Yoga as an Adjunctive Intervention to Medication-Assisted Treatment with Buprenorphine+Naloxone.

Objective: According to the CDC, 2.6 million people in the United States have an opioid use disorder and drug overdose is the leading cause of accidental death. Opioids are involved in 63% of overdose deaths.

Identifying and understanding the health and social care needs of older adults with multiple chronic conditions and their caregivers: a protocol for a scoping review.

Introduction: People are living longer; however, they are not necessarily experiencing good health and well-being as they age. Many older adults live with multiple chronic conditions (MCC), and complex health issues, which adversely affect their day-to-day functioning and overall quality of life. As a result, they frequently rely on the support of friend and/or family caregivers.

Influenza vaccine effectiveness against influenza-related hospitalization during a season with mixed outbreaks of four influenza viruses: a test-negative case-control study in adults in Canada.

Background: The Serious Outcomes Surveillance (SOS) Network was established to monitor seasonal influenza complications among hospitalized Canadian adults and to assess the effectiveness of influenza vaccination against severe outcomes. Here we report age- and strain-specific vaccine effectiveness (VE) in preventing severe outcomes during a season characterized by mixed outbreaks of four different influenza strains.

Methods: This prospective, multicentre, test-negative case-control study evaluated the VE of trivalent influenza vaccine (TIV) in the prevention of laboratory-confirmed influenza-hospitalization in adults aged ≥16 years (all adults) and adults aged 16-64 years (younger adults).

Association Between Blood Pressure and Retinal Vessel Diameters Among Police Officers in the US Northeast.

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine relationships of blood pressure with central retinal arteriolar equivalent (CRAE) and central retinal venular equivalent (CRVE) among 242 police officers.

Methods: Computerized retinal images of each eye were taken. Mean values of CRAE and CRVE were compared across hypertension status categories using analysis of variance and analysis of covariance.

Cross-Cultural Adaptation of the Social Vulnerability Index for Use in the Dutch Context.

Being able to identify socially frail older adults is essential for designing interventions and policy and for the prediction of health outcomes, both on the level of individual older adults and of the population. The aim of the present study was to adapt the Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) to the Dutch language and culture for those purposes. A systematic cross-cultural adaptation of the initial Social Vulnerability Index was performed following five steps: initial translation, synthesis of translations, back translation, a Delphi procedure, and a test for face validity and feasibility.

Resource utilization and cost of influenza requiring hospitalization in Canadian adults: A study from the serious outcomes surveillance network of the Canadian Immunization Research Network.

Background: Consideration of cost determinants is crucial to inform delivery of public vaccination programs.

Objectives: To estimate the average total cost of laboratory-confirmed influenza requiring hospitalization in Canadians prior to, during, and 30 days following discharge. To analyze effects of patient/disease characteristics, treatment, and regional differences in costs.

Police stressors and health: a state-of-the-art review.

Purpose –: The purpose of this paper is to provide a state-of-the-art review on the topic of police stressors and associated health outcomes. Recent empirical research is reviewed in the areas of workplace stress, shift work, traumatic stress, and health. The authors provide a comprehensive table outlining occupational exposures and related health effects in police officers.

Sensorimotor learning and associated visual perception are intact but unrelated in autism spectrum disorder.

Unlabelled: Humans show an astonishing capability to learn sensorimotor behaviours. However, data from sensorimotor learning experiments suggest the integration of efferent sensorimotor commands, afferent sensorimotor information, and visual consequences of a performed action during learning is different in autism, leading to atypical representation of internal action models. Here, we investigated the generalization of a sensorimotor internal action model formed during sensorimotor learning to a different, but associated, visual perception task.

Estimating influenza vaccine effectiveness: Evolution of methods to better understand effects of confounding in older adults.

Older adults are at high risk for serious complications of influenza illness and loss of vaccine-mediated protection. It is increasingly recognized that in addition to age, multiple chronic conditions and associated frailty contribute to the decline in vaccine effectiveness in this population. However, observational studies have been fraught with issues of confounding related to the degree of frailty and functional decline, measures of which are not included in standard administrative health care databases that are used to calculate vaccine effectiveness.

Pharmacokinetics of IGF-1 in PAPP-A2-Deficient Patients, Growth Response, and Effects on Glucose and Bone Density.

Context: The pregnancy-associated plasma protein A2 (PAPP-A2) cleaves insulinlike growth factor binding proteins 3 and 5, releasing free insulinlike growth factor 1 (IGF-1). Homozygous mutations in PAPP-A2 result in growth failure with elevated total but low free IGF-1.

Objective: To determine the 24-hour pharmacokinetic (PK) profile of free and total IGF-1 after a dose of recombinant human insulinlike growth factor 1 (rhIGF-1).

Nutritional intervention and neurodevelopmental outcome in infants with suspected cerebral palsy: the Dolphin infant double-blind randomized controlled trial.

Aim: To investigate whether docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), choline, and uridine-5-monophosphate (UMP) supplementation improves neurodevelopmental outcome in infants with suspected cerebral palsy (CP) versus a comparison group of children.

