment commonly involving the macular region. CSCR has a wide spectrum of clinical presentations. Although a significant proportion of CSCR cases are self-limiting, patients can suffer from persistent or recurrent disease, sometimes complicated with choroidal neovascularization, resulting in permanent visual loss.

Fundus Autofluorescence and Optical Coherence Tomography Characteristics in Different Stages of Central Serous Chorioretinopathy.

Objective: To describe the morphological changes on fundus autofluorescence (FAF) and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) imaging at different chronicity of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC).

Methods: This cross-sectional study included patients with CSC of different chronicity. Changes in FAF scans and morphological changes on SD-OCT were evaluated and compared at different stages of CSC.

Primary Clear Cell Carcinoma of the Pancreas: A Systematic Review.

Over the years, the world has witnessed many advances in diagnosing and treating multiple types of cancers. These breakthroughs have revolutionized the understanding of the molecular drive behind these neoplasms, leading to tangible therapeutic evolution and promising prognostic implications. However, pancreatic cancer remains a highly lethal disease.

Small-Cell Lung Cancer Cavities: Primary or Secondary?

Although non-small-cell lung cancer occasionally presents as cavitary lesions, it is rare for small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) to present or progress in such a manner. If a cavitary lesion is seen in the setting of small-cell lung carcinoma, infectious etiologies must be excluded first. We present the case of a 43-year-old man with refractory SCLC that progressed despite two lines of therapy, and who was ultimately found to have recurrent adenopathy and numerous widespread cavitary lung nodules.

Analysis of choriocapillaris perfusion and choroidal layer changes in patients with chronic central serous chorioretinopathy randomised to micropulse laser or photodynamic therapy.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the signal changes in choriocapillaris flow deficits and choroidal thickness changes using swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) following different treatments.

Design: A double-blind, randomised controlled trial.

Methods: Patients with unilateral chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) were randomised to receive subthreshold micropulse laser therapy (MLT) or half-dose photodynamic therapy (PDT).

Perioperative predictors of midterm survival after aortic valve replacement.

Background: Elderly patients with aortic stenosis are under-referred for aortic valve replacement surgery. This study investigated the perioperative factors associated with midterm outcomes in a consecutive series of patients undergoing aortic valve replacement with or without coronary artery bypass graft surgery.

Methods: From 2006 to 2010, 509 patients having aortic valve replacement or aortic valve replacement with coronary artery bypass were grouped according to age (<80 years and ≥80 years) and procedure (aortic valve replacement ± coronary artery bypass).

Comparative genome-wide transcriptional analysis of human left and right internal mammary arteries.

In coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), the combined use of left and right internal mammary arteries (LIMA and RIMA) - collectively known as bilateral IMAs (BIMAs) provides a survival advantage over the use of LIMA alone. However, gene expression in RIMA has never been compared to that in LIMA. Here we report a genome-wide transcriptional analysis of BIMA to investigate the expression profiles of these conduits in patients undergoing CABG.

Mutational analysis clopidogrel resistance and platelet function in patients scheduled for coronary artery bypass grafting.

Clopidogrel is an oral antiplatelet pro-drug prescribed to 40 million patients worldwide who are at risk for thrombotic events or receiving percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). However about a fifth of patients treated with clopidogrel do not respond adequately to the drug. From a cohort of 105 patients on whom we had functional data on clopidogrel response, we used ultra-high throughput sequencing to assay mutations in CYP2C19 and ABCB1, the two genes genetically linked to respond.

Impact of New York Heart Association classification, advanced age and patient-prosthesis mismatch on outcomes in aortic valve replacement surgery.

OBJECTIVES More elderly patients (>80 years of age) are being referred for aortic valve replacement (AVR) with or without CABG. Current risk stratification models may not accurately predict the preoperative risk in these patients. We sought to determine which perioperative variables were relevant in determining short-term (30-day to in-hospital) outcomes in our intuition's series of consecutive AVR and AVR+CABG surgeries.

Use of an objective tool to assess platelet inhibition prior to off-pump coronary surgery to reduce blood usage.

Background: The current standard of care is to delay coronary surgery 5-7 days after clopidogrel exposure to prevent bleeding complications. We sought to determine the utility of an objective tool (ie, the VerifyNow assay) to measure platelet inhibition (PI) in patients receiving preoperative clopidogrel prior to off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting surgery (OPCABG).

Patients And Methods: Between June 2007 and July 2009, a total of 482 isolated OPCABG procedures were performed at our institution.

Propensity matched analysis of bilateral internal mammary artery versus single left internal mammary artery grafting at 17-year follow-up: validation of a contemporary surgical experience.

Objectives: Bilateral internal mammary arteries (BIMA) remains widely underutilized in coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Although prior research has demonstrated a long-term benefit of the use of BIMA over left internal mammary artery (LIMA)-only, validation of these results is lacking in a contemporary surgical experience. We compared complications and survival at 17-year follow-up in a large series of consecutive CABG patients from a single institution that underwent BIMA grafting with a propensity-matched group where LIMA only was used.