Publications by authors named "Andrew Kelman"
Background And Aims: Hiatus hernia (HH) is a key mediator of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease but little is known about its significance in the general population. We studied the structure and function of the gastro-oesophageal junction in healthy volunteers with and without HH.
Methods: We compared 15 volunteers with HH, detected by endoscopy or MRI scan, but without gastro-oesophageal reflux disease with 15 controls matched for age, gender and body weight.
Objective: There is a high incidence of inflammation and metaplasia at the gastro-oesophageal junction (GOJ) in asymptomatic volunteers. Additionally, the majority of patients with GOJ adenocarcinomas have no history of reflux symptoms. We report the effects of waist belt and increased waist circumference (WC) on the physiology of the GOJ in asymptomatic volunteers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground & Aims: In the West, a substantial proportion of subjects with adenocarcinoma of the gastric cardia and gastroesophageal junction have no history of reflux. We studied the gastroesophageal junction in asymptomatic volunteers with normal and large waist circumferences (WCs) to determine if central obesity is associated with abnormalities that might predispose individuals to adenocarcinoma.
Methods: We performed a study of 24 healthy, Helicobacter pylori-negative volunteers with a small WC and 27 with a large WC.
Objective: Acid reflux produces troublesome symptoms (heartburn) and complications including esophagitis, Barrett's esophagus, and adenocarcinoma. Reflux occurs due to excessive and inappropriate relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter. An important mediator of this is nitric oxide, high concentrations of which are generated within the lumen when swallowed saliva meets gastric acid.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- The study focuses on understanding pathologies at the gastro-oesophageal squamo-columnar junction (SCJ), a challenging area to analyze due to constant movements that affect monitoring reliability.
- A new method is introduced that involves attaching a small magnet to the SCJ, which allows continuous, real-time tracking of its position using a specialized probe with sensors.
- Results from both laboratory and in vivo studies demonstrate high accuracy in position measurement, suggesting this technique could enhance the understanding of upper gastrointestinal tract conditions when combined with existing monitoring technologies.