The impact of self-efficacy on nonoperative treatment of atraumatic shoulder pain.

Context: Atraumatic shoulder pain is frequently encountered in primary care and surgical clinics. With increased recognition of the biopsychosocial model, there has been an increased emphasis on identifying patient factors associated with less effective coping strategies such as pain catastrophizing. It remains uncertain what impact self-efficacy has on the response to nonoperative treatment of shoulder pain.

Spermatogonial Stem Cell Numbers Are Reduced by Transient Inhibition of GDNF Signaling but Restored by Self-Renewing Replication when Signaling Resumes.

One cause of human male infertility is a scarcity of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) in testes with Sertoli cells that neither produce adequate amounts of GDNF nor form the Sertoli-Sertoli junctions that form the blood-testis barrier (BTB). These patients raise the issue of whether a pool of SSCs, depleted due to inadequate GDNF stimulation, will expand if normal signaling is restored. Here, we reduce adult mouse SSC numbers by 90% using a chemical-genetic approach that reversibly inhibits GDNF signaling.

Comparison of Editor, Reviewer, and Author Demographics in .

Purpose: To determine whether demographic differences exist among editors, reviewers, and authors in (JHS). We aimed to test the null hypothesis that there would be no difference among these 3 groups with respect to gender, geographic location, academic productivity, and financial relationships with industry.

Methods: Editors, reviewers, and physician authors were identified for 2018 JHS.