Method: Infants aged 1 to 18 months with suspected CP were recruited from UK child development centres. Participants received daily treatment or control supplementation for 2 years (double-blind randomized control design).

Extravasation of contrast (Spot Sign) predicts in-hospital mortality in ruptured arteriovenous malformation.

Background And Purpose: The spot sign is a highly specific and sensitive predictor of hematoma expansion in following primary intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Rare cases of the spot sign have been documented in patients with intracranial hemorrhage secondary to arteriovenous malformation (AVM). The purpose of this retrospective study is to assess the accuracy of spot sign in predicting clinical outcomes in patients with ruptured AVM.

Polypharmacy and use of potentially inappropriate medications in long-term care facilities: does coordinated primary care make a difference?

Objectives: Polypharmacy is both common and harmful for frail residents of long-term care facilities (LTCF). We aimed to study rates of polypharmacy and potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) before and after the implementation of a new model of coordinated primary care in LTCF, 'Care by Design (CBD)'.

Methods: This was an observational before/after study in 10 LTCFs in Halifax, NS, Canada.

The Importance of Frailty in the Assessment of Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness Against Influenza-Related Hospitalization in Elderly People.

Background: Influenza is an important cause of morbidity and mortality among older adults. Even so, effectiveness of influenza vaccine for older adults has been reported to be lower than for younger adults, and the impact of frailty on vaccine effectiveness (VE) and outcomes is uncertain. We aimed to study VE against influenza hospitalization in older adults, focusing on the impact of frailty.

Shiftwork and the Retinal Vasculature Diameters Among Police Officers.

Objective: To investigate associations of central retinal arteriolar equivalent (CRAE), a measure of retinal arteriolar width, and central retinal venular equivalents (CRVE), a measure of retinal venular width, with shiftwork in 199 police officers (72.9% men).

Methods: Shiftwork (day, afternoon, night) was assessed using electronic payroll records.

Resilience mediates the relationship between social support and post-traumatic stress symptoms in police officers.

Objective: Police officers in the New Orleans geographic area faced a number of challenges following Hurricane Katrina in 2005.

Design: This cross-sectional study examined gratitude, resilience, and satisfaction with life as mediators in the association between social support and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in 82 male and 31 female police officers. The Gratitude Questionnaire, Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, Satisfaction with Life Scale, and the Interpersonal Support Evaluation List were used to measure gratitude, resilience, satisfaction with life, and social support, respectively.

On-Duty Nonfatal Injury that Lead to Work Absences Among Police Officers and Level of Perceived Stress.

Objective: We examined prevalence, frequency, duration, and recency of injury leave and the association of duty-related injury with perceived stress in U.S. police officers.

Dynamic fluid connectivity during steady-state multiphase flow in a sandstone.

The current conceptual picture of steady-state multiphase Darcy flow in porous media is that the fluid phases organize into separate flow pathways with stable interfaces. Here we demonstrate a previously unobserved type of steady-state flow behavior, which we term "dynamic connectivity," using fast pore-scale X-ray imaging. We image the flow of N and brine through a permeable sandstone at subsurface reservoir conditions, and low capillary numbers, and at constant fluid saturation.

Stressful life events and posttraumatic growth among police officers: A cross-sectional study.

Police officers often continue to face numerous threats and stressors in the aftermath of a disaster. To date, posttraumatic growth (PTG) has been studied primarily in the context of significant trauma; thus, it is not known whether stressful life events are associated with PTG. This study investigated the development of PTG among 113 police officers working in the New Orleans area following Hurricane Katrina.

Dynamics of snap-off and pore-filling events during two-phase fluid flow in permeable media.

Understanding the pore-scale dynamics of two-phase fluid flow in permeable media is important in many processes such as water infiltration in soils, oil recovery, and geo-sequestration of CO. The two most important processes that compete during the displacement of a non-wetting fluid by a wetting fluid are pore-filling or piston-like displacement and snap-off; this latter process can lead to trapping of the non-wetting phase. We present a three-dimensional dynamic visualization study using fast synchrotron X-ray micro-tomography to provide new insights into these processes by conducting a time-resolved pore-by-pore analysis of the local curvature and capillary pressure.

Variation of the Contact Time of Droplets Bouncing on Cylindrical Ridges with Ridge Size.

Reducing the contact time between bouncing droplets and an underlying solid surface is relevant to a broad range of industrial applications, such as anti-icing and self-cleaning. Previous work has found that placing cylindrical obstacles on the substrate leads to a reduction in contact time. For obstacles large compared to the drop, this is a result of hydrodynamic coupling between the azimuthal and axial spreading directions.

Contemporary Remotely Sensed Data Products Refine Invasive Plants Risk Mapping in Data Poor Regions.

Invasive weeds are a serious problem worldwide, threatening biodiversity and damaging economies. Modeling potential distributions of invasive weeds can prioritize locations for monitoring and control efforts, increasing management efficiency. Forecasts of invasion risk at regional to continental scales are enabled by readily available downscaled climate surfaces together with an increasing number of digitized and georeferenced species occurrence records and species distribution modeling techniques.