Clinical characteristics, angiographic findings, and one-year outcome of 101 consecutive stent thrombosis cases in British Columbia.

Background: Stent thrombosis (ST) is rare, but is associated with significant morbidity and mortality.

Methods: We analyzed data from the British Columbia (BC) Registry from April 2011-January 2012.

Results: 101 ST cases were reported and verified.

Thinking about aboriginal KT: learning from the Network Environments for Aboriginal Health Research British Columbia (NEARBC).

Objective: Creating effective and actionable research has become increasingly important for the health disciplines. Despite greater attention to knowledge translation (KT) in the health research, policy, and professional literature and the mounting need for strategic action to reduce the burden of ill health experienced by Aboriginal people in Canada, little time has been dedicated to understanding KT in Aboriginal health research contexts (Aboriginal KT). The purpose of this study was to explore and discuss the unique qualities of Aboriginal KT.

Disparities in chronic disease among Canada's low-income populations.

Introduction: Many studies have found inequities in health among income groups in Canada. We report the variations in the major chronic disease risks among low-income populations, by province of residence, as a proxy measure of social environment.

Methods: We used estimates from the 2005 Canadian Community Health Survey to study residents who were aged 45 years or older and from the lowest income quintile nationally.

Innovative approaches in public health research: applying life course epidemiology to aboriginal health research.

A life course epidemiology approach embraces the complexity of disease risk and acknowledges the long-term effects of physical, social, psychological, and behaviour pathways, operating across an individual's life, a community's generation, and a population's development, on health and well-being. Researchers who adopt a life course epidemiology approach broaden their ability to understand, explain, and prescribe ways to mitigate the effects of chronic diseases and reduce risk factor development and interaction. Although there are many diseases that explicate the importance and usefulness of a life course approach for Aboriginal health research, this commentary focuses on the benefits for understanding chronic respiratory diseases in Aboriginal populations.

Taking a life course perspective on cardiovascular disease and diabetes in First Nations peoples.

The burden of cardiovascular disease and diabetes and associated risk factors, such as obesity, smoking, impaired glucose tolerance, hypertension, and dietary factors, present a mix of factors that are detrimental to the immediate and long-term health of First Nations peoples in Canada. The authors use a life course perspective to examine the long-term effects of risk factors that are prevalent during gestation, childhood, adolescence, young adulthood, and adult life on developmental health and later disease risk. The resultant broader perspective may generate innovative approaches to addressing chronic disease in Canada's Aboriginal population.

Knowledge translation in the context of Aboriginal health.

Interest in the concept of knowledge translation (KT), one of the many terms used to describe the process(es) through which knowledge is transformed into action, is increasingly prevalent in the mainstream health literature. Despite a pressing need, little has been done to address the implications of evolving theories and strategies for KT in an Aboriginal context. The authors attempt to narrow the gap by reviewing the literature on Aboriginal KT and exploring ways to extend this work by engaging with the Aboriginal health research literature and the KT literature.

A KCNQ1 V205M missense mutation causes a high rate of long QT syndrome in a First Nations community of northern British Columbia: a community-based approach to understanding the impact.

Purpose: Hereditary long QT syndrome is named for a prolonged QT interval reflecting predisposition to ventricular arrhythmias and sudden death. A high rate in a remote, northern Canadian First Nations community was brought to attention.

Methods: Two severely affected index cases and 122 relatives were ascertained using community-based participatory research principles.

An innovative application of Bayesian disease mapping methods to patient safety research: a Canadian adverse medical event study.

Recently developed disease mapping and ecological regression methods have become important techniques in studies of disease epidemiology and in health services research. This increase in importance is partially a result of the development of Bayesian statistical methodologies that make it possible to study associations between health problems and risk factors at an aggregate (i.e.

Transfusion rates vary significantly amongst Canadian medical centres.

Purpose: To document variation of transfusion practice following repair of hip fracture or cardiac surgery, as well as those requiring intensive care following a surgical intervention or multiple trauma (high risk patients).

Methods: We documented rates of allogeneic red cell transfusion in 41,568 patients admitted to 11 hospitals across Canada between August 1998 and August 2000 as part of a retrospective observational cohort study. In the subgroup of 7,552 patients receiving red cells, we also compared mean nadir hemoglobin concentrations from centre to centre.

Clinical outcomes following institution of the Canadian universal leukoreduction program for red blood cell transfusions.

Context: A number of countries have implemented a policy of universal leukoreduction of their blood supply, but the potential role of leukoreduction in decreasing postoperative mortality and infection is unclear.

Objective: To evaluate clinical outcomes following adoption of a national universal prestorage leukoreduction program for blood transfusions.

Design, Setting, And Population: Retrospective before-and-after cohort study conducted from August 1998 to August 2000 in 23 academic and community hospitals throughout Canada, enrolling 14 786 patients who received red blood cell transfusions following cardiac surgery or repair of hip fracture, or who required intensive care following a surgical intervention or multiple trauma.

Multiple imputation to account for missing data in a survey: estimating the prevalence of osteoporosis.

Background: Nonresponse bias is a concern in any epidemiologic survey in which a subset of selected individuals declines to participate.

Methods: We reviewed multiple imputation, a widely applicable and easy to implement Bayesian methodology to adjust for nonresponse bias. To illustrate the method, we used data from the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study, a large cohort study of 9423 randomly selected Canadians, designed in part to estimate the prevalence of osteoporosis.